B.A.I SEM -II CLIMATOLOGY Gondwana University, Gadchiroli

1. Gondwana University, Gadchiroli
Mahatma Gandhi Arts, Science And Late N.P.
Commerce College, Armori Dist. Gadchiroli
department of geography
b.a.i sem – ii
SUBJECT- climatology
UNIT –II
Types of winds
ok&;kps izdkj
Presented By
Dr. Vijay P. Gorde
Assistant Professor of Geography
M.A. B.Ed., NET, Ph.D.

2. • ok&;kps izdkj (Classification of Winds)
v½ xzgh; okjs
Planetery Winds %&
1- O;kikjh okjs
2- izfrO;kikjh okjs
3- /kqzoh; okjs
c½ fu;fer okg.kkjs okjs
Periodical Winds:-
1- [kkjs o erybZ okjs
2- Mkasxj o njhrhy okjs
3- eksleh okjs Monsoon Winds
d½ LFkkfud okjs
Local Winds%&
1- fpuwd (Chinooks)
2- QkWu (Fohn)
3- gjeÍu (Harmatten)
4- fljksDdks
5- [kkelhu (Khamsin)
6- cksjk (Bora)
8- feLVªy (Mistral)

3. • v½ xzgh; okjs (Planetery Winds) %&
deh o tkLr ok;wHkkjkP;k iÍ;kP;k vuqjks/kkus i`FohP;k i`’BHkkxkoj
gks.kk&;k gosP;k gkypkyhl okjk vls Eg.krkr- rlsp i`Fohoj gosP;k deh tkLr
nkckps iÍs fuekZ.k >kY;keqGs tkLr HkkjkP;k iÍ;kdMwu deh HkkjkP;k iÍ;kdMs okjs
okgrkr- ;k ok&;kauk xzgh; okjs vls Eg.krkr- ;k ok&;kaps ,dw.k rhu miizdkj
ikMys tkrkr- 1- O;kikjh okjs 2- izfrO;kikjh okjs 3- /kqzoh; okjs
• 1- O;kikjh okjs (Trade Winds) %&
nksUgh xksyk/kkZr 250 rs 350 v{ko`RrkaP;k njE;ku iljysY;k tkLr
nkckP;k iÍ;kdMwu fo’kqoo`Rrkojhy deh nkckP;k iÍ;kdMs okg.kk&;k ok&;kuk
O;kikjh okjs(Trade Winds)vls Eg.krkr-
i`FohP;k ifjoyukeqGs gs okjs vkiY;k eqG fn”ksiklwu fopyhr gksrkr-
iajrw R;kaph loZlk/kkj.k fn”kk iwosZdMwu if”pesdMs vlrs- Eg.kwu ;k ok&;kuk iwohZ;
okjs vls Eg.krkr- mRrj xksyk/kkZr gs okjs b”kkU;sdMwu uS_R;sdMs okgr vlY;kus
R;kauk b”kkU; O;kikjh okjs vls Eg.krkr- rj nf{k.k xksyk/kkZr gsp okjs
vkXus;dMwu ok;O;dMs okgr vlY;kus R;kauk vkXus; O;kikjh okjs vls Eg.krkr-
gs nksUgh okjs fo’kqoo`RrktoG “kkar gosP;k iÍP;k toG feGrkr-

4. • O;kikjh okjs m’.k izns”kkdMwu okgr
vlY;kus rs m’.k gksr vlY;keqGs rs
dksjMs vlrkr- R;keqGs R;kaP;kiklwu
lglk ikÅl feGr ukgh- ijarw
fduk&;kojhy jkaxko:u oj p<rkauk
;kaP;kiklwu Dofprp ikÅl iMrks- gs okjs
o’kZHkj usgeh o ,dlkj[ks okg.kkjs okjs
vkgs- ;k ok&;kpk rk”kh osx 16 rs 24 fd-
eh- brdk vlrks- gs okjs leqnzko:u
osxkus okgr vlwu mUgkG;kis{kk
fgokG;kr rs vf/kd tksjkus okgrkr-

