B.A.I SEM -II CLIMATOLOGY Gondwana University, Gadchiroli

1. Gondwana University, Gadchiroli
Mahatma Gandhi Arts, Science And Late N.P. Commerce College,
Armori Dist. Gadchiroli
department of geography
b.a.i sem – ii
SUBJECT- climatology
• UNIT –II
• Topic -
Temperature ( rkieku )
Presented By
Dr. Vijay P. Gorde
Assistant Professor of Geography
M.A. B.Ed., NET, Ph.D.

2. rkieku Eg.kts dk; rkiekukP;k forj.kkoj ifj.kke dj.kkjs ?kVd- o
rkiekukps forj.k Li’V djk-
rkieku Temperature :-
gokekukP;k vH;klkr gosps rkieku gk vR;ar egRokpk ?kVd vkgs- gosP;k rkiekukoj
ok;wHkkj okjs vkf.k vknZzrk b- okrkoj.kkrhy vfo’dkj voyacwu vlrkr- gosps rkieku gs
loZ= lkj[ks jkgr ukgh- LFkGkuqlkj vkf.k dkGkuqlkj gs cnyr tkrs- okrkoj.kkyk
Hkwi`’Bkiklwu HkkSfrd ÅtkZ feGrs vkf.k okrkoj.k rkirs-
i`Fohoj o frP;kojhy okrkoj.kkyk m’.krk feG.;kps lq;Z gs izeq[k mRiRrh
LFkku vkgs- ;k lq;kZP;k i`’BHkkxkiklwu eksB;k izek.kkoj m’.krsps mRltZu gksrs-
• O;k[;k %&
** lq;kZiklqu fu?k.kk&;k lq;Zfdj.kkeqGs i`FohP;k i`’BHkkxkyk m’.krk feGrs- R;k
m’.krsus Hkwi`’B rkiwu R;kyk ykxwu vlysys gosps Fkj mRltZukus rkirkr- okrkoj.kkrhy
gosr vl.kk&;k m’.krsph ekst.kh dsY;kl R;kyk *rkieku* vls Eg.krkr-**

3. • gosP;k rkiekukps egRo %&
• 1- gosP;k rkiekukoj gospk nkc voyacwu vlrks tsFks rkieku tkLr rsFks nkc
deh o tsFks rkieku deh rsFks gospk nkc vf/kd vlrks-
• 2- gosP;k rkiekukpk ifj.kke vknZzrsoj gksrks- rkiekukoj gosph ck’i /kkj.k
“kDrh voyacwu vlrs- gosps rkieku ok<Y;kl ck’i/kkj.k “kDrh ok<rs o
rkieku deh >kY;kl ck’i/kkj.k “kDrh deh gksrs-
• 3- lkaanzhHkoukph fdz;k gh gosP;k rkiekukoj voyacwu vlrs- ck’i;qDr gosps
rkieku deh gksr xsY;kl ,dk fof”k’V rkiekukoj rh ck’i;qDr gosps rkieku
vk.k[kh deh >kY;kl lkanzhHkoukph fdz;k gksrs-
• 4- gosyk osxosxG;k izdkjs m’.krk feGr vlyh rjh eq[;r% lw;kZiklqu gosyk
m’.krk feGrs iajrq izR;{k lw;Zfdj.kkus izFke Hkwi`’B rkirs o uarj laidkZus gok
rkirs- lq:okrhyk Hkwi`’Bkyk Hkwi`’BkP;k ykxwu vlysys gosps Fkj rkirkr o uarj
ogu o vfHklj.k fdz;sus gok rkir tkrs-

4. • gosP;k rkiekukoj ifj.kke dj.kkjs ?kVd %&
1- v{kka”k
• 2- leqnz likVhiklwuph maph
• 3- leqnzkiklwups varj ¼ leqnz lkfu/; ½
• 4- izpfyr okjs
• 5- leqnz izokg
• 6- ouLirh] vkHkzkPNknhr vkdk”k o itZU;
• 7- tfefupk mrkj o izdkj
1- v{kka”k Latitudes %&
• fo’kqoo`Rrkiklwu tltls mRrjsdMs fdaok
nf{k.ksdMs xsY;kl rkieku dehdeh gksrkuk
vk<Gwu ;srs- dkj.k lw;kZiklwu fu?kkysyh
lw;Zfdj.ks ijLijkauk lekarj vlyh rjh
i`FohP;k odzkdkji.kkeqGs fo’kqoo`Rrkoj
yac:ikus iMrkr- rj brj= frjih iMrkr

