Lobar pneumonia Power Point
โขDownload as PPTX, PDFโข
7 likesโข3,902 views
A 76-year-old female presented with worsening dyspnea, cough producing yellow sputum, subjective fevers and chills, weakness and decreased appetite. Her vital signs and physical exam showed signs of infection. Chest x-rays revealed consolidation in the right middle lobe, suggesting lobar pneumonia. She was treated with oxygen, IV fluids, antibiotics and admitted to the hospital based on her condition.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Pathology of Pneumonia
The document discusses Mr. Turner, a 38-year-old Vietnamese cane farmer who presents to the emergency department with pneumonia, having high fever, shortness of breath, and cough. It lists potential differential diagnoses for his condition and asks questions to further evaluate his medical history and risk factors. The pathogenesis of pneumonia is also briefly outlined, noting how pathogens can enter the lungs and cause inflammation.
tuberculosis - CAVERNOUS TUBERCULOSIS
This document discusses cavernous and fibrous-cavernous forms of pulmonary tuberculosis. Cavernous tuberculosis develops from disseminated tuberculosis and involves the formation of thin-walled cavities. Fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis is a chronic, relapsing disease characterized by the presence of long-standing cavities surrounded by extensive fibrosis. Diagnosis involves identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum along with chest x-ray findings of cavities and fibrosis. Treatment requires a combination of chemotherapy, surgical intervention, and prolonged antibiotic therapy.
Congenital lung anomalies
This document discusses various congenital lung abnormalities including pulmonary agenesis, hypoplasia, cystic malformations, sequestrations, bronchogenic cysts, lymphangiectasia, hernias, and lobar emphysema. It describes the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and management of each condition. Surgical resection is often recommended for localized lesions that are symptomatic or have malignant potential, while supportive care is emphasized for diffuse abnormalities.
Pathology of Pneumonia
Pathology of Pneumonia:
Broncho- pneumonia,
Lobar Pneumonia,
Lung Abscess,
Lung Fungal Absces,
Normal Lung
Please leave a comment after downloading.
THANK YOU ^^
Sarcoidosis
This document provides information on sarcoidosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown cause that most commonly affects the lungs. It discusses the typical presentation and involvement of organs, diagnostic testing including imaging and biopsy findings, differential diagnoses, prognosis, and treatment approaches including corticosteroids as first-line therapy and immunosuppressants for refractory disease. The goal of treatment is to control inflammation and symptoms, with corticosteroids being the mainstay but other agents used if there is no response or for life-threatening disease.
Lung abscess
This document discusses lung abscesses, which occur when microbial infection causes necrosis and cavitation of lung tissue. There are two main types: primary lung abscesses arise from aspiration of oral bacteria and usually affect middle-aged men with risk factors like alcoholism or gastroesophageal reflux; secondary lung abscesses have an underlying cause like obstruction or immunosuppression. Symptoms include fever, cough, and chest pain. Diagnosis involves chest imaging like x-ray or CT scan. Primary abscesses are generally treated with antibiotics like clindamycin or beta-lactam combinations for 3-14 weeks. Secondary abscesses require treatment of the underlying condition as well as antibiotics targeting the identified pathogen. Complications can include recurrence,
Suppurative lung diseases
This document discusses suppurative lung diseases including bronchiectasis, lung abscesses, and empyema with broncho-pleural fistula. It defines the conditions, describes causes, clinical features, investigations, and treatment approaches. Key points include that bronchiectasis is irreversible dilatation of airways leading to infection and damage, lung abscesses begin as areas of pneumonia that progress to cavitation, and empyema is pus in the pleural space that can form a fistula with the bronchial tree through various causes like pneumonia or lung abscess rupture. Treatment involves controlling infections, clearing secretions, and surgery in chronic or complicated cases.
Lung consolidation
This document discusses a case of lung consolidation seen in a patient. It provides definitions and causes of lung consolidation, including pneumonia, malignancy, and infarction. Differential diagnoses for consolidation are discussed. The document also contains sections on carcinoma of the lung, bronchial carcinoma, clinical features, investigations, management, and classifications of pneumonia by pathogen, anatomy, presentation, duration, and environment.
Recommended
Pathology of Pneumonia
The document discusses Mr. Turner, a 38-year-old Vietnamese cane farmer who presents to the emergency department with pneumonia, having high fever, shortness of breath, and cough. It lists potential differential diagnoses for his condition and asks questions to further evaluate his medical history and risk factors. The pathogenesis of pneumonia is also briefly outlined, noting how pathogens can enter the lungs and cause inflammation.
tuberculosis - CAVERNOUS TUBERCULOSIS
This document discusses cavernous and fibrous-cavernous forms of pulmonary tuberculosis. Cavernous tuberculosis develops from disseminated tuberculosis and involves the formation of thin-walled cavities. Fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis is a chronic, relapsing disease characterized by the presence of long-standing cavities surrounded by extensive fibrosis. Diagnosis involves identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum along with chest x-ray findings of cavities and fibrosis. Treatment requires a combination of chemotherapy, surgical intervention, and prolonged antibiotic therapy.
Congenital lung anomalies
This document discusses various congenital lung abnormalities including pulmonary agenesis, hypoplasia, cystic malformations, sequestrations, bronchogenic cysts, lymphangiectasia, hernias, and lobar emphysema. It describes the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and management of each condition. Surgical resection is often recommended for localized lesions that are symptomatic or have malignant potential, while supportive care is emphasized for diffuse abnormalities.
Pathology of Pneumonia
Pathology of Pneumonia:
Broncho- pneumonia,
Lobar Pneumonia,
Lung Abscess,
Lung Fungal Absces,
Normal Lung
Please leave a comment after downloading.
THANK YOU ^^
Sarcoidosis
This document provides information on sarcoidosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown cause that most commonly affects the lungs. It discusses the typical presentation and involvement of organs, diagnostic testing including imaging and biopsy findings, differential diagnoses, prognosis, and treatment approaches including corticosteroids as first-line therapy and immunosuppressants for refractory disease. The goal of treatment is to control inflammation and symptoms, with corticosteroids being the mainstay but other agents used if there is no response or for life-threatening disease.
Lung abscess
This document discusses lung abscesses, which occur when microbial infection causes necrosis and cavitation of lung tissue. There are two main types: primary lung abscesses arise from aspiration of oral bacteria and usually affect middle-aged men with risk factors like alcoholism or gastroesophageal reflux; secondary lung abscesses have an underlying cause like obstruction or immunosuppression. Symptoms include fever, cough, and chest pain. Diagnosis involves chest imaging like x-ray or CT scan. Primary abscesses are generally treated with antibiotics like clindamycin or beta-lactam combinations for 3-14 weeks. Secondary abscesses require treatment of the underlying condition as well as antibiotics targeting the identified pathogen. Complications can include recurrence,
Suppurative lung diseases
This document discusses suppurative lung diseases including bronchiectasis, lung abscesses, and empyema with broncho-pleural fistula. It defines the conditions, describes causes, clinical features, investigations, and treatment approaches. Key points include that bronchiectasis is irreversible dilatation of airways leading to infection and damage, lung abscesses begin as areas of pneumonia that progress to cavitation, and empyema is pus in the pleural space that can form a fistula with the bronchial tree through various causes like pneumonia or lung abscess rupture. Treatment involves controlling infections, clearing secretions, and surgery in chronic or complicated cases.
Lung consolidation
This document discusses a case of lung consolidation seen in a patient. It provides definitions and causes of lung consolidation, including pneumonia, malignancy, and infarction. Differential diagnoses for consolidation are discussed. The document also contains sections on carcinoma of the lung, bronchial carcinoma, clinical features, investigations, management, and classifications of pneumonia by pathogen, anatomy, presentation, duration, and environment.