5. 2- izfrO;kikjh okjs (Antitrade Winds) %&
izfrO;kikjh okjs nksUgh xksyk/kkZr 250 rs 350 v{ko`RrkP;k njE;ku
iljysY;k tkLr nkckP;k iÍ;kdMwu 600v{ko`RrkP;k toG vlysY;k gosP;k deh
nkckP;k iÍ;kdMs ts okjs okgrkr R;kauk izfrO;kikjh okjs vls Eg.krkr- ;k ok&;kP;k
eqG fn”ksoj ifj.kke gksÅu R;kph loZlk/kkj.k fn”kk if”pesdMwu iwosZdMs vlrs- R;keqGs
;k ok&;kuk if”peh okjs vls Eg.krkr-
mRrj xksyk/kkZr gs okjs uS_R;dMwu b”kkU;sdMs okgr vlY;kus mRrj xksyk/kkZr
R;kuk uS_R; izfrO;kikjh okjs vls Eg.krkr- rj nf{k.k xksyk/kkZr gsp okjs ok;O;dMwu
vXus;dMs okgrkr- R;keqGs nf{k.k xksyk/kkZr R;kuk ok;O; izfrO;kijh okjs vls Eg.krkr-
izfrO;kikjh ok&;kps oSf”k’V;s %&
• 1- izfrO;kikjh okjs nksUgh xksyk/kkZr 350 rs 400 vkf.k 600 rs 650 va{kk”k ;kP;k
njE;ku okgrkr-
• 2- gs okjs m’.k izns”kkdMwu FkaM izns”kkdMs okgrkr- lkxjko:u [kaMkoj tkrkuk
Hkweh[kaMkP;k if”pe Hkkxkr gs okjs cgwnk o’kZHkj ikÅl nsrkr-
• 3- mRrj xksyk/kkZrhy vkorZ vkf.k izR;korkZpk izfrO;kikjh ok&;kP;k fn”ksoj ifj.kke
gksrks-

6. 4- O;kikjh ok&;kP;k myV fn”ksus okg.kkjs okjs Eg.kqu ;k ok&;kuk izfrO;kikjh okjs vls
uko iMys vkgs-
5- izfrO;kikjh ok&;kph xrh o fn”kk vfuf”pr Lo:ikph vlrs- d/kh gs okjs ean okgrkr-
rj d/kh Hk;kud oknGh :i /kkj.k djrkr-
6- mRrj xksyk/kkZr HkwHkkx tkLr vkgs- R;keqGs izfrO;kikjh ok&;kps Lo:i o xrh
vfu;fer vlrs- nf{k.k xksyk/kkZr lkxjh foHkkx tkLr vkgs- R;keqGs ok&;kl dks.krkgh
vMFkGk ulY;kus izfrO;kikjh okjs 400 rs 600 nf{k.k v{ko`Rrh; foHkkxkr vfr”k;
osxkus okgrkr- 400 nf{k.k v{ko`Rrkik”kh R;kuk xjt.kkjs pkGhl (RoaringForties)
vkf.k 500 v{ko`Rrkik”kh R;kauk [koGysys iUukl (Furies fiftees) vls Eg.krkr-
• 3- /kqzoh; okjs (Polar Easterlies)%&
/kqzoh; tkLr ok;qHkkj izns”kkdMwu deh ok;wHkkj iÍ;kdMs okg.kk&;k
ok&;kuk /kqzoh; okjs vls Eg.krkr- lqekjs 600 rs 800 v{ko`RrkP;k njE;ku gs okjs okgrkr-
rs lkekU;i.ks iwosZdMwu okgrkr Eg.kwu R;kauk /kqzoh; iwohZ; okjs vls Eg.krkr- gs okjs
vfr”k; “khr okjs vlwu R;kapk osx izpM vlrks-

