This presentation covers topics to describe what is blue hydrogen, how it is different , methods of producing it, economics feasibility, and its applications.

1.  Topic : Production of Blue Hydrogen
from Biomethane and its Applications.

2. Contents:-
1. Demand of Hydrogen
2. What is Blue Hydrogen ?
3. Methods to produce Blue Hydrogen(SMR, ATR)
4. Steam methane reforming (SMR)
5. Flow diagram with CCS
6. CCS Methods (MDEA , VPSA)
7. Economics Feasibilty / Challenges
8. Transportation
o Applications
CCS Utilization ,
Extent of CCS

3.  Demand of Hydrogen:-
 India’s hydrogen demand in 2020 is
roughly estimated to 6 MMT per
annum.
https://wri-india.org/blog/hydrogen-application-indian-fertilizer-industry-
introduction
 Expected demand increase is about 4-5
times.
 https://auto.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/industry/commodit
y-price-hike-may-slowdown-indias-hydrogen-consumption-goals-
report/91344206

4. What is Blue Hydrogen ?
Green
Hydrogen:-
• Produced using Electrolysis.
• Reaction :
• 2H₂O(l) + 2e⁻ → 2H₂(g) +
O₂(g)
• No CO2 emitted
 Blue
Hydrogen :-
• Produced using Natural
gas.
• Reaction:
• CH₄(g) + H₂O(g) → 3H₂(g)
+ CO₂(g)
• CO2 is captured using CCS
tech.
 Grey
Hydrogen:-
• Produced using Natural
gas.
• Reaction:
• CH₄(g) + H₂O(g) →
3H₂(g) + CO₂(g)
• CO2 is emitted. No CCS is
used.

5. Methods
to
produce
Blue
Hydrogen.
Steam Methane
Reforming (SMR) with
CCS
Autothermal Reforming
(ATR) with CCS

6. A. Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) with
CCS :-
 Reaction
CH4 + H2O 3H2 + CO (H)298 = 206 kJ/mol
CO + H2O CO2 + H2 (H)298 = - 41.1 kJ/mol {WGS}
 Parameters
Temp. = 700°C – 900°C
Press. = 20 – 40 Bar
 Steam-to-Carbon Ratio (S/C) { 2:3 }
 Catalysts (Ni, Co, Ru) based catalysts

7.  Flow Diagram for SMR using CCS :-

8.  Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Methods :-
Why important ?
 M.D.E.A.
 Methyl Di-ethanol Amine.
 Advantages :
• Selectivity
• Versatility
• Regenerability
• Low Energy Requirements
 V.P.S.A.
 Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption.
 Advantages :
• Low Operating Costs
• Continuous Operation
• Adaptability

9. M.D.E.A.
V.P.S.A.

10.  Economic
Feasibility:
 Carbon capture, specifically in the
context of blue hydrogen
production, can increase the cost
of hydrogen compared to grey
hydrogen due to several factors:

11. Challenges :-
Carbon Capture
and Storage (CCS)
Energy
Requirements
Maintenance Costs CO2 Storage Costs
Risk and
Uncertainty
Initial Capital
Investment

12.  Transportation:-
The storage options that are under consideration includes :-
Liquid organic
hydrogen
Pressurized
gaseous
hydrogen,
Cryogenic
liquefied
hydrogen,
Carbonaceous
materials
hydrogen,
Metal alloy
hydrogen,
Complex
hydride
hydrogen,
Glass
microspheres
hydrogen,

13.  Applications :-
 Blue Hydrogen’s application holds
vast potential across diverse
sectors, including energy,
industry, and transportation, as a
crucial step toward a sustainable,
low-carbon future.

14. Applications:
A.) CCS Utilisation :-
 CCS utilisation has the potential to turn CO2
emissions into valuable resources:

15. Extent of CCS
utilisation :-