Pleuresy
The document discusses pleurisy and pleural effusions. It defines the pleura and pleural space, and describes different types of pleural syndromes including dry pleurisy, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, and fibrothorax. Common causes, symptoms, signs, and investigation findings for pleural effusions are outlined. Pleural fluid analysis is described to differentiate exudates from transudates. Differentials are provided for lymphocytic and eosinophilic pleural effusions.
Diagnostic value of pleural effusion
This document discusses pleural effusions, including their mechanism, normal composition, differentiation between transudative and exudative effusions, and causes. It provides details on parapneumonic effusions and empyema, including classification and treatment approaches. Specific conditions discussed in detail include tuberculous pleural effusions, effusions in HIV patients, chylothorax, pseudochylothorax, and malignant pleural effusions. Useful pleural fluid tests are also summarized.
Pleural effusion
Normally, the pleural space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), which acts as a lubricant that allows the pleural surfaces to move without friction.
But if fluid builds up from either increased production or inadequate removal pleural effusion results.
Pleural effusion B/L or unilateral (parapneumonic process)
Refers to any significant collection of fluid within pleural space.
Any imbalance in formation, absorption lead accumulation of pleural fluid. Common condition:
CHF
Bacterial pneumonia
Malignancy(chest tumor)
Pulmonary embolism
Pleura effusion is a condition refers to a collection of fluid in the pleural space. It is almost secondary to other conditions.
Community Acquired Pneumonia
This document discusses community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), including its causes, diagnosis, clinical features, imaging findings, and treatment. It begins by defining CAP and describing its historical significance as a major cause of death. It then covers common, less common, and uncommon infectious and non-infectious causes of CAP. The document outlines approaches to diagnosis including microbiological testing and the roles of imaging like chest X-rays, CT scans, and lung ultrasounds. It details typical patterns seen on imaging for different pathogens. It also discusses clinical features associated with certain causes and poor prognostic factors. The document concludes by addressing empirical outpatient and inpatient treatment of CAP.
Bronchiectasis.
This document discusses bronchiectasis, including its definition, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management, and complications. Some key points:
- Bronchiectasis is irreversible dilation of the airways caused by infection or other insults that damages the airways and impairs mucus clearance.
- It has various etiologies including infection, immunodeficiency, genetic disorders, and aspiration. Recurrent infections lead to a vicious cycle of inflammation and further airway damage.
- Symptoms include chronic productive cough and sputum. Investigations include chest CT, which shows characteristic findings like airway dilation.
- Management focuses on airway clearance, antibiotics for infections, and
Lymphadenopathy
Lymphadenopathy is the enlargement of lymph nodes, which can be caused by inflammation (lymphadenitis) or infection. There are different types of lymphadenopathy including localized, generalized, and persistent generalized lymphadenopathy lasting a long time without an apparent cause. Certain diseases are characterized by lymphadenopathy and swelling of lymph nodes, such as bubonic plague, infectious mononucleosis, cutaneous anthrax, and trypanosomiasis. The document lists many potential differential diagnoses that can cause lymphadenopathy, including various infections, leukemias, cystic fibrosis, and autoimmune diseases.
Acute bronchitis
This document discusses the pharmacotherapy of acute bronchitis. It begins by defining acute bronchitis as a cough lasting less than 3 weeks, which is usually viral in origin. The goals of therapy are to rule out serious illness, minimize symptoms, and limit unnecessary antibiotic use. Treatment is primarily supportive and includes analgesics, antitussives, and bronchodilators only for those with wheezing. Antibiotics are not routinely recommended as they do not impact illness duration or severity. Education of patients about the typical self-limiting course of acute bronchitis is important.
SARCOIDOSIS
This document provides an overview of sarcoidosis, including:
- It is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown cause that commonly affects the lungs, skin and eyes.
- Risk factors include genetics and environmental exposures, and it has the highest rates in the United States and Sweden.
- Clinical presentation varies from asymptomatic to involvement of multiple organ systems. Lung involvement is most common and is staged based on chest x-ray findings.
- Diagnosis involves ruling out other causes and may include biopsy showing non-caseating granulomas. Treatment involves corticosteroids and prognosis is generally good with many experiencing remission.
Differential diagnosis of cavitary lung lesions
For quick review for D/D of lung cavities you can go through it. always waiting for your suggestions so that i can improve it...
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), formerly known as Wegener's granulomatosis, is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of blood vessels. It commonly involves the upper and lower respiratory tracts and kidneys. The disease was first described in 1931 and recognized as a distinct clinical entity in 1936. Common symptoms include nasal inflammation, sinusitis, lung nodules, alveolar hemorrhage, and necrotizing glomerulonephritis. Diagnosis involves meeting criteria established by the American College of Rheumatology or the 2012 revised Chapel Hill criteria through clinical evaluation, biopsy, and ANCA testing. Treatment involves immunosuppressive medications.
Bronchiectases
Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition defined by the permanent dilation of the bronchi. It has both congenital and acquired causes such as infections from tuberculosis, pneumonia, or cystic fibrosis. Symptoms include chronic cough, production of large amounts of purulent sputum, and recurrent lung infections. Diagnosis involves imaging like CT scans and pulmonary function tests. Treatment focuses on airway clearance techniques, antibiotics for infections, and surgery in severe cases. Nursing care aims to improve lung function and prevent infections through techniques like postural drainage and breathing exercises.
Respiratory pathology
This document covers several topics related to respiratory pathophysiology:
1. It describes the anatomy and control of breathing, including the medullary respiratory center and pontine and apneustic areas.
2. Various types of breathing patterns are defined, such as Cheyne-Stokes respirations and Biot's respiration, along with the areas of brain injury that cause each pattern.
3. Common respiratory symptoms like cough, dyspnea, and hemoptysis are discussed alongside their typical causes.
4. Physical exam findings on chest auscultation and percussion are outlined, including vocal fremitus and lung sounds.
5. The calculation of the alveolar-arterial oxygen
Tuberculosis of peripheral lymph nodes
Tuberculosis of peripheral lymph nodes, also known as tuberculous lymphadenitis, is the most common extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis. It typically involves the cervical lymph nodes. The infection can spread hematogenously from a primary lung infection or directly from a contiguous focus. Diagnosis involves physical examination, tuberculin testing, staining of aspirated lymph node samples for acid-fast bacilli, and radiological or PCR analysis. Treatment primarily consists of a standard course of antituberculosis drugs according to WHO guidelines.
Lung abscess
This document discusses lung abscess, including its definition, causes, microbiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment. A lung abscess is a localized infection and necrosis of lung tissue, often caused by aspiration of oral or gastric contents, that produces a cavity within the lung. It commonly presents with cough, sputum production and fever. Diagnosis is made through chest imaging showing a lung cavity. Treatment involves prolonged use of antibiotics active against the typical bacterial causes, such as clindamycin and metronidazole, for 4-6 weeks.
Fungal pneumonia
Fungal pneumonia is a type of lung infection caused by fungi. It is most common in immunocompromised individuals. Symptoms are similar to bacterial and viral pneumonia and include cough, chest pain, weight loss, fatigue, fever, and difficulty breathing. Diagnosis involves culturing respiratory fluids or detecting fungal antigens. Treatment consists of antifungal drugs like amphotericin B and voriconazole. Prognosis can be poor if treatment is delayed or the underlying condition causing immunosuppression cannot be addressed.
Chest Pain- Differential Diagnosis
This document discusses the differential diagnosis of chest pain by describing various cardiac and non-cardiac causes. It outlines key factors in the history and physical exam that can help determine if chest pain is typical angina, atypical angina, or non-anginal. Common cardiac causes discussed include acute coronary syndromes, aortic dissection, and pericarditis. Common non-cardiac causes discussed include pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, gastrointestinal issues like pancreatitis and peptic ulcer disease. Diagnostic tests for different conditions are also mentioned.
