The document discusses nuclear energy and nuclear power plants. It covers topics like nuclear reactions, components of nuclear reactors, types of reactors including pressurized water reactors and boiling water reactors, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy. It also provides a brief introduction to nuclear fusion and discusses a past incident at a nuclear power plant in the Philippines called the BNPP incident. The document concludes with a 5 question quiz about the content.

1. Nuclear Energy
A Report by Pierre B. Garcia and VJ Salazar

2. Topics of Discussion
• Nuclear Reaction
• Components of Nuclear Power Plants
• Types of Nuclear Reactors
• Nuclear Energy Advantages and Disadvantages
• Introduction to Nuclear Fusion
• The BNPP Incident (surface level)
• QUIZ

3. Clarifications
Nuclear Energy is energy produced
Nuclear Power is utilized energy
Nuclear Reactor is the device itself
Nuclear Power Plant is the complex
Nuclear
Nuclear
Nuclear
Nuclear

4. What is Nuclear Energy?
• Uses energy stored in the atomic nucleus
• Turns turbines harnessed by generators

5. Nuclear Energy Explained, How
Does it Work?

6. Nuclear Reaction

7. Gamma Ray, Alpha Particle, or Neutron
Uranium
Krypton
Barium

9. Components of a Nuclear Reactor
• Fuel
• Moderator
• Control rods
• Coolant
• Pressure Vessel/Pressure Tubes
• Steam generator
• Containment

10. Types of Nuclear Reactors

11. Pressurised Water Reactor
(PWR)
- most common
- most for power generation, some for naval
- uses water as both moderator and coolant
- water flows through reactor core
- water reaches 325°C, pressurised to stay liquid
- 80-100 Tonnes of Uranium, 150atm

12. Boiling Water Reactor (BWR)
- water reaches 285°C, pressure allows steam
- simpler design
- water radioactivity is short-lived
- 140 Tonnes of Uranium, 75atm

13. Pressurised Heavy Water
Reactor (PHWR)
- uses natural Uranium Oxide
- uses heavy water (D2O) in one side of circuit
- produces most energy of kilogram of Uranium
- water reaches 290°C, pressure allows steam
- allows pressure tube isolation
- allows refueling without shutdown

14. Advanced Gas-Cooled Reactor
- graphite moderator
- carbon dioxide as coolant, water as secondary
- fuel is uranium oxide pellets
- core reaches 650°C
- high thermal efficiency

15. Advantages and Disadvantages

16. 1. Nuclear Weapons Proliferation
2. Nuclear Waste and Pollution
3. Accidents and Disasters
Disadvantages

17. Advantages
1. Nuclear Energy Saves Lives
2. Nuclear Energy Reduces CO2
3. New Technologies
Coal
Oil
Biomass
Peat
Natural Gas
Solar
Hydro
Wind
NUCLEAR
DEATH PER ENERGY UNIT PER YEAR
(total percentage)
Bad Idea
Worse Idea
Investment
Application
Development

18. Introduction to Nuclear Fusion

19. He3
He3
He4
P+
P+

20. The BNPP Incident (Surface Level)

21. The BNPP Incident
• Bataan Nuclear Power Plant (BNPP)
• In a government reserve at Napot Point in Morong, Bataan
• Asia’s first ever attempt to build one
• Proposed to settle energy crisis (felt in 1990s)

22. The BNPP Controversy (surface-level)
• Marcos was too stubborn to share and delegate more tasks.
• Westinghouse Electric was not transparent enough.
• National Power was far too underdeveloped in its safety practices.
• The people who built it were left in the dark.

23. END OF PRESENTATION
Please prepare for a quick five-
item quiz.
Thank you for time! We hope this
presentation was informative to
help balance and enrich your
understanding of nuclear energy.
Our references were:
 Kurzgesagt info-graphic ‘infotainment’ online content
 Nuclear Energy Explained: How does it work? 1/3. (2015, March 26). [Video].
YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcOFV4y5z8c
 3 Reasons Why Nuclear Energy Is Terrible! 2/3. (2015, April 1). [Video].
YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEYbgyL5n1g
 3 Reasons Why Nuclear Energy Is Awesome! 3/3. (2015, April 1). [Video].
YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pVbLlnmxIbY
 Fusion Power Explained – Future or Failure. (2016, November 10). [Video].
YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mZsaaturR6E
 Orejas, Tonette. "Risk too high for Bataan nuke plant, says scientist". Retrieved 2018-
03-12.
 "Is The Bataan Nuclear Power Plant Safe? by Professor Roland G. Simbulan". YONIP.
2013-02-28. Archived from the original on 2018-03-27. Retrieved 2018-03-12.
 "DOE: Nat'l consensus needed to reopen Bataan Nuclear Power Plant". Rappler.
Retrieved 2018-03-12.
 Cabato, Regine (April 4, 2018). "Russian ambassador: Bataan nuclear power plant
revival 'not possible at all'". CNN. Retrieved 2018-06-22.
 Magno, Alex R. (1998). Kasaysayan: The Story of the Filipino People Vol. 9. Asia
Publishing Co. pp. 204–205. ISBN 962-258-232-X.
 O’Neill, B. (2008, July 31). Back to basics: Ensure integrity with materials verification.
Quality Magazine. Retrieved November 17, 2021, from
https://www.qualitymag.com/articles/89101-back-to-basics-ensure-integrity-with-
materials-verification

24. Quiz Item No.1
A.Gamma ray
B.Alpha particle
C.Neutron
D.Electron
Which of the
following doesn’t
start a nuclear
reaction?

25. Quiz Item No.2
A.Pressurized Water
Reactor
B.Boiling Water Reactor
C.Pressurized Heavy
Water Reactor
D.Advanced Gas-Cooled
Reactor
Which two of the
following types of
reactors don’t use
water as a
primary coolant?

26. Quiz Item No.3
A.Weapons proliferation
B.Waste and pollution
C.Accidents and disasters
D.Most deaths per unit
energy produced.
Which of the
following isn’t a
disadvantage in
nuclear energy?

27. Quiz Item No.4
A.Steam
B.Krypton
C.Barium
D.Carbon Dioxide
Which of the
following is not
pollution directly
caused by nuclear
power plants?

28. Quiz Item No.5
A. Combination of elements
B. Combination of lighter
elements
C. Combination of lighter
elements under extreme
heat
D. Combination of highly
unstable elements under
extreme heat
Which of the
following best
describes nuclear
fusion according
to the
demonstration?

29. END OF QUIZ
1. Which of the following doesn’t
start a nuclear reaction?
2. Which two of the following types
of reactors don’t use water as a
primary coolant?
3. Which of the following isn’t a
disadvantage in nuclear energy?
4. Which of the following is not
pollution directly caused by
nuclear power plants?
5. Which of the following best
describes nuclear fusion
according to the demonstration?
D. Electron
C. And D. Pressurized Heavy Water
Reactor and Advanced Gas-Cooled
Reactor
D. Most deaths per unit energy produced.
D. Carbon dioxide
C. Combination of lighter elements under
extreme heat