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By
Dr. Abhishek Srivastava
Richard Suchman’s
INQUIRY TRAINING MODEL
This model was designed by Richard Suchman to teach students to engage in casual
reasoningand to become more fluent and precise in asking questions, building concepts and
hypotheses, and testing them.
इस मॉडल को रिचडड सुचमन द्वािा छात्रों को आकस्ममक तकड में संलग्न होने औि प्रश्न पूछने,
अवधािणाओं का ननमाडण किने औि परिकल्पना किने औि उनका पिीक्षण किने के ललए अधधक
धािाप्रवाह औि सटीक बनने के ललए डडजाइन ककया गया था।
इंक्वायिी लननिंग छात्रों को उन प्रकियाओं को अनुभव किने औि हालसल किने का अवसि प्रदान किता
है स्िसके माध्यम से वे दुननया के बािे में िानकािी एकत्र कि सकते हैं। इसके ललए सीखने वाले,
लिक्षक, अध्ययन के क्षेत्र, उपलब्ध संसाधनों औि सीखने के माहौल के बीच उच्च मति की सहभाधगता
की आवश्यकता होती है, छात्र सीखने की प्रकिया में सकिय रूप से िालमल हो िाते हैं:
Inquiry learning provides opportunities for students to experience and acquire processes
through which they can gather information about theworld. This requires a high level of
interaction among the learner, the teacher, area of study, available resources, and the learning
environment, students become actively involved in the learning process as they:
INQUIRY TRAINING MODEL
• Act upon their curiosity and interests;
• Develop questions;
• Think their way through controversies or dilemmas;
• Look at problems analytically;
• Inquire into their preconceptions and what they already know;
• Develop, clarify and test hypotheses;
• Draw inferences and generate possible solutions.
• उनकी जिज्ञासा और रुजियों पर कायय;
• प्रश्न जिकजसत करना;
• जििादों या दुजिधाओं के माध्यम से अपना रास्ता सोिें;
• समस्याओं को जिश्लेषणात्मक रूप से देखें;
• उनकी पूिय धारणाओं में पूछताछ करें और िे पहले से ही क्या िानते हैं;
• पररकल्पना का जिकास, स्पष्ट और परीक्षण करना;
• संदर्य बनाएं और संर्ाजित समाधान उत्पन्न करें।
• All knowledge is tentative;
• Most of the problems are amenable to several
equally plausible explanations. There is no one
particular answer to a problem;
• Inquiry is natural. All of us often inquire when
confronted with a problematic situation or puzzle;
• सभी ज्ञान अमथायी है;
• अधधकांि सममयाएं कई समान रूप से प्रिंसनीय
मपष्टीकिणों के ललए उत्तिदायी हैं। ककसी सममया का कोई
वविेष उत्ति नहीं है;
• पूछताछ मवाभाववक है। सममयाग्रमत स्मथनत या पहेली का
सामना किने पि हम सभी अक्सि पूछताछ किते हैं;
ASSUMPTIONS OF THE MODEL
• एक व्यस्क्त को िांच की प्रकिया के ललए उत्तिदायी बनाया िा सकता है।
उसे अपनी सोच की िणनीनतयों का ववश्लेषण किने के ललए सीखने के
ललए बनाया िा सकता है;
• एक व्यस्क्त को पहले से ही िो कु छ भी ज्ञात है, उसके अलावा, उसे चीिों
को िानने औि िानने के ललए नई िणनीनतयााँ लसखाई िा सकती हैं;
• िांच प्रकिया एक सहकािी प्रयास है। यह हमेिा ववचािों के 'देने औि लेने'
से सुगम होता है।
• An individual can be made amenable to the process of
inquiry. He can be made to learn to analyse his
thinking strategies;
• In addition to what is already known to an individual, he may
be taught the new strategies to enquire and explore things;
• The inquiry process is a co-operative effort. It is
always facilitated by the ‘give and take’ of ideas.
• छात्रों के बीच अमपष्टता को सहन किने की क्षमता
ववकलसत किने के ललए;
• छात्रों को ज्ञान की अमथायी प्रकृ नत को समझने के
ललए; तथा
• छात्रों में िचनात्मकता की भावना ववकलसत किना।
• To develop among students the ability to
tolerate ambiguity;
• To make students understand the tentative nature
of knowledge; and
• To develop the spirit of creativity among students.