Cavitatoy lung lesions
Cavitary lung lesions can have various causes including cancer, infection, autoimmune disease, vascular embolism, and trauma. On imaging, characteristics like wall thickness, inner contour, location, and other associated findings provide clues to the underlying etiology. Malignant processes tend to have thicker walls over 15mm while benign lesions usually have thinner walls under 4mm. Infectious cavities often have irregular inner walls and may contain fluid levels. Autoimmune diseases typically cause multiple bilateral nodules. The clinical context is also important for determining the most likely diagnosis.
Lecture 2. Primary TB.pptx
This document discusses different classifications and types of tuberculosis (TB). It describes primary TB as occurring after initial infection, often in children, and characterized by sensitization reactions, hematogenous/lymphogenous spread, and a tendency to self-heal. Primary TB complex involves inflammatory changes in the lungs, intrathoracic lymph nodes, and lymphangitis. Secondary TB predominantly affects the lungs without lymph node involvement. The document also discusses classifications of TB based on location (pulmonary, extrapulmonary, miliary) and forms of TB in the lungs (focal, fibrofocal, infiltrative, etc.).
Pleural effusion
Pleural effusion results from an imbalance between pleural fluid formation and absorption, causing fluid to accumulate in the pleural space. Fluid formation occurs through capillaries in the parietal pleura, and absorption occurs via lymphatic vessels. When the rate of formation exceeds absorption, effusion occurs. Effusions are classified as transudative or exudative based on fluid characteristics. Diagnostic testing of pleural fluid aims to determine the cause of effusion. Radiography and ultrasound are used to identify and characterize pleural fluid.
Bronchiectasis
This document provides information about bronchiectasis, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and management. It describes bronchiectasis as an abnormal permanent dilation of the bronchi due to destruction of the bronchial wall muscles and elastic tissue. Common causes include infection, aspiration, obstruction, and genetic conditions like cystic fibrosis. Symptoms include chronic cough, sputum production, and recurrent lung infections. Diagnosis is made through clinical history and characteristic findings on CT scan. Management focuses on controlling infections with antibiotics, clearing secretions, and treating underlying causes.
Pulmonary Embolism Power Point
A 58-year-old female presented to the emergency room with anxiety and shortness of breath after climbing stairs. She has been feeling stressed due to social stressors and recently took a trip to Italy. On examination, she was tachycardic but her lungs were clear to auscultation. A chest x-ray showed blunted costophrenic sulci and opacity of the left lung bases indicating increased blood flow to the left lung. The patient was given oxygen and intravenous fluids, and anticoagulation therapy was started given her risk for pulmonary embolism.
Bronchopneumonia
This document presents a case study of bronchopneumonia in an infant. It includes an introduction describing pneumonia, objectives of the case study, the patient's profile, history of present illness, physical assessment findings, relevant anatomy and physiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic laboratory results including urinalysis, hematology, and blood chemistry. A chest x-ray report notes findings consistent with bilateral pneumonia. The case study aims to evaluate nursing care for the infant patient diagnosed with bronchopneumonia.
More Related Content
What's hot
Pleuresy
The document discusses pleurisy and pleural effusions. It defines the pleura and pleural space, and describes different types of pleural syndromes including dry pleurisy, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, and fibrothorax. Common causes, symptoms, signs, and investigation findings for pleural effusions are outlined. Pleural fluid analysis is described to differentiate exudates from transudates. Differentials are provided for lymphocytic and eosinophilic pleural effusions.
Diagnostic value of pleural effusion
This document discusses pleural effusions, including their mechanism, normal composition, differentiation between transudative and exudative effusions, and causes. It provides details on parapneumonic effusions and empyema, including classification and treatment approaches. Specific conditions discussed in detail include tuberculous pleural effusions, effusions in HIV patients, chylothorax, pseudochylothorax, and malignant pleural effusions. Useful pleural fluid tests are also summarized.
Pleural effusion
Normally, the pleural space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), which acts as a lubricant that allows the pleural surfaces to move without friction.
But if fluid builds up from either increased production or inadequate removal pleural effusion results.
Pleural effusion B/L or unilateral (parapneumonic process)
Refers to any significant collection of fluid within pleural space.
Any imbalance in formation, absorption lead accumulation of pleural fluid. Common condition:
CHF
Bacterial pneumonia
Malignancy(chest tumor)
Pulmonary embolism
Pleura effusion is a condition refers to a collection of fluid in the pleural space. It is almost secondary to other conditions.
Community Acquired Pneumonia
This document discusses community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), including its causes, diagnosis, clinical features, imaging findings, and treatment. It begins by defining CAP and describing its historical significance as a major cause of death. It then covers common, less common, and uncommon infectious and non-infectious causes of CAP. The document outlines approaches to diagnosis including microbiological testing and the roles of imaging like chest X-rays, CT scans, and lung ultrasounds. It details typical patterns seen on imaging for different pathogens. It also discusses clinical features associated with certain causes and poor prognostic factors. The document concludes by addressing empirical outpatient and inpatient treatment of CAP.
Bronchiectasis.
This document discusses bronchiectasis, including its definition, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management, and complications. Some key points:
- Bronchiectasis is irreversible dilation of the airways caused by infection or other insults that damages the airways and impairs mucus clearance.
- It has various etiologies including infection, immunodeficiency, genetic disorders, and aspiration. Recurrent infections lead to a vicious cycle of inflammation and further airway damage.
- Symptoms include chronic productive cough and sputum. Investigations include chest CT, which shows characteristic findings like airway dilation.
- Management focuses on airway clearance, antibiotics for infections, and
Lymphadenopathy
Lymphadenopathy is the enlargement of lymph nodes, which can be caused by inflammation (lymphadenitis) or infection. There are different types of lymphadenopathy including localized, generalized, and persistent generalized lymphadenopathy lasting a long time without an apparent cause. Certain diseases are characterized by lymphadenopathy and swelling of lymph nodes, such as bubonic plague, infectious mononucleosis, cutaneous anthrax, and trypanosomiasis. The document lists many potential differential diagnoses that can cause lymphadenopathy, including various infections, leukemias, cystic fibrosis, and autoimmune diseases.
Acute bronchitis
This document discusses the pharmacotherapy of acute bronchitis. It begins by defining acute bronchitis as a cough lasting less than 3 weeks, which is usually viral in origin. The goals of therapy are to rule out serious illness, minimize symptoms, and limit unnecessary antibiotic use. Treatment is primarily supportive and includes analgesics, antitussives, and bronchodilators only for those with wheezing. Antibiotics are not routinely recommended as they do not impact illness duration or severity. Education of patients about the typical self-limiting course of acute bronchitis is important.
SARCOIDOSIS
This document provides an overview of sarcoidosis, including:
- It is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown cause that commonly affects the lungs, skin and eyes.
- Risk factors include genetics and environmental exposures, and it has the highest rates in the United States and Sweden.
- Clinical presentation varies from asymptomatic to involvement of multiple organ systems. Lung involvement is most common and is staged based on chest x-ray findings.
- Diagnosis involves ruling out other causes and may include biopsy showing non-caseating granulomas. Treatment involves corticosteroids and prognosis is generally good with many experiencing remission.
Differential diagnosis of cavitary lung lesions
For quick review for D/D of lung cavities you can go through it. always waiting for your suggestions so that i can improve it...
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), formerly known as Wegener's granulomatosis, is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of blood vessels. It commonly involves the upper and lower respiratory tracts and kidneys. The disease was first described in 1931 and recognized as a distinct clinical entity in 1936. Common symptoms include nasal inflammation, sinusitis, lung nodules, alveolar hemorrhage, and necrotizing glomerulonephritis. Diagnosis involves meeting criteria established by the American College of Rheumatology or the 2012 revised Chapel Hill criteria through clinical evaluation, biopsy, and ANCA testing. Treatment involves immunosuppressive medications.
