B.A. I SEM -II

1. Gondwana University, Gadchiroli
Mahatma Gandhi Arts Science And Late N.P. Commerce
College, Armori Dist. Gadchiroli
department of geography
b.a.i sem – ii
SUBJECT- climatology
Topic-
Elements of weather & Climatology
Presented By
Dr. Vijay P. Gorde
Assistant Professor of Geography
M.A. B.Ed., NET, Ph.D.

2. iz”u %& gok vkf.k gokeku ;krhy Qjd Li’V djk-
mRrj %& okrkoj.kkpk vH;kl djr vlrkauk gok vkf.k gokeku gs nksUgh “kCn ,dkp vFkhZ okij.;kph pwd gks.;kph
“kD;rk vlrs- gs nksUgh “kCn osxosxGs vlwu R;kps vFkZ osxosxGs vkgs-
gok %&** ,[kkn;k fof”k’V fBdk.kh fof”k’B osGh okrkoj.kkph th fLFkrh vlrs rhyk gok vls Eg.krkr-** **
dks.kR;kgh fBdk.kh vYidkG vl.kk&;k okrkoj.kkP;k fLFkfrps o.kZu Eg.kts gok gks;-**
gok gh lrr cny.kkjh vlrs- Eg.kwu ,[kkn;k fBdk.kh vktph gok ghp mn;kyk jkghy vls ukgh- rj rh
osxosxGh vlw “kdrs- mnk- ,[kkn;k fBdk.kh ,[kkn;k fno”kh ldkGh vkdk”k LoPN vlsy rkieku deh vlsy gosph
gkypky lkodk”k o ean okjk vlsy rj R;k gosP;k fLFkrhps o.kZu gokvkYgknnk;d vkgs* v”kk “kCnkr dsys tkrs- rj
okrkoj.kkr ;k fo:/n ifjfLFkrh fuekZ.k >kY;kl gosps o.kZu *vfr”k; okbZV gok* vls vki.k djrks-
gokeku %&
** dks.kR;kgh fBdk.kh nSufnu gosps vusd o’kZ lrr fujh{k.k d:u okrkoj.kkP;k fn?kZdkyhu ifjfLFkrhph th ljkljh
dk<ysyh vlrs- rh ljkljh Eg.kts gokeku gks;-**
^^ okrkoj.kkP;k fn?kZdkyhu ifjfLFkrhpk dk<ysyk ljkljh vk<kok Eg.kts gokeku gks;-**
,[kkn;k fBdk.kh rkieku o itZU; fn?kZdkGklkBh tkLr vk<GY;kl rsFkhy gokeku m’.k o neV vkgs- vls Eg.krkr-
i`Fohoj fujfujkG;k izns”kkr fujfujkG;k izdkjps gokeku vk<Grs- ,[kkn;k fBdk.kps gokeku fuf”pr dj.;klkBh rsFks
lk/kkj.ki.ks 30 rs 35 o’kZ gosps lrr fujh{k.k dj.ks vko”;d vkgs- gosph fLFkrh gh ,dk foolkr cny.kkjh vlsrs- rj
gosP;k rqyusr gokeku gs vf/kd LFkk;h Lo:ikps vlrs-

