This document provides an overview of classical and Hellenistic Greece from 600 BC to 33 BC. It discusses the rise of Athens during the Golden Age under Pericles and its cultural achievements. However, tensions grew between Athens and Sparta, leading to the Peloponnesian War from 431-404 BC, which devastated Athens. Subsequently, Philip II and his son Alexander the Great expanded Greek influence through military conquests. The period after Alexander saw the rise of Hellenistic kingdoms and the spread of Greek culture and ideas throughout the Mediterranean and Asia.

1. Classical and Hellenistic Greece;
Greek Culture and Society
Weeks 6 – 7

2. Homework
 Ch. 4 Canvas Quiz (10/16)
 Discussion (10/17)
 2nd PSR (10/20)
 Midterm (10/24)
Alexander the Great, 2nd or 1st C. BC

3. Overview:
 600 BC – 33 BC
 Classical Greece
 The Peloponnesian War
 Alexander the Great
 The Hellenistic Age
 Greek Culture
Laocoön and His Sons

4. The Golden Age of Athens
 Persian threat
 Delian League, 478-7 BC
 Treasury, 454 BC
 Pericles (495 – 429 BC)
 Political faction
 Thetes
 Athenian Navy
 Aspasia
 Hetairai
 Culture
 Socrates
 Drama
 The Acropolis and the
Parthenon
Pericles, 440 – 430 BC
(Roman copy, 2nd C AD)

5. The Parthenon, 447 – 432 BC

6. Greece in the 5th Century BC

7. Athens and Sparta
 Tension
 30 Years’ Peace, 446 BC
 Corcyra, 435 BC
 The Peloponnesian War,
431-404 BC
 Causes
 Democracy vs. Oligarchy
Plaster cast of marble relief, Mausoleum,
Turkey, c. 350 BC

8. The Peloponnesian War
 Strategies?
 Long Walls
 Major events
 430 BC, plague
 421 BC, Peace of Nicias
 Nicias (470 – 413 BC)
 416 BC, Siege of Melos
 415-413 BC, Sicilian Expedition
 406 BC, Battle of Arginusae
 405 BC, Battle of Aegospotami
 Alcibiades, c. 450 – 404 BC

9. The Peloponnesian War

10. The Peloponnesian War
Greek Herm Jean-Baptiste Regnault, Socrates
dragging Alcibiades from the Embrace of
Sensual Pleasure, 1791

11. Aftermath
 Results
 The Thirty Tyrants
 A Spartan Empire?
 The Corinthian War
(395 – 387 BC)
 Thebes
 Epaminondas
(418 – 362 BC)
 4th century Greece
 Persia

12. Alexander the Great
and the Hellenistic World

13. Ancient Greece

14. Macedonia
 Greece in 4th Century
 Geography
 Culture and Politics
 Philip II of Macedonia (382-
336 BC)
 Military reforms
 Battle of Chaeronea, 338 BC

15. Macedonian Phalanx

16. Alexander the Great (356-323 BC)
 Influences
 Parents
 Aristotle
 Companions
 Darius III
 Battle of the Granicus, 334 BC
 Gordion
 Battle of Issus, 333 BC
Alexander Sarcophagus, late 4th C. BC

17. Alexander the Great (356-323 BC)
 Tyre, 332 BC
 Egypt
 Battle of Gaugamela, 331 BC
 Persepolis, 330 BC
 Afghanistan
 India
 Battle of the Hydaspes River,
326 BC
 Babylon, 323 BC

18. Alexander’s Empire

19. Alexander Mosaic, Pompeii, c. 100 BC

20. Alexander Mosaic, Pompeii, c. 100 BC

21. The Hellenistic Age (323-33 BC)
 Successor Kingdoms
 Macedonia – Antigonids
 Syria – Seleucids
 Pergamum – Attalids
 Egypt – Ptolemies
 Bactria
 Cities
 Politics
 Cosmopolitan
Alexander the Great,
2nd half of 2nd
Century BC

22. The Hellenistic Age (323-33 BC)

23. Greek Culture

24. Greek and Egyptian Art
Kouros, c. 600 BC Egyptian, early 7th C BC

25. Temple of Aphaia, Aegina,
c. 500 BC

26. Temple of Aphaia, Aegina,
c. 500 BC

27. Classical Sculpture
Polyclitus, Doryphorus,
c. 450 – 440 BC Artemesion Bronze, 460s BC
 g

28. Drunken Old Woman, late 3rd – early
2nd C BC, Roman Copy

29. Athenian Acropolis

30. The Parthenon, 447 – 432 BC

31. The Parthenon (Reconstructed)

32. Inside
Reconstructed Statue of
Athena Parthenos, 1990

33. Parthenon, East Pediment

34. Parthenon, East Pediment

35. Parthenon Frieze

36. Parthenon Frieze

37. Greek Influence
The Second Bank of the United
States, Philadelphia, 1824 The Lincoln Memorial, 1922

38. The Altar of Zeus, from Pergamum,
1st half, 2nd century BC

39. Altar of Zeus

40. Classical & Hellenistic Sculpture
Parthenon
 a
Altar of Zeus

41. Who are these figures?

42. Bactria and Ghandharan Art
Bactria, 2nd C BC Buddha & Hercules, 2nd C. AD

43. Greek Influence
Left: Yakshi Statue, 3rd C BC
Right: Bodhisatva/Buddha, 2nd-3rd C AD

44. Greek Society
 Women and family life
 Olympics, 776 BC
 Libraries
 Gymnasium
 Religion:
 Oracle
 Civic Cult
 Mystery Religions
 Syncretism
 Maccabee Revolt (167-142 BC)
 Hasmoneans
Cult of Isis, Herculaneum, Italy

45. Olympic Victor

46. Victory of Judas Maccabeus,
17th Century

47. Classical Philosophy
 Thales (c. 624 – 546 BC)
 Miletus
 Socrates (470 – 399 BC)
 Sophists
 Rhetoric
 Socratic Method
 Trial
 Plato (429 – 347 BC)
 Ideal Forms
 Academy
 Aristotle (384-322 BC)
 Lyceum
David, The Death of Socrates, 1787

48. Hellenistic Philosophy
 Skepticism
 Cynicism
 Diogenes of Sinope (d.
323 BC)
 Epicureanism
 Epicurus (341-270 BC
 Stoicism
 Zeno (335-263 BC)
Ptolemy II and Arsinoë II, 3rd C. BC

49. Culture and Society of Classical Greece
 The Writing of History
 Herodotus (c. 484 – c. 425 BC)
 The Persian Wars
 Thucydides (c. 460-c. 400 BC)
 History of the Peloponnesian War

50.  “It will be enough for me, however, if
these words of mine are judged useful by
those who want to understand clearly the
events which happened in the past and
which (human nature being what it is) will,
at some time or other and in much the
same ways, be repeated in the future.”
 Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian
Wars

51. Greek Theater
 Religion
 Festival
 Aeschylus (525-456 BC)
 Sophocles (496-406 BC)
 Oedipus the King
 Hubris
 Euripides (484-406 BC)
 Aristophanes (446-386 BC)
 Lysistrata
Theater of Dionysus, Athens

52. p77
The Amphitheater at Epidaurus

53. p77
The Amphitheater at Epidaurus