Bronchiectases
Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition defined by the permanent dilation of the bronchi. It has both congenital and acquired causes such as infections from tuberculosis, pneumonia, or cystic fibrosis. Symptoms include chronic cough, production of large amounts of purulent sputum, and recurrent lung infections. Diagnosis involves imaging like CT scans and pulmonary function tests. Treatment focuses on airway clearance techniques, antibiotics for infections, and surgery in severe cases. Nursing care aims to improve lung function and prevent infections through techniques like postural drainage and breathing exercises.
Respiratory pathology
This document covers several topics related to respiratory pathophysiology:
1. It describes the anatomy and control of breathing, including the medullary respiratory center and pontine and apneustic areas.
2. Various types of breathing patterns are defined, such as Cheyne-Stokes respirations and Biot's respiration, along with the areas of brain injury that cause each pattern.
3. Common respiratory symptoms like cough, dyspnea, and hemoptysis are discussed alongside their typical causes.
4. Physical exam findings on chest auscultation and percussion are outlined, including vocal fremitus and lung sounds.
5. The calculation of the alveolar-arterial oxygen
Tuberculosis of peripheral lymph nodes
Tuberculosis of peripheral lymph nodes, also known as tuberculous lymphadenitis, is the most common extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis. It typically involves the cervical lymph nodes. The infection can spread hematogenously from a primary lung infection or directly from a contiguous focus. Diagnosis involves physical examination, tuberculin testing, staining of aspirated lymph node samples for acid-fast bacilli, and radiological or PCR analysis. Treatment primarily consists of a standard course of antituberculosis drugs according to WHO guidelines.
Lung abscess
This document discusses lung abscess, including its definition, causes, microbiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment. A lung abscess is a localized infection and necrosis of lung tissue, often caused by aspiration of oral or gastric contents, that produces a cavity within the lung. It commonly presents with cough, sputum production and fever. Diagnosis is made through chest imaging showing a lung cavity. Treatment involves prolonged use of antibiotics active against the typical bacterial causes, such as clindamycin and metronidazole, for 4-6 weeks.
Fungal pneumonia
Fungal pneumonia is a type of lung infection caused by fungi. It is most common in immunocompromised individuals. Symptoms are similar to bacterial and viral pneumonia and include cough, chest pain, weight loss, fatigue, fever, and difficulty breathing. Diagnosis involves culturing respiratory fluids or detecting fungal antigens. Treatment consists of antifungal drugs like amphotericin B and voriconazole. Prognosis can be poor if treatment is delayed or the underlying condition causing immunosuppression cannot be addressed.
Chest Pain- Differential Diagnosis
This document discusses the differential diagnosis of chest pain by describing various cardiac and non-cardiac causes. It outlines key factors in the history and physical exam that can help determine if chest pain is typical angina, atypical angina, or non-anginal. Common cardiac causes discussed include acute coronary syndromes, aortic dissection, and pericarditis. Common non-cardiac causes discussed include pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, gastrointestinal issues like pancreatitis and peptic ulcer disease. Diagnostic tests for different conditions are also mentioned.
Cavitatoy lung lesions
Cavitary lung lesions can have various causes including cancer, infection, autoimmune disease, vascular embolism, and trauma. On imaging, characteristics like wall thickness, inner contour, location, and other associated findings provide clues to the underlying etiology. Malignant processes tend to have thicker walls over 15mm while benign lesions usually have thinner walls under 4mm. Infectious cavities often have irregular inner walls and may contain fluid levels. Autoimmune diseases typically cause multiple bilateral nodules. The clinical context is also important for determining the most likely diagnosis.
Lecture 2. Primary TB.pptx
This document discusses different classifications and types of tuberculosis (TB). It describes primary TB as occurring after initial infection, often in children, and characterized by sensitization reactions, hematogenous/lymphogenous spread, and a tendency to self-heal. Primary TB complex involves inflammatory changes in the lungs, intrathoracic lymph nodes, and lymphangitis. Secondary TB predominantly affects the lungs without lymph node involvement. The document also discusses classifications of TB based on location (pulmonary, extrapulmonary, miliary) and forms of TB in the lungs (focal, fibrofocal, infiltrative, etc.).
Pleural effusion
Pleural effusion results from an imbalance between pleural fluid formation and absorption, causing fluid to accumulate in the pleural space. Fluid formation occurs through capillaries in the parietal pleura, and absorption occurs via lymphatic vessels. When the rate of formation exceeds absorption, effusion occurs. Effusions are classified as transudative or exudative based on fluid characteristics. Diagnostic testing of pleural fluid aims to determine the cause of effusion. Radiography and ultrasound are used to identify and characterize pleural fluid.
Bronchiectasis
This document provides information about bronchiectasis, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and management. It describes bronchiectasis as an abnormal permanent dilation of the bronchi due to destruction of the bronchial wall muscles and elastic tissue. Common causes include infection, aspiration, obstruction, and genetic conditions like cystic fibrosis. Symptoms include chronic cough, sputum production, and recurrent lung infections. Diagnosis is made through clinical history and characteristic findings on CT scan. Management focuses on controlling infections with antibiotics, clearing secretions, and treating underlying causes.
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
Pulmonary Embolism Power Point
A 58-year-old female presented to the emergency room with anxiety and shortness of breath after climbing stairs. She has been feeling stressed due to social stressors and recently took a trip to Italy. On examination, she was tachycardic but her lungs were clear to auscultation. A chest x-ray showed blunted costophrenic sulci and opacity of the left lung bases indicating increased blood flow to the left lung. The patient was given oxygen and intravenous fluids, and anticoagulation therapy was started given her risk for pulmonary embolism.
Bronchopneumonia
This document presents a case study of bronchopneumonia in an infant. It includes an introduction describing pneumonia, objectives of the case study, the patient's profile, history of present illness, physical assessment findings, relevant anatomy and physiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic laboratory results including urinalysis, hematology, and blood chemistry. A chest x-ray report notes findings consistent with bilateral pneumonia. The case study aims to evaluate nursing care for the infant patient diagnosed with bronchopneumonia.
Pneumonia
Introduction,Risk factors ,Pathogenesis,Types,Etiology,Clinical features,Investigation,Treatment,Complication,Prevention
Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lung parenchyma that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens. It is commonly classified anatomically based on the location of lung involvement or etiologically based on the causative agent. Common causes of infectious pneumonia include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and various influenza viruses. Diagnosis involves chest X-ray and culture of sputum or other respiratory samples. Treatment depends on the identified cause but generally involves antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia.
Pneumonia ppt
details on pneumonia, introduction,types of pneumonia, pathophysiology of pneumonia, common symptoms, brief description of types of pneumonia
Pneumonia a case study of lobar pneumonia
On November 12th, Global Pneumonia Day will focus attention on child pneumonia, a common illness that affects 450 million people annually, especially children in lower-income African nations like Congo. The document then describes types of pneumonia based on transmission method and cause, symptoms of community-acquired lobar pneumonia, diagnosis and treatment of a case in Congo, and medical advice provided to the patient.
pneumonia
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory illness characterized by inflammation of the lungs and pulmonary consolidation. It can be caused by various pathogens depending on season and patient characteristics. Common symptoms include fever, cough, chest pain, and difficulty breathing. Pneumonia is classified based on location in the lungs, source of infection, and patient risk factors. Diagnosis involves chest imaging and microbiological testing. Treatment focuses on respiratory support, antibiotics, fluids, and prevention of complications.
acute gastroenteritis, case presentation < sabrina >
This document provides information about a 6 year and 4 month old male Chinese patient named Jackson Tea Jia Sheng who was admitted to the hospital due to vomiting and diarrhea for the past 2 days. The patient's medical history including past illness, family history, birth details, development, and immunization status are documented. The physical examination findings show the patient is alert and interacting well without signs of dehydration, and vital signs are normal. The system examinations including respiratory, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal systems are unremarkable.
Affarizal 1 st write up medicine
Mrs. AR, a 62-year-old woman, presented with chest pain and was diagnosed with unstable angina. She had a history of hypertension. Physical examination and investigations found no signs of heart attack. She was treated with medications and discharged after three days in stable condition.
