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1. Water Soluble VitaminsWater Soluble Vitamins
© PDST Home Economics© PDST Home Economics

2. Vitamin CVitamin C
Ascorbic AcidAscorbic Acid

3. PropertiesProperties
 White, crystalline, solidWhite, crystalline, solid
 AcidAcid
 Water solubleWater soluble
 Most unstable vitaminMost unstable vitamin
 Destroyed by heat, light, air, alkalis, oxidaseDestroyed by heat, light, air, alkalis, oxidase
(enzyme).(enzyme).
 It is an antioxidantIt is an antioxidant

4. SourcesSources
 Fruit: Blackcurrants, Kiwi,Fruit: Blackcurrants, Kiwi,
Strawberries Oranges,Strawberries Oranges,
Grapefruit, Melons.Grapefruit, Melons.
 Vegetables: Peppers,Vegetables: Peppers,
Cabbage, Tomatoes,Cabbage, Tomatoes,
Spinach, Broccoli,Spinach, Broccoli,
PotatoesPotatoes..

5. FunctionsFunctions
 Helps make collagen which is needed for growth.Helps make collagen which is needed for growth.
 Healthy Blood Vessels.Healthy Blood Vessels.
 Speeds healing, prevents bruising.Speeds healing, prevents bruising.
 Antioxidant protects against CHD, cancer etc…Antioxidant protects against CHD, cancer etc…
 Helps immune system fight infection.Helps immune system fight infection.
 Needed for absorption of Iron and CalciumNeeded for absorption of Iron and Calcium

6. Effects of deficiencyEffects of deficiency
 Weaker skin and blood vesselsWeaker skin and blood vessels
 Slow healing, easily bruised.Slow healing, easily bruised.
 AnaemiaAnaemia
 Scurvy affecting teeth, gums,Scurvy affecting teeth, gums,
skinskin

7. R.D.A.R.D.A.
 Children:Children: 45mg45mg
 Adolescents & Adults:Adolescents & Adults: 60mg60mg
 Pregnancy & Lactation:Pregnancy & Lactation: 80mg80mg

8. ScurvyScurvy
 Disease caused by lack of Vit CDisease caused by lack of Vit C
 Common in past among sailors due to lack of fruit andCommon in past among sailors due to lack of fruit and
vegetables.vegetables.
Symptoms:Symptoms:
 Bleeding under the skinBleeding under the skin
 Swollen spongy gumsSwollen spongy gums
 Loose teethLoose teeth

9. Vitamin B GroupVitamin B Group
First thought to be one vitamin now weFirst thought to be one vitamin now we
know there are 12 in the groupknow there are 12 in the group

10. Vitamin B GroupVitamin B Group
 B1 ThiaminB1 Thiamin
 B2 RiboflavinB2 Riboflavin
 B3 NiacinB3 Niacin
 B6 PyrodoxineB6 Pyrodoxine
 B12 CobalamineB12 Cobalamine
 Folate or Folic AcidFolate or Folic Acid

11. B1 ThiamineB1 Thiamine
PropertiesProperties SourcesSources FunctionsFunctions DeficiencyDeficiency
WaterWater
solublesoluble
Unstable inUnstable in
heatheat
Destroyed byDestroyed by
alkali, UV.alkali, UV.
Lost inLost in
millingmilling
BreakfastBreakfast
cerealscereals
EggsEggs
YeastYeast
Whole grainsWhole grains
SunflowerSunflower
seedsseeds
PotatoesPotatoes
Made in gutMade in gut
ReleasesReleases
energy fromenergy from
carbs and fatcarbs and fat
HealthyHealthy
nerves &nerves &
musclesmuscles
NormalNormal
growthgrowth
Makes HCl inMakes HCl in
stomachstomach
Rare,Rare,
TirednessTiredness
Irritability,Irritability,
Depression,Depression,
No appetiteNo appetite
Child -Child -
retardedretarded
growthgrowth
Severe-Beri-Severe-Beri-
beriberi