5. • ojhy vkd`fre/;s x o y ;k lkj[;kp :anhP;k fdj.k “kykdk vlwu m’.krk ns.;kph R;kph “kDrh lkj[khp
vkgs- ijarw ;kiSdh x gh fdj.k “kykdk fo’kqooqRrkoj yac:ikus iMrs- rg Y gh fdj.k “kykdk map v{kka”kkoj
frjih iMrs- ;k fdj.k “kykdk tfefu”kh tks dksu (<) djrs R;koj R;kaph O;kIrh voyacwu vlrs- Eg.kwup nksUgh
fdj.k “kykdkph :anh lkj[kh vlwugh x fdj.k “kykdk tfefuoj ftrdh tkxk O;kirs R;kis{kk vf/kd tkxk Y
fdj.k “kykdk O;kirs
A.B. tkxsis{kk C, D. tkxspk foLrkj tkLr vkgs- R;keqGs lkj[;kp m’.krsP;k fdj.k “kykdk vlwugh
A.B. gh tfeu C, D. tfefuis{kk vf/kd rkiwu rsFks rkieku tkLr vlrs mPp v{kka”kkoj Y fdj.k “kykdk
frjih iMr vlY;kus fryk okrkoj.kkP;k tkLr Hkkxkrwu tkos ykxrs- vf/kd Hkkxkrwu tkr vlrkauk okrkoj.kkrhy
ck’i /kqyhd.k b- ?kVd frP;krhy m’.krk “kks’kqu ?ksrs- ifj.kkeh frP;k fdj.kkeqGs rkieku deh feGrs ;keqGs
fo’kqoo`Rrkoj rkieku tkLr vlwu mPp v{kka”kkdMs deh&deh gksr tkrs-

6. • 2- leqnz likVhiklwuph maph Altitude%&
okrkoj.kkr gosps Fkj [kkywu oj rkir tkr vlY;kus [kkyP;k Fkjkps rkieku gs
R;kojhy FkjkP;k rkiekukis{kk okgr vlrs- R;keqGs leqnzlikVhiklwu tkLr maphP;k
izns”kkdMs tkr vlrkuk nj 160 eh- maphyk 10cg fdaok 300 QwVkyk 10 ¼QWjugkbZV½ ;k
izek.ks gosps rkieku deh&deh gksr tkrs-
• 3- leqnzkiklwups varj %&
tfeu o ik.kh ;kaps m’.krk xzg.k dj.;kps xq.k/keZ fHkUu vlY;kus R;kpk
ifj.kke gosP;k rkiekukoj gksrks- tfeu yodj rkirs o yodj FkaM gksrs- ik.kh m”khjk
rkirs o m”khjk FkaM gksrs- ;keqGs mUgkGîkr deh rkieku vlysY;k leqnzkr R;ktoGhy
tfeuhps rkieku deh gksrs- ;kmyV fgokGîkr mcnkj leqnzkeqGs R;ktoGhy tfefups
rkieku ok<w “kdr ukgh vFkok fgokG;kr rkieku Qkj deh gksÅ “kdr ukgh- mnk%&
eqacbZ gs “kgj leqnz lkfu/;kr vlY;kus fgokG;krhy o mUgkG;krhy rkiekukr Qkjlk
Qjd iMr ukgh- ;kmyV leqnzkiklwu nwj vlysY;k [kaMkrZxr Hkkxkr leqnzkpk izHkko iksgpw
“kdr ukgh- v”kk Hkkxkr mUgkG;kr tfeu [kwi rkirs o rkieku ok<rs ;kmyV
fgokG;kr tfeu frrdhp yodj FkaM gksrs- R;keqGs rkieku deh gksrs- mnk- tcyiwj gs
“kgj leqnzkiklwu nwj vkgs- rsFks mUgkG;krhy o fgokG;krhy rkiekukr cjkp Qjd
iMrks- mUgkG;krhy rkieku 350 ls-xzs- rj fgokG;krhy rkieku 180 ls-xzs- brds vlrs-