Pediatric Community Acquired Pneumonia
This document summarizes guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (PCAP). It outlines risk factors for PCAP and clinical signs associated with bacterial vs. viral etiologies. Guidelines are provided for classifying patients based on risk, determining need for admission, appropriate diagnostic tests and empiric antibiotic therapy. Considerations for treatment failure and switching or adding therapy are also discussed.
6. Acute Gastroenteritis
This document summarizes a case presentation of a 4-year-old boy named MSR who was admitted to the hospital due to severe diarrhea, fever, and vomiting. He developed diarrhea 2 days prior along with a fever and vomiting on the day of admission. Upon examination at the hospital, his vital signs and physical examination were normal except for gastrointestinal findings. His condition and symptoms are presented in detail.
Emergency in Urology [Dr. Edmond Wong]
This document provides an outline and overview of urological emergencies. It discusses acute retention of urine (AROU), loin pain, hematuria, scrotal pain and swelling, and priapism. For each condition, it covers relevant history, physical exam findings, diagnostic workup including relevant blood tests and imaging, differential diagnoses, and management considerations. Key points emphasized include the need for timely surgical exploration in cases of suspected testicular torsion to preserve testicular viability.
Cohort Study
This document defines and describes cohort studies. It notes that a cohort study is an analytical study used to provide evidence for or against an association between a suspected cause and disease. It examines populations that are exposed versus unexposed to a potential causative factor and follows them over time to compare disease incidence. The document outlines the key elements of cohort studies, including selection of study subjects, obtaining exposure data, follow up, analysis and comparison groups. It also discusses types of cohort studies, their advantages and disadvantages, examples, and potential biases.
Hospital acquired infection presentation
Hospital acquired infections (HAIs) are a major issue for patients and hospitals. Around 10% of hospital patients acquire an infection, costing twice as much to treat compared to patients without infections. Common HAIs include urinary tract infections, pneumonia, and surgical site infections. Proper hand hygiene and limiting unnecessary visits and procedures can help reduce the spread of infections. It is important for patients to be aware of infection risks and symptoms so they can advocate for their own care.
Cohort Study
This document provides an overview of cohort studies. It defines a cohort study as an analytical study that observes groups over time to determine the frequency of disease among those with and without an exposure. Key features discussed include cohorts being identified prior to disease appearance and the study proceeding from cause to effect. Prospective, retrospective, and ambidirectional cohort study designs are described. Steps of cohort studies include selection of study subjects, obtaining exposure data, comparing exposed and unexposed groups, follow up, and analysis of incidence rates.
Nosocomial infection & control
Nosocomial infections (Hospital acquired infections): sources, microorganisms, mode of transmission, diagnosis and prevention. Hospital Infection Control Committee
Pneumonia
This document discusses pneumonia, including its classification, pathophysiology, presentation, investigation, treatment and severity assessment. It covers community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HCAP), comparing their predisposing factors, infecting agents, and management approaches. For CAP, it recommends empirical outpatient treatment regimens based on patient risk factors. In general, the document provides a comprehensive overview of pneumonia while emphasizing differences between CAP and HCAP.
Hospital Infection Control
The document discusses hospital-associated infections (HAIs), also known as nosocomial infections. It defines HAIs as infections that patients acquire during treatment in a hospital setting. The document outlines some key points about HAIs, including that they account for significant illness and death worldwide. It also discusses factors that contribute to HAIs spreading in hospitals, such as host susceptibility, infectious agents, and environmental conditions. Finally, it provides recommendations for preventing HAIs, such as implementing infection control committees, surveillance systems, proper sterilization and hygiene practices, and isolating infected patients.
Nosocomial Infection
Nosocomial infections, also known as hospital-acquired infections, can develop 48 hours or more after hospital admission or within 30 days after discharge. They are caused by four main factors - crowded hospital conditions, new microorganisms, increasing number of immune-compromised patients, and increasing bacterial resistance. The most common modes of transmission are contact, droplet, vector-borne, airborne, and common vehicle. Common sites of infection include the urinary tract, lungs, bloodstream, and surgical sites. Prevention methods focus on isolation, sterilization, proper hand hygiene, and use of protective equipment like gloves and aprons.
Hospital acquired infections
The document discusses hospital acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections. It defines nosocomial infections as infections acquired during or after hospitalization. It discusses the epidemiological interaction between host factors, infectious agents, and the hospital environment. It also summarizes common bacterial, viral, and fungal agents that cause nosocomial infections and how they are transmitted. Prevention and control methods like isolation precautions, hand hygiene, and surveillance programs are also outlined.
Viewers also liked (20)
acute gastroenteritis, case presentation < sabrina >
acute gastroenteritis, case presentation < sabrina >
ย
Similar to Lobar pneumonia Power Point
Pulmonary embolism
This document discusses pulmonary embolism (PE), including an overview, case study, and approach. It provides details on:
- Risk factors for PE including venous stasis from bed rest or surgery and alterations in coagulation.
- Common signs and symptoms of PE such as shortness of breath, chest pain, and tachycardia.
- Diagnostic tools for PE including CT angiogram, D-dimer test, Wells criteria, and Geneva criteria to determine probability.
- The case study describes a 65-year-old man presenting with shortness of breath following hip surgery who is found to have signs of deep vein thrombosis, suggesting a provoked PE.
April Image Of The Month
A 63-year-old female presented with dyspnea and symptoms of respiratory distress. Chest x-ray showed signs of pulmonary embolism including a Hampton's Hump and Westermark sign. CT scan revealed extensive bilateral pulmonary embolisms and signs of right heart strain. The patient was started on heparin and underwent catheter-directed thrombolysis.
Double Jeopardy: Risk in Pulmonary
This document discusses several pulmonology cases involving medical malpractice litigation. Case 1 describes a patient who died from an undiagnosed pulmonary embolism during treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis. Case 2 involved failure to examine a leg injury that later resulted in a fatal pulmonary embolism. The document emphasizes the importance of considering pulmonary embolism in patients presenting with respiratory complaints, using validated assessment tools, and thorough documentation.
Tuberculosis Power Point
A 34-year-old homeless white male presented with a 5-6 week history of intermittent fever, cough producing blood-tinged sputum, and right-sided chest pain with deep breathing. Examination found decreased breath sounds in the right upper lung field. A chest x-ray showed a cavitary lesion in the right upper lobe and hilar adenopathy, suggestive of tuberculosis. The patient was discharged with instructions for close follow-up and definitive treatment, as admission was not required due to clinical stability and ability to follow-up.
Interstitial Lung Disease
A 58-year-old female presented with progressive shortness of breath for 2 years and was admitted for investigation and treatment of hypoxic respiratory failure. Imaging showed bilateral reticular opacities and interstitial thickening consistent with interstitial pneumonitis. Biopsies were inconclusive but the patient was started on steroids and other immunosuppressants to treat a presumed diagnosis of interstitial pneumonia.
Pneumonia mksap 18
A 42-year-old man is admitted to the ICU for nonresponsive pneumonia. He has a history of heavy alcohol use and was previously prescribed levofloxacin that did not improve his worsening shortness of breath and cough. Exam finds decreased breath sounds and imaging shows a right lower lobe infiltrate. Due to his risk of aspiration pneumonia from alcohol use, the most appropriate treatment is piperacillin-tazobactam to cover anaerobes and gram-negatives, plus azithromycin for atypical coverage.
The phantom menace
This document discusses the case of a 31-year-old woman referred for fever of 1 month duration. She was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus based on her symptoms and test results. She developed new onset cough and chest pain while being treated with steroids. Imaging showed consolidation and effusions. Antibiotics did not improve her symptoms, shifting suspicion to lupus pneumonitis. Increasing steroids dosage resolved her symptoms. The document then provides an overview of lupus pneumonitis, its presentation, diagnostic evaluation and treatment.
