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Bench_fitting_tool_mechanical_workshop.ppt
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- 2. Industrial Tool Usage Two categories Hand tools 1. Cutting tools 2. Non cutting tools Machine tools Importance of hand tools should not be overlooked
- 3. Classes of HandTools Cutting Tools Used to separate, part, trim, or divide parts Include saws, grinders, files, and etc.
- 4. Classes of HandTools Noncutting Tools Used basically for holding, forming, assembling, reassembling, destroying, or dismantling parts Include vices, hammers, screwdrivers, wrenches, pliers, and etc.
- 5. Bench Fitting Shop Fittingis the process of assembling various parts manufactured in the machine shop.
- 6. Bench Fitting Tools Toolsused in Fitting shop 1.Measuring tools 2.Marking tools 3.Holding tools 4.Striking tools 5.Loosening and tightening tools 6.Cutting tools 7.Threading tools
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- 8. Measuring Tools SteelRule Vernier Caliper Measuring Tape Thread Pitch Gauge Feeler Gauge Try Square
- 9. Try square Usedto test the trueness of mutually perpendicular surfaces.
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- 11. Marking Tools Marking isthe process of layout of sizes on work piece. The following tools are used in marking out operations. 1. Scriber 2. Punch 3. Divider
- 12. Scriber Used likea pencil to mark, scratch line on the work piece for transferring drawing on it. It can be used for marking as well as checking.
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- 14. Divider A dividerused in fitting shop is similar to that of spring caliper, except that both legs are straight and sharp. The tool is used to transfer dimensions, scribing circles and for laying out of drawing.
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- 16. Work bench Thework bench is a strong, heavy and rigid table made up of hard wood. Bench vice , is the device used to hold the workpiece and it is rigidly clamped on the top of the table as shown.
- 17. Bench Vice AlsoCalled Machinist’s Vice Used to hold small work securely for sawing, filing, polishing, drilling, reaming, and tapping It consists of one moveable and one fixed jaw. The jaws are opened upto required length, job is placed in the two jaws and is fully tightened with handle.
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- 19. Clamping Device C-Clamp Popular inPlant settings 2” to 12” Allows clamping two or more items together or clamping one item to another
- 20. Clamping Device BoilerClamps Heavy Duty 6” to 24”
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- 22. Striking Tools Theseare used for striking purposes like punching, chipping, marking, bending, straightening and riveting Hammer is basic striking tool
- 23. Parts of hammer Peen Face Eye hole Handle Cheek Wedge
- 24. Types of hammer Ball Peen hammer Straight Peen hammer Cross Peen hammer
- 25. Hard Faced Hammers Ball Peen Peen: smaller, rounded end Used in riveting or peening operations Variety of sizes Shop Tools and Techniques
- 26. Hard Faced Hammers Claw type Smaller striking surface Claw end can be used for prying nails and etc Variety of sizes
- 27. Soft-Faced Hammers Facesmade of plastic or rubber. Plastic or rubber faced hammers are fastened to steel body and replaced when worn Used in assembling or dismantling parts so finished surface of work not marred
- 28. Soft-Faced Hammers Headswith replaceable faces made of plastic or rubber
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- 30. Screwdrivers Two mostcommon types Standard or flat blade Phillips
- 31. Flat Screwdrivers Tipfor use with slotted-type screw Manufactured in various sizes To suit various-sized slots in heads of fasteners Shop Tools and Techniques
- 32. Phillips Screwdrivers Tipfor use with Phillips-type screws
- 33. Spanners Many typesused in machine shop work Each suited for specific purpose Name derived from use, shape, or construction Most available in both inch and metric measuring systems
- 34. C type Spanner Single-ended or double-ended C type spanners Double-ended have different-size opening at each end
- 35. Ring Spanner Completelysurround nut and useful in close quarters where only small rotation of nut can be obtained at one time Box end has 4, 6, or 12 precisely cut notches around inside face Notches fit closely over points on outside of nut Have different sizes at each end
- 36. Box Spanner It consistsof a steel tube which has hexagonal heads on both sides which fully cover the head of the nut or the bolt to be opened.