3. iz”u %& gosph vaxs Li’V djk
mRrj %& dks.kR;kgh fBdk.kP;k gosps o.kZu djrkauk rkieku] ok;wHkkj] okjs] vknzZrk] <x] o`’Vh] n`’;rk gs eqyHkwr ?kVd
gosP;k izeq[k vaxke/;s egRokps ekuys tkrkr-
1- rkieku %&
lw;kZiklwu fu?kkysY;k fdj.kkaiklwu izFker% Hkwi`’B rkirs rkiysY;k Hkwi`’BkP;k laidkZeqGs gospk lokZr [kkypk
Fkj rkirks- rks rkiY;kuarj R;kP;k ojpk gospk Fkj rkirks- ;keqGs lw;Zfdj.ks izR;{k okrkoj.kkrwu ;sr vlyh rjh gok
R;kP;kiklwu izR;{k rkir ukgh- rh [kkyP;k Fkjkiklwu ojP;k FkjkdMs rkir tkrs- Eg.kwu gosps rkieku Hkwi`’BktoG tkLr
rj tkLr maphP;k izns”kkr deh vlrs- leqnzlikVhiklwu gosps rkieku 1600eh- maphyk 10ls-xzs- us deh gksrs- ¼ 300 QwVyk
10QWjugkbV ;k izek.ks deh gksr tkrs-½
2- gospk nkc @ ok;wHkkj %&
brj ok;w inkFkkZ izek.ks gosyk otu vkgs- gospk nkc gk lseh] bap] ehyhckj ;k osxosxG;k ifjek.kkr ekstyk tkrks- ok<R;k
maphuwlkj nj fdehyk ok;wHkkj 100 ehfyckj us deh gksrks- loZ lk/kkj.ki.ks leqnzlikVhoj vlrks-
lkSj”kDrh] i`Fohps LokaxifjHkze.k ;kpk ok;wHkkjkoj ifj.kke gksrks- ;kf”kok; tehu vkf.k ik.;kP;k fHkUu
foHkkx.kheqGs ok;wHkkjkr fHkUurk vk<Grks- ok;wHkkjkps ekiu dj.;klkBh funzo ok;wHkkjekih] QksVhZupk ok;wHkkjekid o ok;wHkkj
vkys[kh b- midj.kkapk okij dsyk tkrks-
3- okjs %&
gospk Hkkj gk osxosxG;k fBdk.kh deh tkLr vlY;kps vk<Grs- T;kosGh gok tkLr HkkjkP;k izns”kkdMwu deh HkkjkP;k
izns”kkdMs okgw ykxrks- ok&;kph fn”kk usgeh Hkkj izns”kkoj voyacwu vlrs- rlsp ok&;kpk osx gosP;k nkckP;k Qjdkoj voyacwu vlrks-
gk Qjd tkLr vlsy rj ok&;kpk osx tkLr vlrks-

4. 4- vknzZrk %&
ck’i gk okrkoj.kkpk ,d egRokpk ?kVd vkgs- T;koj gosph vknzZrk voyacwu vlrs- ck’ikps izek.k thrds tkLr
vlsy R;kizek.ks gosph vknZzrk tkLr vlrs- vknzZrsps izek.k gs rkiekukoj voyacwu vlrs- dkj.k rkieku ok<Y;kl gosph
ck’i xzg.k dj.;kph “kDrh ok<rs- o gosph lkis{k vknzzZrk thrdh tkLr frrdh gok vf/kd neV vlrs-
5- n`’;rk %&
ikÅl iMr vlrkauk rlsp /kwds iMysys vlrkauk okrkoj.k /kwlj gksÅu dks.krhgh oLrw fnlr ukgh- ;kyk n`’;rk deh
gkss.ks vls Eg.krkr-
6- o`’Vh %&
vknzZ gosps rkieku dkgh dkj.kkus deh >kys rj R;kph ck’i/kkj.k “kDrh deh gksrs- tkLr vlysY;k
ck’ikps lkanzhHkou gksÅu R;kps o`’Vhr :ikarj.k gksrs- lkanzhHkoukph fdz;k gksr vlrkauk rkieku xksB.kfcanwP;k
[kkyh xsY;kl fgeo`’Vh gksrs- tj rkieku xksB.kfcanwP;k ¼ 00 P;k ½ oj vlsy rj lkanzhHkou gksÅu ikÅl
iMrks-
7- <x %&
<xkaps vusd izdkj vlwu rs osxosxG;k maphoj vk<Grkr- dkgh osGsl laiw.kZ vkdk”k vkHkzkPNknhr
fdaok <xkGysys vlrs- rj dkgh osGsl <xkaps izek.k deh vlrs- ;k <xkaP;k vf/kdrseqGs cnykeqGs ¼deh tkLr
izek.k½ d/kh d/kh gok yodj FkaMgh gksÅ “kdr ukgh-
ojhy ?kVdkaf”kok; gosP;k ?kVdkae/;s fotk] oknGs] xkjk bZ- pk vH;kl dsyk tkrks- gs loZ izdkj
vYidkGklkBh vk<Gwu vlY;kus R;kpk lekos”k gosP;k ?kVdke/;s dsyk tkrks-