Pneumomediastinum
A 34-year-old man presents with sharp chest pain for 2 hours following crack cocaine use. He has no other symptoms. On examination, he has a heart rate of 148, blood pressure of 98.7/105, respiratory rate of 18, and clear lungs. Chest x-ray shows pneumomediastinum. The patient is admitted for observation and treatment with oxygen and IV fluids.
17 capnography part4 non-intubated
The document discusses the use of capnography for non-intubated patients experiencing trouble breathing. It describes how capnography can help identify and monitor conditions like bronchospasm from asthma or COPD by examining patterns in exhaled carbon dioxide levels. Specific capnographic signatures are presented for different respiratory conditions including asthma attacks, COPD exacerbations, congestive heart failure, and hypoventilation states. Case studies demonstrate how capnography can track changes in a patient's condition before and after treatment.
Pneumothorax case presentation
This document presents the case of a 50-year-old male smoker with COPD who presented with acute dyspnea and left chest pain for 3 days. On examination, the patient was dyspneic with decreased breath sounds and chest expansion on the left side. A chest X-ray showed a 41% pneumothorax on the left. A tube thoracostomy was performed and the lung re-expanded. The tube was removed after 2 days and the patient was discharged on medications with instructions to follow up after 1 week.
Pediatric Pneumonia - Clinical Approach
1) A 27-month old girl presented with worsening cough and fever for two weeks. Imaging showed a large right-sided pleural effusion and empyema.
2) CT chest revealed a large encysted pleural collection, broncho-pleural fistula, and compression of the right lung. A chest tube was inserted which drained purulent fluid.
3) Antibiotics were started and adjusted based on cultures. The child improved with chest physiotherapy and antibiotics but required a prolonged course of over 3 weeks due to complications.
4 bronchiectasis
Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition defined by abnormal dilation of the bronchi. It is commonly caused by previous lung infections but can also be due to other issues like airway obstruction, immune deficiencies, or genetic disorders. Patients present with excessive sputum production, chronic cough, recurrent lung infections, and sometimes blood in the sputum or cough. Diagnosis involves imaging tests like CT scans that show dilated bronchi. Treatment focuses on airway clearance and antibiotics to prevent infections. Surgery may be considered for severe cases or massive bleeding in the lungs.
PNEUMOTHORAX.ppt
Pneumothorax is the presence of air in the pleural cavity, which occurs when there is a breach in the parietal or visceral pleura. It can be classified as primary or secondary, and also as acute, chronic, small, large, partial or complete. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax typically occurs in young, tall, thin males and results from a rupture of a pulmonary bleb or bulla. Management depends on factors such as size, symptoms and underlying cause, and may include observation, aspiration, tube thoracostomy, chemical or surgical pleurodesis, or thoracoscopic procedures. Complications can include failure to reexpand, recurrence, infection or respiratory failure.
Pneumothorax
1. A 34-year-old man presents with ongoing chest pain worse with deep inspiration following crack cocaine use that morning.
2. On exam, he is tachycardic but without respiratory distress. Lungs are clear to auscultation bilaterally without crepitus.
3. Chest x-ray shows a thin layer of air outlining the heart borders, aorta, and tracking into the superior mediastinum and neck, consistent with pneumomediastinum.
Pneumomediastinum
1. A 34-year-old man presents with ongoing chest pain following crack cocaine use that morning. He is tachycardic but otherwise stable on exam.
2. Chest x-ray shows pneumomediastinum with thin layers of air outlining the heart borders and along the aorta.
3. Pneumomediastinum is usually benign and self-limiting but can be caused by alveolar rupture from forceful inhalation like with cocaine use. The patient requires monitoring and rest until symptoms resolve.
Case history of amiodarone induced pulmonary toxicity
A 75-year-old Sudanese male presented with acute myocardial infarction and was treated including with amiodarone due to frequent PVCs on ECG. He was discharged after improvement but returned two weeks later with shortness of breath, dry cough, and fever. Examination found signs of bilateral lung fibrosis. He was diagnosed with amiodarone-induced interstitial pneumonitis-fibrosis based on radiological findings and improved after stopping amiodarone and receiving steroids and supportive care. Literature review discussed amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity as a serious adverse effect, with interstitial pneumonitis-fibrosis being common, and management involving discontinuing amiodarone and considering steroids
Assessing the and Peripheral Vascular System.docx
This document discusses a patient presenting with shortness of breath, cough, and fever. On examination, the patient has diminished breath sounds and rales. A chest x-ray shows an infiltrate in the right middle lobe. Potential diagnoses discussed include pneumonia, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, congestive heart failure, and asthma. Pneumonia is considered the most likely based on symptoms and exam findings. References from 2013-2018 are provided to support the different diagnoses.
Chest Radiograph for Interns
This document provides an overview of chest radiograph interpretation for interns, covering normal anatomy, common pathologies, and technical factors. It summarizes how to evaluate for adequate penetration, inspiration, rotation, magnification, and angulation. Common pathologies like pleural effusion, pneumothorax, pneumonia, and pulmonary tuberculosis are described with examples. Normal pediatric and adult chest x-ray features are outlined along with how to read and interpret the major anatomical structures visible.
Pneumonia by Ussama
This document provides information on pneumonia, including its definition, classification, infectious agents, host defenses in the lungs, routes of infection, community-acquired pneumonia, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and complications. It defines pneumonia as an infection of the lungs that causes consolidation and filling of alveoli. Community-acquired pneumonia is most often caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, or Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Diagnosis involves assessment of severity, consideration of possible causes, chest imaging, and microbiological testing of sputum or blood. Empiric antibiotic therapy depends on location of treatment and severity of illness. Duration of treatment typically ranges from 7 to 14 days depending on the causative
Chest x ray 3
chest x ray spotter set for radiology education and diagnosis imaging of chest pathology, description and diagnosis of chest x ray from the website
Similar to Lobar pneumonia Power Point (20)
Case history of amiodarone induced pulmonary toxicity
Case history of amiodarone induced pulmonary toxicity
ย
More from Todd Peterson
Pneumothorax Power Point
A 34-year-old man presents with 2 days of right-sided chest pain that worsens with deep breathing and radiates to his neck and shoulderblade. He has a history of tobacco use but no other medical problems. Examination finds him in no distress. Chest x-ray shows a right-sided pneumothorax. Treatment depends on size and symptoms, with small primary pneumothoraces sometimes observed as outpatients and larger or recurrent ones requiring chest tube placement in the hospital. Pneumothoraces are classified as primary spontaneous, secondary spontaneous, or traumatic based on associated lung disease or injury history.
Aortic dissection
A 56-year-old man presents with 4 hours of epigastric abdominal pain described as sharp and stabbing. He has a history of hypertension and coronary artery disease. On examination, he is tachycardic with cool extremities. Imaging shows an enlarged aorta, particularly for his age, which should prompt consideration of an aortic disorder as the cause of his pain. He requires aggressive blood pressure control and emergent surgical consultation given concern for aortic dissection.
Aortic dissection
A 56-year-old man presents with 4 hours of epigastric abdominal pain described as sharp and stabbing. He has a history of hypertension and coronary artery disease. On examination, he is tachycardic with cool extremities. Imaging shows an enlarged aorta, particularly for his age, which should prompt consideration of an aortic disorder as the cause of his pain. He requires aggressive blood pressure control and emergent surgical consultation given concern for aortic dissection.
Lung cancer Power Point
A 69-year-old woman presents with a 3-month history of dry cough, chest pain, weight loss, and exercise intolerance. She has a history of smoking and lung issues. Examination finds her thin but stable. Chest x-ray shows a visible mass in her right upper lung. She may need biopsy or admission depending on stability and ability to follow up as an outpatient. The presentation of lung cancer can vary but often includes nonspecific symptoms. Different types have characteristics like location and growth patterns visible on x-ray.