OBJECTIVES OF THE MODEL
• To develop the scientific process skills;
• To develop among students the strategies for
creative inquiry;
• To develop among students independence or
autonomy in learning;
• वैज्ञाननक प्रकिया कौिल ववकलसत किने के ललए;
• िचनात्मक पूछताछ के ललए छात्रों के बीच िणनीनत
ववकलसत किना;
• सीखने में छात्रों की मवतंत्रता या मवायत्तता के बीच
ववकास किना;
1. Focus: The goal of this model is to help
students develop the intellectual discipline and
skills necessary to raise questions and search
out answers streaming from their curiosity;
फोकस: इस मॉडल का लक्ष्य छात्रों को बौद्धधक अनुिासन
औि कौिल ववकलसत किने में मदद किने के ललए
आवश्यक है ताकक वे सवाल उठा सकें औि अपनी स्िज्ञासा
से िवाब देने वाले उत्ति खोि सकें ;
ELEMENTS OF INQUIRY
TRAINING MODEL
लसंटेक्स: इंक्वायिी ट्रेननंग मॉडल के पांच चिण हैं-
चिण 1 सममया का सामना
चिण 2 डेटा एकत्रीकिण (सत्यापन)
चिण 3 डेटा इकट्ठा किना (प्रयोग)
चिण 4 आयोिन, एक मपष्टीकिण तैयाि किना
चिण 5 िांच प्रकिया का ववश्लेषण
1. Syntax: the Inquiry Training Model has five phases-
 Phase 1 Confrontation with the problem
 Phase 2 Data Gathering (Verification)
 Phase 3 Data Gathering (Experimentation)
 Phase 4 Organising, formulating an Explanation
 Phase 5 Analysis of the Inquiry Process
3. Social System: Inquiry Training model
provides high weight to the controlling of
social system. Teacher and students, however
participate as equals where exchange of ideas
is concerned;
सामास्िक प्रणाली: पूछताछ प्रलिक्षण मॉडल सामास्िक
प्रणाली के ननयंत्रण के ललए उच्च विन प्रदान किता है।
लिक्षक औि छात्र, हालांकक समान के रूप में भाग लेते हैं
िहां ववचािों का आदान-प्रदान होता है;
प्रनतकिया के लसद्धांत:
यह सुननस्श्चत किना कक प्रश्नों को हल ककया गया है ताकक
उन्हें or हां ’या; नहीं’ में उत्ति ददया िा सके ;
ELEMENTS OF INQUIRY
TRAINING MODEL
छात्रों से अमान्य प्रश्नों को कफि से पूछना;
छात्र लसद्धांतों (परिकल्पना) को न तो अनुमोददत किना औि न ही अमवीकाि
किना;
लसद्धांतों के मपष्ट बयान औि सामान्यीकिण के ललए अधधक समथडन के ललए
छात्रों पि दबाव डालना;
छात्रों के बीच बातचीत को प्रोत्सादहत किना।
3. Principles of Reaction:
• Ensuring that questions are phrased so that they can be
answered in ‘Yes’ or ‘No’;
• Asking students to rephrase invalid questions;
• Neither approving nor rejecting student theories (hypotheses);
• Pressing students for clearer statements of theories and more
support for generalizations;
• Encouraging interaction among students.
5. Support System: A set of confronting
materials and resource materials bearing on
the problem for inquiry are needed.
Sometimes the materials are not available.
Teachers will have to develop such
materials;
सपोटड लसमटम: पूछताछ के ललए सममया का सामना
किने वाली सामग्री औि संसाधन सामग्री का एक सेट
आवश्यक है। कभी-कभी सामग्री उपलब्ध नहीं होती है।
लिक्षकों को ऐसी सामग्री ववकलसत किनी होगी;
INQUIRY
TRAINING
MODEL
अनुप्रयोग: इस मॉडल को प्राकृ नतक ववज्ञान के साथ िुरू किने
के ललए ववकलसत ककया गया था, लेककन इसकी प्रकियाओं का
उपयोग सभी ववषय क्षेत्रों में ककया िा सकता है। पाठ्यिम
क्षेत्र से कोई भी घटना ववषय, स्िसे एक सममया की स्मथनत में
परिवनतडत ककया िा सकता है, को िांच प्रलिक्षण के ललए चुना
िा सकता है।
5. Application: This model was developed for
natural science to start with, but its procedures
can be used in all subject areas. Any event topic
from a curriculum area, which can be converted
into a problem situation, can be selected for
inquiry training.