12. B2 RiboflavinB2 Riboflavin
PropertiesProperties SourcesSources FunctionsFunctions DeficiencyDeficiency
Water solubleWater soluble
Destroyed byDestroyed by
light, highlight, high
temp, alkalistemp, alkalis
MeatMeat
OffalOffal
BreakfastBreakfast
cerealscereals
EggEgg
MilkMilk
Cheese NutsCheese Nuts
ReleaseRelease
energy fromenergy from
protein, fats,protein, fats,
carbs.carbs.
HealthyHealthy
mucosemucose
membrane.membrane.
Healthy hair,Healthy hair,
skin, nails.skin, nails.
FatigueFatigue
DermatitisDermatitis
Skin rashesSkin rashes
Cracked lips,Cracked lips,
tonguetongue
Eye problemsEye problems
RetardedRetarded
growthgrowth

13. B3 NiacinB3 Niacin
PropertiesProperties SourcesSources FunctionsFunctions DeficiencyDeficiency
Water sol.Water sol.
Stable inStable in
heat, acid &heat, acid &
alkali.alkali.
Lost inLost in
millingmilling
MeatMeat
OffalOffal
BreadBread
BreakfastBreakfast
cerealscereals
NutsNuts
TunaTuna
Made in bodyMade in body
fromfrom
trytophantrytophan
EnergyEnergy
release fromrelease from
foodfood
HealthyHealthy
nerves andnerves and
muscles.muscles.
NormalNormal
growthgrowth
Healthy skinHealthy skin
FatigueFatigue
DepressionDepression
Memory lossMemory loss
PellagraPellagra
(dementia,(dementia,
dermatitis,dermatitis,
diarrhoea)diarrhoea)

14. B6 PyrodoxineB6 Pyrodoxine
PropertiesProperties SourcesSources FunctionsFunctions DeficiencyDeficiency
Water sol.Water sol.
Heat stableHeat stable
DestroyedDestroyed
by alkali, UVby alkali, UV
light, oxygenlight, oxygen
MeatMeat
OffalOffal
NutsNuts
YeastYeast
FishFish
Green veg.Green veg.
PulsesPulses
MetabolismMetabolism
pro, carbspro, carbs
&fat&fat
HealthyHealthy
nervesnerves
Making redMaking red
blood cellsblood cells
Relives pmtRelives pmt
& morning& morning
sicknesssickness
RareRare
IrritabilityIrritability
DermatitisDermatitis
InsomniaInsomnia
ConvulsionsConvulsions
in babiesin babies
PMTPMT

15. B12 CobalaminB12 Cobalamin
PropertiesProperties SourcesSources FunctionsFunctions DeficiencyDeficiency
Water sol.Water sol.
DestroyedDestroyed
by acid,by acid,
alkali, UValkali, UV
lightlight
RDARDA
Children 1Children 1μμgg
Teen, AdultTeen, Adult
1.41.4 μμgg
Preg 1.6Preg 1.6 μμgg
MeatMeat
LiverLiver
EggEgg
MilkMilk
CheeseCheese
FishFish
PoultryPoultry
FortifiedFortified
vegan foodvegan food
eg TVP, Soyaeg TVP, Soya
MetabolismMetabolism
of fatty acidof fatty acid
and folate.and folate.
HealthyHealthy
nervesnerves
NormalNormal
growthgrowth
Making redMaking red
blood cellsblood cells
FatigueFatigue
DeterioratioDeterioratio
n of nerven of nerve
fibresfibres
PerniciousPernicious
anaemia –anaemia –
low redlow red
blood cellblood cell
countcount

16. Folate / Folic AcidFolate / Folic Acid
PropertiesProperties SourcesSources FunctionsFunctions DeficiencyDeficiency
Water sol.Water sol.
DestroyedDestroyed
by alkali, air,by alkali, air,
UV light.UV light.
Stable inStable in
acidacid
RDARDA
ChildChild
200200μμgg
Teen/ AdultTeen/ Adult
300300μμgg
BreakfastBreakfast
cerealscereals
WholemealWholemeal
breadbread
Wheat germWheat germ
Wheat branWheat bran
MilkMilk
SpinachSpinach
SupplementsSupplements
Making ofMaking of
new cells innew cells in
foetusfoetus
Making DNAMaking DNA
duringduring
pregnancy.pregnancy.
Making redMaking red
blood cellsblood cells
ImmuneImmune
Neural tubeNeural tube
defects e.g.defects e.g.
Spina bifidaSpina bifida
Tiredness &Tiredness &
Anaemia inAnaemia in
youngyoung
children andchildren and
preg. women.preg. women.