Pleural effusion Power Point
A 65-year-old man with a history of diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and end-stage renal disease presented with a 3-day history of dry cough and worsening shortness of breath with exertion. On examination, he had bilateral basilar rales and chest x-ray showed bilateral pleural effusions. He was admitted for supportive respiratory therapy and treatment of the underlying pleural effusions through thoracentesis or tube thoracostomy.
Atypical pneumonia Power Point
A 67-year-old man with diabetes and hypertension presented with worsening fever, malaise, dyspnea, and abdominal pain over two days. On examination, he had a fever, rapid heart rate, diffuse lung rhonchi, and normal abdomen. A chest X-ray showed patchy infiltrates and peri-hilar prominence. Given his atypical presentation and chest X-ray findings, he was started on a macrolide or respiratory fluoroquinolone antibiotic for suspected atypical pneumonia.
Salter harris 2 Power Point
A 10-year-old boy presented with an obvious deformity to his right wrist following a football injury. X-rays showed a Salter Harris Type II fracture extending from the growth plate through the bone with part of the bone broken off. The boy's wrist was splinted and he was referred to orthopedics for follow-up.
Pitcher's Elbow Power Point
A 10-year-old male pitcher presents with right arm pain after pitching in a little league baseball game. On examination, he is rubbing his right elbow and has tenderness over the medial epicondyle. X-rays are normal but this is likely a case of pitcher's elbow or medial apophysitis from overuse. The parents and patient are instructed that the child must cease pitching for 4-6 weeks and gradually return to avoid further injury.
SCIWORA Power Point
A 3 year old boy presented with new onset lower extremity weakness after falling from a high chair two days prior. On examination, he had decreased strength and sensation in both lower extremities. Cervical spine films and CT were normal. He received a diagnosis of SCIWORA (spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality) and was admitted for MRI and further evaluation by neurosurgery.
Salter harris 4 Power Point
An 11-year-old male presented to the emergency department after being kicked by a cow, unable to bear weight on his right leg and experiencing excruciating pain. Examination revealed swelling and bruising around the right ankle with pain on movement. X-rays showed a fracture extending from the metaphysis through the epiphysis, classified as a Salter-Harris Type IV injury. This type of injury crosses the physis and involves both the epiphysis and metaphysis, is associated with a worse prognosis than other types, and may affect growth even with perfect reduction. Orthopedic consultation was recommended for possible open reduction and internal fixation if any displacement was present.
Salter harris 1 Power Point
A 9 year old female presented to the emergency department after falling from a horse at summer camp and injuring her right wrist. She complained of pain with palpation and movement of the wrist. Examination revealed mild swelling and tenderness over the wrist, but plain films did not show any obvious abnormalities. Due to the possibility of a Salter Harris I fracture that may not be visible on initial x-rays, the patient was splinted and advised to follow up with orthopedics in 7-10 days for repeat films to check for any delayed findings.
SCFE Power Point
An 11-year-old boy presented with left hip and knee pain for over a week. On examination, he had pain with internal rotation of the left hip. The document emphasizes that slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) can present as knee pain referred from the hip, so knee complaints should prompt evaluation of the hip. Failure to diagnose SCFE can lead to avascular necrosis, so orthopedic consultation is considered emergent and SCFE is ultimately treated with surgical repair.
Pubic Diastasis Power Point
A 27-year-old male was brought to the trauma bay after a high-speed motor vehicle collision and is complaining of severe abdominal and pelvic pain. On examination, he appears pale and uncomfortable with tenderness to palpation in the lower abdomen and instability of the pelvis. Treatment should include fluid resuscitation, pain control, stabilizing the unstable pelvis to avoid movement, and evaluating for other injuries, as pelvic fractures from high-impact accidents can cause life-threatening hemorrhage or urethral injuries.
Legg calve perthes Power Point
A 7-year-old boy presented with several weeks of left hip and knee pain. On physical exam, he had decreased range of motion of the left hip, especially with internal rotation and abduction. He was diagnosed with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, which is caused by interruption of blood flow to the capital femoral epiphysis, resulting in bone infarction and fractures. Differential diagnoses included sickle cell disease and septic hip. NSAIDs were prescribed for pain control and orthopedic follow-up was recommended.
Femoral neck fracture Power Point
A 78-year-old woman presented to the emergency department after falling at home and landing on her left hip. On examination, her left hip was tender to touch, her left leg appeared externally rotated and shortened. She was diagnosed with a left femoral neck fracture based on her mechanism of injury and physical exam findings.
Femoral neck fracture
A 78-year-old woman presented to the emergency department after falling at home and landing on her left hip. On examination, her left hip was tender to touch, her left leg appeared externally rotated and shortened. She was diagnosed with a left femoral neck fracture based on her mechanism of injury and physical exam findings.
Acetabular fracture Power Point
A 25-year-old male was brought to the emergency room after a head-on motor vehicle collision where the passenger cabin was intruded. He complained of severe right hip pain. On examination, he had a right hip deformity and tenderness. He was given pain management and an orthopedics consult, and was admitted for operative repair of an acetabular fracture.
Mallet Finger Power Point
A 20-year-old male presented with pain in his right index finger after a basketball hit the end of the finger. On examination, the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint of the right index finger was swollen, tender to touch, and the patient was unable to extend the DIP joint. A diagnosis of an intra-articular avulsion fracture of the dorsal surface of the distal phalanx was made. The treatment plan included pain control, splinting the DIP joint in extension for 6-8 weeks while allowing the other finger joints to move freely, and possible surgery if the fracture involved over 25% of the articular surface.
Bennet's Fracture Power Point
A 30-year-old male presented to the emergency department with right hand pain after punching a brick wall. He has a history of Hepatitis C and heavy alcohol use. On examination, he had tenderness and swelling over the first metacarpal bone. X-rays revealed a Bennett fracture, an intra-articular fracture of the base of the first metacarpal with a triangular fragment. The fracture was treated with closed reduction, thumb traction, and splinting. He was referred to an orthopedist for follow up.
Rolando Fracture Power Point
A 55-year-old male presented to the emergency department with left thumb pain after punching a police officer's bulletproof vest. Upon examination, there was pain and swelling at the base of the first metacarpal bone. The patient was diagnosed with a comminuted intra-articular fracture at the base of the thumb metacarpal bone. Treatment included immobilization, pain control, orthopedic referral, and typically requires operative management.
More from Todd Peterson (20)
Recently uploaded
Geography as a Discipline Chapter 1 __ Class 11 Geography NCERT _ Class Notes...
Geography as discipline
Educational Technology in the Health Sciences
Plenary presentation at the NTTC Inter-university Workshop, 18 June 2024, Manila Prince Hotel.
HYPERTENSION - SLIDE SHARE PRESENTATION.
IT WILL BE HELPFULL FOR THE NUSING STUDENTS
IT FOCUSED ON MEDICAL MANAGEMENT AND NURSING MANAGEMENT.
HIGHLIGHTS ON HEALTH EDUCATION.
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptx
(A Free eBook comprising 3 Sets of Presentation of a selection of Puzzles, Brain Teasers and Thinking Problems to exercise both the mind and the Right and Left Brain. To help keep the mind and brain fit and healthy. Good for both the young and old alike.
Answers are given for all the puzzles and problems.)
With Metta,
Bro. Oh Teik Bin ๐๐ค๐ค๐ฅฐ
skeleton System.pdf (skeleton system wow)
๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ
โ โุฅุถุบ ุจูู ุฅูุฏููู
โู
ู ุฃููู ุงูู
ูุงุฒู
ุงูุชู ุตู
ู
ุชูุง
ู
ูุฒู
ุฉ ุชุดุฑูุญ ุงูุฌูุงุฒ ุงูููููู (ูุธุฑู 3)
๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐
ุชุชู
ูุฒ ูุฐูู ุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ ุจุนูุฏุฉ ู
ูู
ูุฒุงุช :
1- ู
ูุชุฑุฌู
ุฉ ุชุฑุฌู
ุฉ ุชููุงุณุจ ุฌู
ูุน ุงูู
ุณุชููุงุช
2- ุชุญุชูู ุนูู 78 ุฑุณู
ุชูุถูุญู ููู ููู
ุฉ ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุจุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ (ููู ููู
ุฉ !!!!)