ADVANTAGES OF INQUIRY
TRAINING MODEL• It develops the scientific process skills;
• It develops among students the strategies for creative
inquiry;
• It develops among students independence or autonomy in
learning;
• It develops among students the ability to tolerate
ambiguity;
• It make students understand the tentative nature of
knowledge; and
• It develops the spirit of creativity among students.
LIMITATIONS OF
INQUIRY
TRAINING MODEL• This model does not help in teaching primary content or
subject matter, for example, ne concepts and formula;
• If the information about the puzzle is not presented in the
form of a problem requiring explanation, the student cannot
effectively arrive at generalisation through inquiry. In such
cases simulation may be more useful;
• It cannot be applied to puzzles which do not have a
cause-effect relationship.
CONCLUSION
A model of teaching is basically designed to achieve a
particular set of objectives. It is not a substitute to teaching
skill; rather, it creates conducive teaching- learning
environment in which teachers teach more effectively, by
making the teaching act more systematic and efficient.
The Inquiry Training model promotes the processing skills
which are helpful for inquiring. The process skills therefore
include the observing, collecting and organising data,
identifying the variables in a situation, formulating hypothesis
based on cause-effect relationship, experimenting or
otherwise listing the hypothesis, inferring and drawing
conclusions.
REFRENC
ES
Advance Educational
Technology
Models of Teaching
• Chandra, SS &
Sharma, R.N
• Joyce, Bruce &
Weil, Masha
• Rather, AR Creativity: It’s Recognition &
Development
Encyclopaedia of Educational
Technology: VOLUM- 1
• Singh, YK;
Sharma, TK &
Upadhya, Brijesh
Richards suchman's  inquiry training model

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Richards suchman's inquiry training model

  • 1. By Dr. Abhishek Srivastava Richard Suchman’s INQUIRY TRAINING MODEL
  • 2. This model was designed by Richard Suchman to teach students to engage in casual reasoningand to become more fluent and precise in asking questions, building concepts and hypotheses, and testing them. इस मॉडल को रिचडड सुचमन द्वािा छात्रों को आकस्ममक तकड में संलग्न होने औि प्रश्न पूछने, अवधािणाओं का ननमाडण किने औि परिकल्पना किने औि उनका पिीक्षण किने के ललए अधधक धािाप्रवाह औि सटीक बनने के ललए डडजाइन ककया गया था। इंक्वायिी लननिंग छात्रों को उन प्रकियाओं को अनुभव किने औि हालसल किने का अवसि प्रदान किता है स्िसके माध्यम से वे दुननया के बािे में िानकािी एकत्र कि सकते हैं। इसके ललए सीखने वाले, लिक्षक, अध्ययन के क्षेत्र, उपलब्ध संसाधनों औि सीखने के माहौल के बीच उच्च मति की सहभाधगता की आवश्यकता होती है, छात्र सीखने की प्रकिया में सकिय रूप से िालमल हो िाते हैं: Inquiry learning provides opportunities for students to experience and acquire processes through which they can gather information about theworld. This requires a high level of interaction among the learner, the teacher, area of study, available resources, and the learning environment, students become actively involved in the learning process as they: INQUIRY TRAINING MODEL
  • 3. • Act upon their curiosity and interests; • Develop questions; • Think their way through controversies or dilemmas; • Look at problems analytically; • Inquire into their preconceptions and what they already know; • Develop, clarify and test hypotheses; • Draw inferences and generate possible solutions. • उनकी जिज्ञासा और रुजियों पर कायय; • प्रश्न जिकजसत करना; • जििादों या दुजिधाओं के माध्यम से अपना रास्ता सोिें; • समस्याओं को जिश्लेषणात्मक रूप से देखें; • उनकी पूिय धारणाओं में पूछताछ करें और िे पहले से ही क्या िानते हैं; • पररकल्पना का जिकास, स्पष्ट और परीक्षण करना; • संदर्य बनाएं और संर्ाजित समाधान उत्पन्न करें।