7. • 4- izpfyr okjs Prevailing Winds%&
okjs T;k izns”kkdMwu okgr ;srkr- R;kizek.ks R;kapk ifj.kke rkiekukoj gksr
vlrks- dkj.k okjss vkiY;k xq.k/kekZuqlkj fdaok oSf”k’Vîkuqlkj R;k izns”kkr okgrkr- R;k
izns”kkps xq.k/keZ vkRelkr djrkr- mnk %& m’.k izns”kko:u okg.kkjs okjs m’.k vlrkr- dkj.k
R;k izns”kkrhy rkieku fdaok m’.krk rs xzg.k djrkr vls m’.k okjs FkaM izns”kkdMs okgr
xsY;kl rsFkhy rkieku ok<rs- ;kmyV FkaM izns”kko:u okg.kkjs okjs FkaM vlrkr vls FkaM okjs
m’.k izns”kkdMs okgr vlsy rj rsFkhy rkieku deh gksrs-
• 5- leqnzizokg Ocean Currents%&
leqnzkr m’.k o FkaM izokg okgr vlrkr- R;kpkgh ifj.kke tfeuhojhy
rkiekukoj gksrks- m’.k izokg mPp va{kk”kkdMs Eg.kts FkaM izns”kkdMs okgr vlsy rj
lk/kkj.kr% rsFkhy rkieku ok<rs- ;kmyV mPp v{kka”kkdMwu Eg.ktsp “khr izns”kkdMwu FkaM
izokg fo’kqoo`RrkdMs okgr vlsy rj rsFkhy rkieku deh gksr vlrs- ek= dks.kR;kgh fBdk.kh
leqnz izokgkpk tfefuojhy rkiekukoj ifj.kke gks.;klkBh R;k leqnz izokgko:u tfeuhdMs
okjs okgr ;s.ks vko”;d vkgs dkj.k okjs R;k leqnz izokgkps m’.k o FkaM xq.k/keZ vkRelkr
d:u tfefuoj R;kizek.ks ifj.kke djrkr-

8. • 6- ouLirh @ vkHkzkPNkfnr vkdk”k o itZU; %&
• ouLirh toG lrr ck’ihHkoukph fdz;k pkyw vlY;kus ouLirhus
vkPNknysY;k izns”kkr ck’ikps izek.k tkLr vlrs- rlsp tfefupk Hkkx m?kMk
ulY;kus tkLrhr tkLr m’.krk xzg.k d: “kdr ukgh- R;keqGs ouLirhps nkV
vkPNknu vlysY;k izns”kkr gosps rkieku ok<w “kdr ukgh-
• vkHkzkPNkfnr vkdk”kkeqGs lw;Z fdj.kkP;k ekxkZr vMFkGk ;srks- R;keqGs
lw;Zfdj.ks izR;{k i`FohP;k i`’BHkkxki;Zar iksgpw “kdr ukgh- R;keqGs gosps rkieku
ok<r ukgh- ;kmyV fujHkzvkdk”k vlY;kl rkieku yodj ok<ysys vlrs-
itZU;keqGs gok neV vlrs gosrhy ck’Ik lw;Zfdj.kkiklwu feG.kkjh m’.krk xzg.k
djrs- R;keqGs rkieku ok<w “kdr ukgh- rlsp itZU;keqGs tfeu vksyh gksrs v”kh
vksyh tfeu tkLr m’.krk xzg.k d: “kdr ukgh-

9. • 7- tfeuhpk mrkj o izdkj %&
mapoVîkP;k fBdk.kh nf{k.k
mrkjkoj mRrjsdMhy mrkjkis{kk tkLr rkieku
vlrs- T;k mrkjkoj lw;Zfdj.ks yac :ikus iMr
vlsy rsFks feG.kk&;k rkiekukps izek.k tkLr
vlrs ;k myV map oVîkP;k T;k Hkkxkoj lw;Z
fdj.ks frjih iMr vlsy R;k Hkkxkoj
feG.kk&;k lkSj”kDrhps izek.k deh vlrs-
R;keqGs R;k fBdk.kh gosps rkieku deh
vlysys vk<Gwu ;srs-
• i`Fohojhy tfeuhpk vH;kl dsY;kl rh
osxosxG;k izdkjph vlY;kps y{kkr ;srs-
mnk%& dkgh fBdk.kh tfeu dkGîk jaxkph
rj dkgh fBdk.kh yky jaxkph rj d/kh
fpdu ekrh rj dkgh fBdk.kh okywdke;
e`nk vlysyh fnlwu ;srs- dkgh fBdk.kh
dksjMh rj dkgh fBdk.kh vksyh e`nk vlrs-
tfeuhps gs fofo/k izdkj deh vf/kd
izek.kkr m’.krk xzg.k djr vlY;kus rsFkhy
rkiekukrgh Qjd iMrks-