Emotions and moods,by Ajayaraj,R. MBA SNIT,Adoor,Kerala

1. Emotions and
Moods
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2. 2
1st SEM MBA
SNIT ADOOR
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3. Why Were Emotions Ignored
in OB?
• The “Myth of Rationality”
– Emotions were seen as irrational
– Managers worked to make emotion-free
environments
• View of Emotionality
– Emotions were believed to be disruptive
– Emotions interfered with productivity
– Only negative emotions were observed
• Now we know emotions can’t be separated from the
workplace
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5. Discuss Whether Emotions Are Rational
and What Functions They Serve
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7. 7
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8. © 2007 Prentice Hall Inc. All
rights reserved.
Gender and Emotions
• Women
– Can show greater emotional expression.
– Experience emotions more intensely.
– Display emotions more frequently.
– Are more comfortable in expressing emotions.
– Are better at reading others’ emotions.
• Men
– Believe that displaying emotions is inconsistent with the male image.
– Are innately less able to read and to identify with others’ emotions.
– Have less need to seek social approval by showing positive emotions.
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9. Definitions of Moods
• Moods are feelings that are longer lasting than emotions and have no
clear starting point of formation. Moods are actually made up of multiple
emotions. Sally's second job opportunity at Perfect Pet Food is with a boss
that is known to have good moods in the workplace. Even though the pay
is a lot less, Sally is starting to realize the impact of a good working
environment.
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10. Mood
• All moods can affect judgment, perception, and physical and
emotional well-being. Long-term exposure to negative moods
or stressful environments can lead to illnesses such as heart
disease, diabetes, and ulcers. The decision-making effects of
any kind of bad mood can hinder a person's job performance
and lead to poor decisions that affect the company. In
contrast, a positive mood can
enhance creativity and problem solving. However, positive
moods can also create false optimism and negatively
influence decision making.
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13. • Plutchik's wheel of emotions is an info graph that uses the
color wheel to illustrate variations in human affect and the
relationship among emotions. Current applications of the
wheel of emotion include robotics and sentiment analysis.
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Plutchik Wheel
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14. • Psychologist Robert Plutchik created the 2D wheel and a
conical 3D version in 1980 as a tool for understanding his
psycho evolutionary theory of emotion. Plutchik identified
eight primary emotions, which he coordinated in pairs of
opposites: joy versus sadness; trust versus disgust; fear versus
anger and anticipation versus surprise.
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Plutchik Wheel
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15. Plutchik Wheel
• Emotions are complex and move in various directions.
Modeling emotional feelings and considering their behavioral
implications are useful in preventing emotions from having a
negative effect on the workplace.
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(eng-movie)
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19. Identify the Sources of Emotions and
Moods
• Personality
– There is a trait component – affect intensity
• Day and Time of the Week
– There is a common pattern for all of us
• Happier in the midpoint of the daily awake period
• Happier toward the end of the week
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20. © 2007 Prentice Hall Inc. All
rights reserved.
Emotional Labor
Emotional Labor
A situation in which an employee expresses
organizationally desired emotions during
interpersonal transactions.
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21. © 2007 Prentice Hall Inc. All
rights reserved.
Felt versus Displayed Emotions
Felt Emotions
An individual’s actual emotions.
Displayed Emotions
Emotions that are organizationally
required and considered appropriate
in a given job.
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22. © 2007 Prentice Hall Inc. All
rights reserved.
OB Applications of Understanding
Emotions
• Emotions and Selection
– Emotions affect employee effectiveness.
• Decision Making
– Emotions are an important part of the decision-making process in
organizations.
• Creativity
– Positive mood increases creativity
• Motivation
– Emotional commitment to work and high motivation are strongly
linked.
• Leadership
– Emotions are important to acceptance of messages from
organizational leaders.
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23. © 2007 Prentice Hall Inc. All
rights reserved.
OB Applications… (cont’d)
• Interpersonal Conflict
– Conflict in the workplace and individual emotions are
strongly intertwined.
• Negotiation
– Emotions can impair negotiations.
• Customer Services
– Emotions affect service quality delivered to customers
which, in turn, affects customer relationships.
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24. • Job Attitudes
– Can carry over to home
• Deviant Workplace Behaviors
– Negative emotions lead to employee deviance
(actions that violate norms and threaten the
organization).
• Productivity failures
• Property theft and destruction
• Political actions
• Personal aggression
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25. Identify the Sources of Emotions and Moods
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26. Identify the Sources of Emotions and Moods
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27. • Weather
– Illusory correlation – no effect
• Stress
– Even low levels of constant stress can worsen moods
• Social Activities
– Physical, informal, and dining activities increase
positive moods
Identify the Sources of Emotions and
Moods
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28. Identify the Sources of
Emotions and Moods
• Sleep
– Poor sleep quality increases negative affect
• Exercise
• Does somewhat improve mood, especially for depressed people
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29. Identify the Sources of Emotions
and Moods
• Age
– Older folks experience fewer negative emotions.
• Sex
– Women tend to be more emotionally expressive, feel emotions more
intensely, have longer-lasting moods, and express emotions more
frequently than do men.
– Due more to socialization than to biology.
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30. © 2007 Prentice Hall Inc. All
rights reserved.
Affective Events Theory (AET)
• Emotions are negative or positive responses to a work
environment event.
– Personality and mood determine the intensity of the
emotional response.
– Emotions can influence a broad range of work
performance and job satisfaction variables.
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31. • Implications of the theory:
– Individual response reflects emotions and mood cycles.
– Current and past emotions affect job satisfaction.
– Emotional fluctuations create variations in job satisfaction
and performance.
– Both negative and positive emotions can distract workers
and reduce job performance.