  • 4. • All knowledge is tentative; • Most of the problems are amenable to several equally plausible explanations. There is no one particular answer to a problem; • Inquiry is natural. All of us often inquire when confronted with a problematic situation or puzzle; • सभी ज्ञान अमथायी है; • अधधकांि सममयाएं कई समान रूप से प्रिंसनीय मपष्टीकिणों के ललए उत्तिदायी हैं। ककसी सममया का कोई वविेष उत्ति नहीं है; • पूछताछ मवाभाववक है। सममयाग्रमत स्मथनत या पहेली का सामना किने पि हम सभी अक्सि पूछताछ किते हैं; ASSUMPTIONS OF THE MODEL
  • 5. • एक व्यस्क्त को िांच की प्रकिया के ललए उत्तिदायी बनाया िा सकता है। उसे अपनी सोच की िणनीनतयों का ववश्लेषण किने के ललए सीखने के ललए बनाया िा सकता है; • एक व्यस्क्त को पहले से ही िो कु छ भी ज्ञात है, उसके अलावा, उसे चीिों को िानने औि िानने के ललए नई िणनीनतयााँ लसखाई िा सकती हैं; • िांच प्रकिया एक सहकािी प्रयास है। यह हमेिा ववचािों के 'देने औि लेने' से सुगम होता है। • An individual can be made amenable to the process of inquiry. He can be made to learn to analyse his thinking strategies; • In addition to what is already known to an individual, he may be taught the new strategies to enquire and explore things; • The inquiry process is a co-operative effort. It is always facilitated by the ‘give and take’ of ideas.
  • 6. • छात्रों के बीच अमपष्टता को सहन किने की क्षमता ववकलसत किने के ललए; • छात्रों को ज्ञान की अमथायी प्रकृ नत को समझने के ललए; तथा • छात्रों में िचनात्मकता की भावना ववकलसत किना। • To develop among students the ability to tolerate ambiguity; • To make students understand the tentative nature of knowledge; and • To develop the spirit of creativity among students. OBJECTIVES OF THE MODEL
  • 7. • To develop the scientific process skills; • To develop among students the strategies for creative inquiry; • To develop among students independence or autonomy in learning; • वैज्ञाननक प्रकिया कौिल ववकलसत किने के ललए; • िचनात्मक पूछताछ के ललए छात्रों के बीच िणनीनत ववकलसत किना; • सीखने में छात्रों की मवतंत्रता या मवायत्तता के बीच ववकास किना;
  • 8. 1. Focus: The goal of this model is to help students develop the intellectual discipline and skills necessary to raise questions and search out answers streaming from their curiosity; फोकस: इस मॉडल का लक्ष्य छात्रों को बौद्धधक अनुिासन औि कौिल ववकलसत किने में मदद किने के ललए आवश्यक है ताकक वे सवाल उठा सकें औि अपनी स्िज्ञासा से िवाब देने वाले उत्ति खोि सकें ; ELEMENTS OF INQUIRY TRAINING MODEL
  • 9. लसंटेक्स: इंक्वायिी ट्रेननंग मॉडल के पांच चिण हैं- चिण 1 सममया का सामना चिण 2 डेटा एकत्रीकिण (सत्यापन) चिण 3 डेटा इकट्ठा किना (प्रयोग) चिण 4 आयोिन, एक मपष्टीकिण तैयाि किना चिण 5 िांच प्रकिया का ववश्लेषण 1. Syntax: the Inquiry Training Model has five phases-  Phase 1 Confrontation with the problem  Phase 2 Data Gathering (Verification)  Phase 3 Data Gathering (Experimentation)  Phase 4 Organising, formulating an Explanation  Phase 5 Analysis of the Inquiry Process
  • 10. 3. Social System: Inquiry Training model provides high weight to the controlling of social system. Teacher and students, however participate as equals where exchange of ideas is concerned; सामास्िक प्रणाली: पूछताछ प्रलिक्षण मॉडल सामास्िक प्रणाली के ननयंत्रण के ललए उच्च विन प्रदान किता है। लिक्षक औि छात्र, हालांकक समान के रूप में भाग लेते हैं िहां ववचािों का आदान-प्रदान होता है; प्रनतकिया के लसद्धांत: यह सुननस्श्चत किना कक प्रश्नों को हल ककया गया है ताकक उन्हें or हां ’या; नहीं’ में उत्ति ददया िा सके ; ELEMENTS OF INQUIRY TRAINING MODEL
