This document provides information on different types of punches used in metalworking, including solid and hollow punches. It discusses common solid punches like pin punches, pilot punches, taper punches, center punches, and prick punches. Center punches are available in hand-held or automatic types and are used to mark metal for drilling. Prick punches have a sharp point and are used to precisely mark soft metals. The document outlines how to properly use punches, including placing a board under the workpiece, and emphasizes taking light taps to avoid damage. It also stresses the importance of using the correct punch for the task and proper care of punch tools.

1. Cutting Tools
(specifically on
Punches)

2. Introduction
What is punches?
Solid Type
What is Solid Type
Punch?
Different kinds &
function
How to Use
Care of the tools
Hollow Type
How to use and care
of punches
What is Hollow Punch?
How to protect the
working end

3. What is punches?
- Workshop uses punches for locating centers for
drawing circles,
- to punch holes in sheet metals,
- to start holes for drilling,
- to remove damage rivets, bolts or pins and;
- to transfer location of holes in patterns

4. 2 Basic Types
of Punches
 SOLID TYPE
 HOLLOW TYPE

5. What is SOLID TYPE?
- are the one-piece rod shaped tools made of metal
designed to be struck by hammer,
- it is used to mark metal, drive pins, align holes and to do
other similar jobs to form on a work piece
- can vary in diameter, length and tip, depending on the
job to be performed

6. What is HOLLOW TYPE?
- are usually designed for punching holes in leather, paper
and other similar materials to create a hole
- is easily identified by its “exit hole” located near the
working end
- the exit hole allows the punched material to be removed
and discarded
- the working end can vary in shape and size depending
on the hole required and the material being pierced

7. MOST COMMON SOLID PUNCHES
PIN PUNCHES
- used to drive or remove pins, after been
loosened by a taper punch

8. PILOT PUNCHES
- also known as “ROLL PIN
PUNCHES”, they are designed to
drive or remove hollow tension
pins, such as tapered & rolled or
solid pins
MOST COMMON SOLID PUNCHES

9. TAPER PUNCHES
- designed for loosening and driving pins,
- can also be used to align existing holes in 2 or
more work pieces prior to bolting or riveting
MOST COMMON SOLID PUNCHES

10. CENTER PUNCHES
- also known as “OCTAGNAL PUNCHES”, used
to make a mark on a material where a hole will be
drilled, when struck a small indentation is made in the
work piece
MOST COMMON SOLID PUNCHES

11. PRICK PUNCHES
- also known as “DOT
PUNCHES”, essentially the same as
the center punch only it is designed for
used in soft materials, can also be
used to scribe marking lined prior to
cutting or riveting
MOST COMMON SOLID PUNCHES

12. ALIGNING PUNCHES
- used to align 2 or
more holes in order to permit
the insertion of a fastener
- is not meant to be
struck and therefore not
recommended for driving
pins, rivets or bolts
MOST COMMON SOLID PUNCHES

13.  Grabbing a PIN PUNCH to break/loose a pin,
when the proper tool to use would be a
TAPERED PUNCH
COMMON MISTAKES AND
CORRECT USE
 A TAPERED PUNCH is specifically designed
to take the heavy pounding needed to loosen
pins

14.  Using a PIN PUNCH to start the initial
removal can damage punch and the part
being driven, the result is reduced
productivity and increased risk to personal
safety
COMMON MISTAKES AND
CORRECT USE

15.  The correct approach for breaking a pin loose is
to start with a taper punch then switch to the pin
punch to complete the removal
 For this reason, it is highly recommended that
mechanics have a matching tapered punch
every pin punch in their tool box
COMMON MISTAKES AND
CORRECT USE

16.  It is recommended that a board made of either
wood or plastic be placed between work
surface and material being pierced
 This board should be strong enough to protect
the work surface and yet soft enough to prevent
the working end from being damage
HOW TO PROTECT THE
WORKING END

17.  PRICK OR DOT PUNCH
 CENTER OR OCTAGONAL PUNCHES
METAL WORKS

18. 60° point
OR DOT PUNCH
PRICK PUNCH

19. What is prick/dot punch?
- has a long conical-shaped point ranges from 3-5
inches in length overall,
- it is used to mark soft metal,
- is used to precisely create a dimple in metal for
layout work or further expansion by a center punch
- has a shaper point than a center punch which can
help in initial placement and with a 60 ° point
- useful for placing reference marks on metal

20. STEPS IN USING
PRICK PUNCH
IN
PLACING

21. FIRST
:
Wear safety gears
SECOND : You will need to place the paper pattern
directly on the metal and orient it correctly
THIRD : Now go over the outline of the pattern with the
prick punch
FOURTH : Tap it lightly with a small hammer so that the
punch makes slight indentation on the metal at
major points on the drawing
FIFTH : Use these indentations as reference marks for
cutting the metal
5 STEPS:

22. REMEMBER :
Be careful NEVER TO STRIKE A
HEAVY BLOW with the hammer as
it may cause the PRICK PUNCH to
bend or even damage the work
material excessively

23. Automatic
Type
Hand-held
Type
90° point
OR DIAGONAL PUNCH
CENTER PUNCH

24. What is center/octagonal punch?
- is useful when making large indentations in
metal, such as necessary to engage a twist drill
- usually a center punch is heavier than a prick
punch and has a point ground to an angle of 60 ° point

25.  HAND-HELD TYPE
 THE AUTOMATIC TYPE
2 Kinds of Center
Punches

26. HAND-HELD TYPE
- has a narrow, cone-shaped point terminating in
a sharp conical tip
- hand-held types; range from 1/8 to 5/8 inches
in diameter and from 3 to 6 inches in long
- the hand-held punch must be stuck with a
hammer

27. Hand-held
Type
90° point

28. AUTOMATIC TYPE
- it has an adjustable regulator for determining the
impact of the punch
- it has also interchangeable points
- the automatic punch contains a tension spring
for marking without the use of a hammer

29. Automatic
Type
90° point

30. PARTS
OF
A
PUNCH TOOL

31. -It is where you can place
your fingers to hold your punch
HEAD
SHANK
TIP
PARTS OF A PUNCH
-It is where you can
stuck your hammer
-It is used to make a
mark in locating the center for
drilling

32. HOW TO
USE
A
PUNCH TOOL

33. FIRST
:
Wear safety gears
SECOND : The punch must be held at a slight angle while
the point is placed
THIRD : Then, straighten it up until it is exactly
perpendicular to the surface of the metal
FOURTH : Hold the shank of the punch between the
thumb and the first and second fingers
FIFTH : Using the machinist’s hammer, make several
quick taps in line with the punch
5 STEPS FOR PRICK PUNCH:

34. PRICK PUNCH:

35. CENTER PUNCH:

36. CENTER PUNCH:

37. CENTER PUNCH:

38. CENTER PUNCH:

39. CENTER PUNCH:

40. Care
of
Punches

42. Care of Punches

43. Thank
You ! 