7. • fo’kqoo`Rrh; “kkar iV~Vk ;kcÌy ekfgrh |k-
fo’kqoo`Rrh; “kkar iÍk @ MksYMªEl (Equatorial Belt of Calm)%&
fo’kqoo`Rrh; foHkkxkr o’kkZps ckjkgh efgus lw;Zfdj.k yac:i iMrkr- R;keqGs
gok rkirs o gydh gksowu oj tkrs- f”kok; ;k foHkkxkr ok;wHkkj deh >kY;keqGs mim’.k
dfVca/kh; tkLr nkckP;k iÍ;kdMwu rsFks ;s.kkjh FkaM gok ;k m’.k gosyk lrr oj mpyrs
;k nksUgh dkj.kkeqGs fo’kqoo`Rrh; izns”kkr gosps m/oZxkeh ogu gksrs- R;kyk gosps izokg vls
Eg.krkr- rFkkih ;k izns”kkr ok;wHkkjkpk mrkj vfr”k; ean vlY;keqGs gosps f{krht lekarj
ogu gksr ukgh- Eg.ktsp okjs vfr”k; {kh.k vlrkr- o gok “kakr vlrs- Eg.kwup ;k
iV~V;kyk fo’kqoo`Rrh; “kkariV~Vk fdaok fo’kqoo`Rrh; iM (Doldrams) vls Eg.krkr-
MksYMªE> gh O;kikjh okjs ,d= vkY;koj gok oj mpyyh tk.kkjh tkxk vkgs- ;k okjs ,d=
;s.;kP;k Hkkxkyk m’.kdfVc/kh; dasnzhHkou foHkkx (Inter Tropical Convergence Zone
IT.C.Z.s)izR;{kkr R;k Hkkxkr gospk nkc loZ= leku vlrks o gok ”kkar vlrs-
fo’kqoo`Rrh; “kkar iÍ;kpk foLrkj 50 mRrj rs 50 nf{k.k v{ko`RrkP;k njE;ku
vlrks- _rw uqlkj ;kP;k foLrkjkr dkgh izek.kkr cny gksrks- lw;kZP;k Hkkleku Hkze.kkeqGs gk
“kkar iV~Vk mRrjsl fdaok nf{k.ksl ljdrks R;kpk ifj.kke Eg.kwu twue/;s nf{k.k xksyk/kkZr
vkXus; O;kikjh okjs fo’kqoo`Rr vksykMwu mRrj xksyk/kkZr ;srkr- rsOgk R;kph fn”kk cnyrs o
uS_R; eksleh okjs Hkkjrh; mi[kMkdMs ;srkr-

8. • v”o v{kka”k Eg.kts dk; (Horse Lattitude )
fo’kqoo`Rrh; foHkkxkr m’.kdfVca/kh; dsanzhHkou foHkkx Egtsp ITCZ (Inter Tropical
Convergence Zone) toG gok gydh gksowu oj&oj tkrs- rsFks rh FkaM gksowu [kkyh ;s.;kpk iz;Ru
djrs- ijarw [kkywu gosps v/oZxkeh izokg vfr”k; izHkkoh vlY;keqGs gh gok lrr oj <dyyh tkrs-
o rh rsFks [kkyh ;sow “kdr ukgh- “ksoVh gh gok okrkoj.kkP;k ojP;k Hkkxkrwu nksUgh xksyk/kkZr ¼m-n-½
300 v{ko`Rrki;Zar izokl djrs- o 500 v{ko`Rrh; foHkkxkr rh gGwgGw [kkyh ;srs- FkaM o tM gok
lrr [kkyh ;sr vlY;keqGs 300v{ko`Rrkik”kh nksUgh xksyk/kkZr tkLr ok;wHkkjkps iV~Vs fuekZ.k gksrkr-
tkLr ok;wHkkjkP;k mim’.k dfVca/kh; iV~V;kr gosps v/kksxkeh ogu gksr vlys rjh
izR;{kkr Hkwi`’Bkoj gosps f{krht lekarj ogu gksr ukgh- gok fLFkj o “kkar vlrs- gok FkaM o dksjMh
vlrs vkdk”k LoPN vlrs ijarw okjs ulrkr vls “kkar iV~Vs nksUgh xksyk/kkZr ddZ o edjo`RrkP;k
toGikl fuekZ.k gksrkr- ddZ vkf.k edjo`RrktoGP;k tkLr nkckP;k “kkar iV~V;kyk v”o v{kka”k
vls Eg.krkr-
iwohZ tgktkrwu O;kikj djr vlrkauk R;k dkGh ?kksM;kaP;k O;kikjklkBh ;k foHkkxkrwu
lkxjh izokl dj.kk&;k [kyk”kkauk “kkar iV~V;kr lkiMY;kl izokl dj.ks vR;ar =klkps Bjr vls- ;k
ok&;kP;k vHkkoh fdR;sd fnol tgkts [kksGacwu jkgr vlrs- tgktkoj vUu o ik.kh yodj laiwu
tkow u;s- Eg.kwu O;kikjklkBh ?ksrysY;k ?kksM;kuk uk byktkus leqnzkr yksVwu n;kos ykxr vls-
Eg.kwup mim’.k dfVca/kh; “kkar iV~V;kuk v”o v{kka”k (Horse latitudes) vls uko iMys-