#ููู
_ู
ุงูู_ุฏุฑุฎ
3- ุฏูุฉ ุงููุชุงุจุฉ ูุงูุตูุฑ ุนุงููุฉ ุฌุฏุงู ุฌุฏุงู ุฌุฏุงู
4- ูููุงูู ุจุนุถ ุงูู
ุนููู
ุงุช ุชู
ุชูุถูุญูุง ุจุดูู ุชูุตููู ุฌุฏุงู (ุชูุนุชุจุฑ ูุฏู ุงูุทุงูุจ ุฃู ุงูุทุงูุจุฉ ุจุฅููุง ู
ุนููู
ุงุช ู
ูุจูู
ุฉ ูู
ุน ุฐูู ุชู
ุชูุถูุญ ูุฐูู ุงูู
ุนููู
ุงุช ุงูู
ูุจูู
ุฉ ุจุดูู ุชูุตููู ุฌุฏุงู
5- ุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ ุชุดุฑุญ ููุณูุง ุจ ููุณูุง ุจุณ ุชููู ุชุนุงู ุงูุฑุงูู
6- ุชุญุชูู ุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ ูู ุงูู ุณูุงูุฏ ุนูู ุฎุงุฑุทุฉ ุชุชุถู
ู ุฌู
ูุน ุชูุฑูุนุงุช ู
ุนููู
ุงุช ุงูุฌูุงุฒ ุงูููููู ุงูู
ุฐููุฑุฉ ูู ูุฐูู ุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ
ูุงุฎูุฑุงู ูุฐูู ุงูู
ูุฒู
ุฉ ุญูุงูู ุนูููู
ูุฅุชู
ูู ู
ููู
ุฅู ุชุฏุนููู ุจุงูุฎูุฑ ูุงูุตุญุฉ ูุงูุนุงููุฉ ููุท
ูู ุงูุชูููู ุฒู
ูุงุฆู ูุฒู
ููุงุชู ุ ุฒู
ูููู
ู
ุญู
ุฏ ุงูุฐูุจู ๐๐
๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฅ
Information and Communication Technology in Education
(๐๐๐ ๐๐๐) (๐๐๐ฌ๐ฌ๐จ๐ง 2)-๐๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ฆ๐ฌ
๐๐ฑ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ข๐ง ๐๐๐ฎ๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง:
Students will be able to explain the role and impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education. They will understand how ICT tools, such as computers, the internet, and educational software, enhance learning and teaching processes. By exploring various ICT applications, students will recognize how these technologies facilitate access to information, improve communication, support collaboration, and enable personalized learning experiences.
๐๐ข๐ฌ๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐๐๐ฅ๐ ๐ฌ๐จ๐ฎ๐ซ๐๐๐ฌ ๐จ๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ข๐ง๐ญ๐๐ซ๐ง๐๐ญ:
-Students will be able to discuss what constitutes reliable sources on the internet. They will learn to identify key characteristics of trustworthy information, such as credibility, accuracy, and authority. By examining different types of online sources, students will develop skills to evaluate the reliability of websites and content, ensuring they can distinguish between reputable information and misinformation.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
NIPER 2024 MEMORY BASED QUESTIONS.ANSWERS TO NIPER 2024 QUESTIONS.NIPER JEE 2...
NIPER JEE PYQ
NIPER JEE QUESTIONS
MOST FREQUENTLY ASK QUESTIONS
NIPER MEMORY BASED QUWSTIONS
220711130082 Srabanti Bag Internet Resources For Natural Science
Internet resources for natural science
BรI TแบฌP Bแป TRแปข TIแบพNG ANH LแปP 8 - Cแบข NฤM - FRIENDS PLUS - NฤM HแปC 2023-2024 (B...
BรI TแบฌP Bแป TRแปข TIแบพNG ANH LแปP 8 - Cแบข NฤM - FRIENDS PLUS - NฤM HแปC 2023-2024 (B...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/nrwz52lilmrw6m5kqeqn83q6vbdp8yzpย
KHUSWANT SINGH.pptx ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT KHUSHWANT SINGH
INDIA`S OWN LITERARY GENIUS MR.KHUSHWANT SINGH WAS TRULY A VERY BRAVE SOUL AND WAS AWARDED WITH THE MAGIC OF WORDS BY GOD.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
220711130100 udita Chakraborty Aims and objectives of national policy on inf...
Aims and objectives of national policy on information and communication technology(ICT) in school education in india
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
Recently uploaded (20)
Geography as a Discipline Chapter 1 __ Class 11 Geography NCERT _ Class Notes...
Geography as a Discipline Chapter 1 __ Class 11 Geography NCERT _ Class Notes...
ย
220711130088 Sumi Basak Virtual University EPC 3.pptx
220711130088 Sumi Basak Virtual University EPC 3.pptx
ย
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptx
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptx
ย
Information and Communication Technology in Education
Information and Communication Technology in Education
ย
NIPER 2024 MEMORY BASED QUESTIONS.ANSWERS TO NIPER 2024 QUESTIONS.NIPER JEE 2...
NIPER 2024 MEMORY BASED QUESTIONS.ANSWERS TO NIPER 2024 QUESTIONS.NIPER JEE 2...
ย
220711130082 Srabanti Bag Internet Resources For Natural Science
220711130082 Srabanti Bag Internet Resources For Natural Science
ย
BรI TแบฌP Bแป TRแปข TIแบพNG ANH LแปP 8 - Cแบข NฤM - FRIENDS PLUS - NฤM HแปC 2023-2024 (B...
BรI TแบฌP Bแป TRแปข TIแบพNG ANH LแปP 8 - Cแบข NฤM - FRIENDS PLUS - NฤM HแปC 2023-2024 (B...
ย
KHUSWANT SINGH.pptx ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT KHUSHWANT SINGH
KHUSWANT SINGH.pptx ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT KHUSHWANT SINGH
ย
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
ย
220711130100 udita Chakraborty Aims and objectives of national policy on inf...
220711130100 udita Chakraborty Aims and objectives of national policy on inf...
ย
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...
ย
Lobar pneumonia Power Point
- 2. ๏ 76 yr old female with pmhx notable for htn presents with 3 days worsening dyspnea on exertion. Pt endorses cough productive of โyellowโ sputum with subjective fevers and chills. She denies outright chest pain but complains of weakness and decreased appetite. ๏ T 102.7 P 130 BP 130/78 O2 94% (ra), RR 22 ๏ Gen: thin, anxious ๏ CV: Tachycardic, RRythm ๏ Pulm: Lungs โcoarse breath souns bil. with upper airway congestion; movement decreased in the right mid/lower field.
- 4. 1. Note obscured right heart border signifying an anterior right middle lobe process rather than right lower lobe 2. Again on lateral view the consolidation is localized to the right middle lobe.
- 5. ๏ Oxygen ๏ IV Fluids ๏ Antibiotics ๏ ABX selection is based on clinical presentation; community vs inpatient, immunocompetent vs compromised, severity of illness, previous episodes, etc. ๏ Admit ๏ Location based on acuity/respiratory status
- 6. ๏ Appearance ๏ Lobar pneumonia appears as an ill-defined opacity with indistinct borders on CXR secondary to focal air-space filling . ๏ Antibiotics ๏ Antibiotic selection is based on the clinical scenario; the causative organism is rarely known and radiologic presentation is not organism specific. ๏ Populations ๏ Immunocompromised, asplenic, and patients at the extremes of age are susceptible to a rapidly progressive illness. ๏ Chest X-ray Utility ๏ Pneumonia is a clinical diagnosis; CXR will occasionally appear normal if the patient presents early or with mild illness.
- 7. Left middle region Right middle lobe