case study of the Nuclear energy which includes working of nuclear reactor, advantages and disadvantages , statistics , the three disasters of nuclear power plant and the future of nuclear energy in India.

1. Case Study of
By

2. The 5 W’s

3. WHAT
• The energy released during nuclear fission
or fusion, especially when used to generate
electricity.
WHY
• Nuclear Energy is the use of nuclear reactions that
release nuclear energy to generate heat, which most
frequently is then used in steam turbines to produce
electricity in a nuclear power plant.

4. WHO
• In 1932 physicist Ernest Rutherford discovered that when
lithium atoms were "split" by protons from a proton
accelerator, immense amounts of energy were released in
accordance with the principle of mass–energy equivalence.
• The same year, James Chadwick discovered the Neutron .
• Further work by Enrico Fermi in the 1930s focused on
using slow neutrons to increase the effectiveness of
induced radioactivity. Experiments bombarding uranium
with neutrons led Fermi to believe he had created a new,
transuranic element.

5. WHEN
• The first man-made reactor, known
as Chicago Pile-1, was
achieved criticality on December 2,
1942. This work became part of
the Manhattan Project
WHERE
• In the United States, where Fermi and Szilard had both emigrated,
led to the creation of the first man-made reactor.

6. How this stuff works…………

8. TWO SIDES OF THE SAME COIN
ADVANTAGES
 Reliable
 No green house gas emission
 Powerful and Efficient
 Eco friendly
 Low cost Electricity
DISADVANTAGES
o Cost
o Safety
o Waste disposal
o Availability of raw material
o Proliferation
o Nuclear waste & Nuclear Leaks
o Non renewable source
o National risk

9. Misfortunes never come singly
NUCLEAR DISASTERS
Three mile
Island
Accident
Chernobyl
Disaster
Fukushima
Daiichi
Disaster

10. The Three Mile Island Accident

11. Cause
• In 1979 at Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in USA a cooling
malfunction caused part of the core to melt in the reactor. The TMI
reactor was destroyed.
Effect
• Some radioactive gas was released a couple of days after the
accident, but not enough to cause any dose above background
levels to local residents.
Deaths & Injuries
• There were no injuries or adverse health effects from the Three Mile
Island accident

12. Chernobyl Disaster

13. Cause
• The Chernobyl accident in 1986 was the result of a flawed reactor design
that was operated with inadequately trained personnel.
Effect
• The resulting steam explosion and fires released at least 5% of the
radioactive reactor core into the atmosphere and downwind – some 5200
PBq (I-131 eq).
Deaths & Injuries
• Two Chernobyl plant workers died on the night of the accident, and a
further 28 people died within a few weeks as a result of acute radiation
poisoning. Consequences of the Catastrophe for People and the
Environment is a 2007 Russian publication that concludes that there were
9,85,000 premature deaths as a result of the radioactivity released.

14. Fukushima Disaster

15. Cause
• Following a major earthquake, a 15-metre tsunami disabled the power
supply and cooling of three Fukushima Daiichi reactors, causing a nuclear
accident on 11 March 2011.
Effect
• All three cores largely melted in the first three days. The accident was
rated 7 on the INES scale, due to high radioactive releases over days 4 to
6, eventually a total of some 940 PBq .
Deaths & Injuries
• There have been no deaths or cases of radiation sickness from the nuclear
accident, but over 100,000 people were evacuated from their homes and
1000 deaths from maintaining this evacuation.

17. •Nuclear Generation By
Countries

18. •World Electricity Production

21. PRESENT:
India has 22 operable nuclear reactors, with a combined net capacity of 6.2 GWe. In 2017,
nuclear generated 3% of the country's electricity.
2019:
At the start of 2018 six reactors were under construction in India, with a combined capacity of
4.4 Gwe and a total of 10.8 Gwe.
2024:
The government set an ambitious target to have 16.6 GWe nuclear capacity by 2024.
2035:
Our govt. aims to produce 63 GWe by 2032.
2050:
It aims to supply 25% of electricity from nuclear power by 2050.
Source : Wikipedia

22. Nuclear energy has both strengths and
shortcomings
What if the 9/11 attack repeats……
Too Much, Too Fast, Too Risky…..

23. #include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
Void main()
{
printf(“That is about Nuclear Energy.
nHope you guys liked it
nThis is VIRINCHI signing off….”);
printf(“ntThankyou”);
getch();
}