- 37. Adjustable Wrenches Maybe adjusted to within certain range to fit several sizes of nuts or bolt heads Useful for odd-size nuts or when proper size not available Can slip when not properly adjusted to flats of nut
- 38. Pipe Wrenches Madeof Cast Iron, Aluminum, or Beryllium/Copper Used to loosen or tighten pipe connections 6” to 48”
- 39. Allen keys Commonlycalled hex keys Hexagonal fits into recesses of socket head setscrews and capscrews
- 40. Pliers Useful forgripping and holding small parts for certain machining operations or when assembling parts Many types and sizes Names by shape, function or construction
- 41. Types of Pliers Combination or slip-joint pliers Adjustable to grip both large and small work Grip work when small holes must be drilled or for bending or twisting light, thin materials Shop Tools and Techniques
- 42. Types of Pliers Side-cutting pliers Used mainly for cutting, gripping, and bending of small diameter (1/8 in. or less) rods or wires
- 43. Types of Pliers Needle-nose pliers Available in both straight- and bent-nose types Useful for holding very small parts, positioning them in hard-to-get-at places and bending wire
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- 45. Cutting Tools Often necessaryto perform certain metal- cutting operations at bench or on job Common tools Hacksaws Files Chisels
- 46. Hand Hacksaw Solidframe rigid and will accommodate blades of one specific length Adjustable frame more common and will take blades from 10 to 12 in. long Wing nut provides adjustment
- 47. Files Hand cuttingtool made of high-carbon steel Used to remove surplus metal and to produce finished surfaces Manufactured in variety of types and shape
- 48. Single-cut Files Singlerow of parallel teeth running diagonally across face Used when smooth finish desired Include mill, long-angle lathe, and saw files
- 49. Double-cut Files Twointersecting rows of teeth First row called overcut Second row called upcut Hundreds of cutting teeth Provides for fast removal of metals and easy clearing of chips
- 50. Machinist Files Typesmost commonly used in shop • Flat • Round • Half-round • Square • Triangle
- 51. Flat File Usedfor general filing of metals such as steel. Rectangular in section and are the Most common type of file used in workshops.
- 52. Round File Roundin cross-section and gradually tapered over their length. Used for enlarging round holes or cutting scalloped edges
- 53. Half round File Used for filing curved surfaces Useful for filing internal curves
- 54. Square File Squarefile is quite thin and fits into corners well. Used to file slots in metal
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- 56. Filing Methods Cross filing Filestrokes are made in diagonal form from right to left and then from left to right Used for medium and heavy cuts 56
- 57. Filing Methods Straight filing File is pressed and moved forward approximately right angles to the length of the work On back stroke the file is lifted Suitable to the narrow pieces of work
- 58. Filing Methods Draw filing Boththe hands are kept on the two ends of the file blade and the blade is kept at the right angles to the length of the work. Forward and backward strokes of the file will smoothen the surface of work.
- 59. Care of Files 1.Do not store files where they rub together Don’t throw into drawer with other files 2. Never use file as pry of hammer 3. Do not knock file on vise or other metallic object to clean it Use brush or file card 4. Apply pressure only on forward stroke
- 60. Chisel Chisels areused to cut or chip off metal from work piece. Two types of chisel 1. Flat chisel 2. Cross cut chisel
- 61. Flat Chisel Usedto chip off excess metal from the surface of the job. Used for cutting sheets, rods, bars, wires and similar metallic pieces.
- 62. Cross Cut Chisel It has a slightly wider cutting end than the body but narrow in thickness Used to cut groves , keys, ways Width of cutting edges varies from 4 to 12mm
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- 64. Threading Tools Tapis used to cut internal threads on a hole drilled to the core diameter of the thread. Die is used to cut threads on a round bar of a metal, such as the threads on a bolt.
- 65. Types of handTaps Bottoming tap Plug or intermediate tap Taper tap
- 66. Types of handDies Solid die Screw adjusting die Open adjusting die