3. • A coordinate system is a grid
use to identify locations on a
page or screen that is
equivalent to grid location on
the globe. The most common
coordinate system used is by
using longitude and latitude.
4. LONGITUDE
• Lines of longitude or meridians
circle the circle from north to south.
It divides the earth into the west
sections.
The starting point for
longitude is the Prime Meridian.
The Prime Meridian is at longitude
00 (0 degree). To the right of the
Prime Meridian, longitude is written
this way: 150 E, and so on. To the
left of the Prime Meridian, the
longitude is written as 150 W, 300 W,
and so on.
5. LATITUDE
• Lines of latitude or parallels circle
the earth from east to west and
divide the earth into north and
south section.
The starting point for
latitude is the equator. The
equator is at latitude 00 (0
degree).
At the North Pole, the
latitude is 900 N (90 degrees
north). At the South Pole, the
latitudes is 900 S (90 degrees
south).
6.
7. •The equator is also called the
great circle around the Earth that
is equidistant from the
geographic poles and lies in a
plane perpendicular to the Earth's
axis. It divides the Earth halfway
into the Northern and Southern
hemispheres at 0 degrees latitude
and forms the imaginary
reference line.
8. • The starting point
for latitude is the
equator at latitude
0° (0 degree). At
the North Pole, the
latitude is 90°N
(90 degrees north)
and at the South
Pole, the latitude
is 90°S (90 degrees
south).
9. • The lines of latitude are also
known as parallels of latitude.
10. •Tropic of Cancer and the
Tropic of Capricorn. The
part of the world between
these two parallel lines is
called the tropics.
Countries that are in this
zone experience a tropical
climate where the annual
average temperature is
above 18°C.
11. •Arctic Circle and the
Antarctic Circle on the
globe. Between the Tropic of
Cancer and the Arctic Circle
is the northern temperate
zone; between the Tropic of
Capricorn and the Antarctic
Circle is the southern
temperate zone. Countries
in these zones go through
four seasons – winter, spring
summer, and autumn.
12. •The areas within the Arctic
Circle and Antarctic Circle
are called the polar regions
or frigid zones. People who
choose to live in these areas
have to deal with
temperatures that never go
above 10°C. It is cold all
year round and even during
the summer months, it does
not feel like summer at all.
13.
14. To sum up, the closer the latitude is to
the equator, the warmer the climate. The
closer it is to the poles, the colder. Thus,
it is clear that there is a relationship
between the latitude of a place and the
climate it experiences.
15. WHAT’S MORE
Directions: Study the diagram
below. Identify the latitude (in
degrees) and indicate the
position (N-North and S-
South) of the numbered points
on the globe. Complete the
table below and write your
answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
16. Point of the Globe Parallel Latitudes
1 60 N
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 450S
10
17. Point of the Globe Parallel Latitudes
1 60 N
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 450S
10
450N
300N
150N
150N
50N
300S
450S
250S
18. WHAT I CAN DO
• Directions: Locate the
latitude of some areas here
in the Philippines using the
points given below on the
Philippine Map. Write your
answers on a separate
sheet of paper.
22. •Lines which run from north to south are called
longitudes. The longitude which passes through
Greenwich, England is called the prime meridian.
23. • The prime meridian is read as 0º
longitude. The degree increases as
it moves westward or eastward
until it reaches the longitude
opposite to the prime meridian,
the antemeridian (read as 180 º
longitudes). The prime meridian
and antemeridian divide the globe
into its eastern and western
hemispheres. The right side of the
prime meridian is the eastern
hemisphere while the left side is
the western hemisphere.
24. ACTIVITY 1: FINDING THE LONGITUDE
• Directions: Study the diagram
below. Determine the
longitude of the identified
points on the globe by
indicating the number of
degrees the point is from the
prime meridian and its
direction E (east) or W (west)
from the prime meridian.
Complete the table below and
write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.
25. ACTIVITY 1: FINDING THE LONGITUDE
Point of the Globe Longitudes
1 150 W
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 300E
10
26. Point of the Globe Longitudes
1 150 W
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 300E
10
150W
150E
750W
150W
150E
450W
600W
600E
28. HOW TO PLACES USING LATITUDE AND
LONGITUDE
1. Each latitude and longitude is 15 away from each other. As we go
further away from center, the degree increases.
2. Longitude and latitude are measured in degrees (0) which can be
further be divided in minutes where there are 60 minutes per degrees
and 60 seconds per minute.
3. When writing location’s latitude and longitude, always write the latitude
first.
Example:
35°N 45°E - Iraq 35°N 55°E -
60°N 10°E - Norway 30°S 60°W -
57°N 10°E -
Denmark
Iran
Argentina
33. TIMELINE LOREM
IPSUM DOLOR
2015
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2016
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2017
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2018
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2019
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