  • 11. छात्रों से अमान्य प्रश्नों को कफि से पूछना; छात्र लसद्धांतों (परिकल्पना) को न तो अनुमोददत किना औि न ही अमवीकाि किना; लसद्धांतों के मपष्ट बयान औि सामान्यीकिण के ललए अधधक समथडन के ललए छात्रों पि दबाव डालना; छात्रों के बीच बातचीत को प्रोत्सादहत किना। 3. Principles of Reaction: • Ensuring that questions are phrased so that they can be answered in ‘Yes’ or ‘No’; • Asking students to rephrase invalid questions; • Neither approving nor rejecting student theories (hypotheses); • Pressing students for clearer statements of theories and more support for generalizations; • Encouraging interaction among students.
  • 12. 5. Support System: A set of confronting materials and resource materials bearing on the problem for inquiry are needed. Sometimes the materials are not available. Teachers will have to develop such materials; सपोटड लसमटम: पूछताछ के ललए सममया का सामना किने वाली सामग्री औि संसाधन सामग्री का एक सेट आवश्यक है। कभी-कभी सामग्री उपलब्ध नहीं होती है। लिक्षकों को ऐसी सामग्री ववकलसत किनी होगी; INQUIRY TRAINING MODEL
  • 13. अनुप्रयोग: इस मॉडल को प्राकृ नतक ववज्ञान के साथ िुरू किने के ललए ववकलसत ककया गया था, लेककन इसकी प्रकियाओं का उपयोग सभी ववषय क्षेत्रों में ककया िा सकता है। पाठ्यिम क्षेत्र से कोई भी घटना ववषय, स्िसे एक सममया की स्मथनत में परिवनतडत ककया िा सकता है, को िांच प्रलिक्षण के ललए चुना िा सकता है। 5. Application: This model was developed for natural science to start with, but its procedures can be used in all subject areas. Any event topic from a curriculum area, which can be converted into a problem situation, can be selected for inquiry training.
  • 14. ADVANTAGES OF INQUIRY TRAINING MODEL• It develops the scientific process skills; • It develops among students the strategies for creative inquiry; • It develops among students independence or autonomy in learning; • It develops among students the ability to tolerate ambiguity; • It make students understand the tentative nature of knowledge; and • It develops the spirit of creativity among students.
  • 15. LIMITATIONS OF INQUIRY TRAINING MODEL• This model does not help in teaching primary content or subject matter, for example, ne concepts and formula; • If the information about the puzzle is not presented in the form of a problem requiring explanation, the student cannot effectively arrive at generalisation through inquiry. In such cases simulation may be more useful; • It cannot be applied to puzzles which do not have a cause-effect relationship.
  • 16. CONCLUSION A model of teaching is basically designed to achieve a particular set of objectives. It is not a substitute to teaching skill; rather, it creates conducive teaching- learning environment in which teachers teach more effectively, by making the teaching act more systematic and efficient. The Inquiry Training model promotes the processing skills which are helpful for inquiring. The process skills therefore include the observing, collecting and organising data, identifying the variables in a situation, formulating hypothesis based on cause-effect relationship, experimenting or otherwise listing the hypothesis, inferring and drawing conclusions.
  • 17. REFRENC ES Advance Educational Technology Models of Teaching • Chandra, SS & Sharma, R.N • Joyce, Bruce & Weil, Masha • Rather, AR Creativity: It’s Recognition & Development Encyclopaedia of Educational Technology: VOLUM- 1 • Singh, YK; Sharma, TK & Upadhya, Brijesh