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32. Describe Affective Events Theory and
Identify Its Applications
• An emotional episode is actually the result of a series of
emotional experiences triggered by a single event
• Current and past emotions affect job satisfaction
• Emotional fluctuations over time create variations in job
performance
• Emotion-driven behaviors are typically brief and variable
• Both negative and positive emotions can distract workers
and reduce job performance
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33. Describe Affective Events Theory and
Identify Its Applications
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35. A Definition
The term emotional intelligence was officially coined in 1990
by Salovey and Mayer
Emotional Intelligence/Quotient is “the capacity for
recognizing our own feelings and those of others, for
motivating ourselves, and for managing emotions well in
ourselves and in our relationships. Emotional intelligence
describes abilities distinct from, but complementary to,
academic intelligence.”
- Daniel Goleman (1998)
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36. Emotional intelligence
• Emotional intelligence is the ability to identify, evaluate and control the
emotions of oneself, of others, and of groups.

37. So what’s EI and why is it
important?
• Some research shows that
IQ can help you to be
successful to the extent of
20 percent only in life.
The rest of 80 percent
success depends on your
EQ.
20%
IQ
80%
EQ
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38. Where we want to be…the Goal
EQ
Thinking
Part
Feeling
Part
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EQ/EI refers to emotional management skills which provide competence to
balance emotions and reason, so as to maximize long term effectiveness &
happiness.
Emotional quotient
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41. TWO VIEW POINTS ABOUT EQ
Traditionalists
say that emotions
High performers
say that emotions
Distract us
Increase our
vulnerability
Cloud our judgment
Inhibit free flow of data
Must be controlled
Motivate us
Increase our confidence
Speed our analysis
Build trust
Provide vital feedback
Must be managed
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42. Physiology & Emotion
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43. Why are we spending time on this?
• Its important to understand how our brains process basic
and higher level emotions.
• This will increase your awareness of why we react the way
we sometimes do.
• Emotion and your body have a big relationship!
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44. Therefore…Basic Emotions--presumed to
be hard wired and physiologically
distinctive
• Joy
• Surprise
• Sadness
• Anger
• Disgust
• Fear
• Empathy (Not necessarily)
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45. …therefore, emotion has an
evolutionary basis…
– but basic emotions can
overwhelm rational
thinking…
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46. Emotional
development
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49. The development of EI
• A genetic contribution
is likely
• They are not destiny
(timidity)
• Early expression of
emotion by parents
helps learning
• Early abuse hinders
learning
• Poor ability to read
others’ emotion may
lead to the
development of poor
social skills.
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50. Value of taking time for self-
awareness requires abilities
• to recognize appropriate body cues and emotions
• to label cues and emotions accurately
• to stay open to unpleasant as well as pleasant
emotions
• includes the capacity for experiencing and
recognizing multiple and conflicting emotions
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51. Using emotions to maximize intellectual
processing and decision making
• Self Awareness is the foundation for EI development
in everybody
• “Gut feeling” can be used to effectively guide
decisions- a neurological understanding of how
unconscious and conscious gut feelings guide
decisions, e.g., when prioritizing, emotions help move
the decisions.
• Harness emotions to promote or hinder motivation.
(Anxiety, hostility, sadness)
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52. Developing empathy
• Empathy is a feeling different from sympathy. When one is sympathetic, one
implies pity but maintains distance from another person’s feelings. Empathy
is more a sense that one can truly understand or imagine the depth of
another person’s feelings. It implies feeling with a person, rather than feeling
sorry for a person.
• Empathy is a translation of the German term Einfühlung, meaning to feel at
one with. It implies sharing the load, or “walking a mile in someone else’s
shoes,” in order to appropriately understand that person’s perspective.
• In research on married couples, empathy appears to include matching the
physiological changes of the other person.
social
awareness
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53. Developing empathy links to
• Greater emotional
stability
• Greater interpersonal
sensitivity
• Greater affiliation.
Developing empathy53
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54. The danger of the nice
personality
• Have you ever met a nice
person, but the “ alarm bells
have gone off?”
• Charisma draws in but not
always to desired ends, e.g.,
Hitler, Jim Jones.
• Empathy can be faked; so can
other emotions.
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55. The art of social relationships--
managing emotions in others
• To excel at people skills means having and using the competencies to be
an effective friend, negotiator, and leader. One should be able to guide an
interaction, inspire others, make others comfortable in social situations,
and influence and persuade others.
social
skills
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56. The subtle and complex abilities which
underlie people skills
• Being attuned to others’
emotions
• Promoting comfort in
others through the
proper use of display
rules
• Using own emotional
display to establish a
sense of rapport
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57. Emotion related
dysfunction• all or nothing thinking
• overgeneralization
• excessive worrying
• worrying as magical thinking
• disqualifying the position
• jumping to negative
conclusions
• “should” statements
• labeling & mislabeling
• personalization
• stonewalling
• criticism; contempt
• Impacts on physical health
– cardiovascular disease
– progression of diabetes
– progression of cancer
– onset of hypertension
– Stress related illness
• Impacts on relationships
• Impacts on mental health
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58. There are instruments to measure EI...
• Take time for mindfulness
• Recognize and name emotions
• ID the causes of feelings
• Differentiate having the emotion and
doing something about it
• Learn optimism to challenge
distortion
• Learn distraction techniques
• Listen to voice of experience
• Develop Listening skills
• Reuven’s Bar-on EQi
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61. Don’t forget…”The Goal”
Emotional Intelligence
Thinking
Part
Feeling
Part
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I am a believer that color affects people's moods.
Lilly Pulitzer
Colors, like features, follow the changes of
the emotions.
Pablo Picasso
MOODS
EMOTIONS
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