.

1. TOPIC:
QUANTUMCOMPUTING
APPLICATION
SUBMITTED BY: MAH-NOOR
SUBMITTEDTO: SIR BILAL SHARIF

2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTIONOF QUANTUMCOMPUTING
 BENEFITSOF Q.C
 USE OF Q.C
 PROPERTIESOF QUANTUMCOMPUTING
 DIFFERENCE BETWEENCLASSICALAND QUANTUM
 APPLICATIONSOF Q.C
 ADVANTAGES AND DIS-ADVANTAGES
 SUMMARY
 CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION
 Quantum computing is a “multidisciplinary field comprising
aspects of computer science, physics, and mathematics that
utilizes quantum mechanics to solve complex problems faster than
on classical computers.”
 Quantum computing uses the principles of quantum theory to
develop computer technologies.
 The field of quantum computing includes hardware research and
application development.
 Quantum computers can easily solve complex problems that are
difficult and, in most cases, impossible for traditional computers to
process. Moreover, quantum machines can solve complex
problems a billion times faster than classical supercomputers. Such
speed and accuracy unlock countless possibilities in almost every
aspect of modern life.

5. Benefits
ENERGY
EFFICIENT
FASTER
Accuracy

6. BENEFITS
 FASTER
Perform faster than classical computers
 ACCURATE
Highest level of accuracy makes it suitable for national security and big data handling
 ENERGY EFFICIENT
Waste less energy while working. It is cost-effective after implementation.

7. USE OF
QUANTUM
COMPUTING
 They could focus on creating better trading simulators and improve fraud
detection.
 The healthcare industry could use quantum computing to develop new
drugs genetically-targeted medical care.
 It could also power more advanced DNA research.
 As quantum computing can process large quantities of data,
 it can aid in making better decisions and predictions, such as in
applications such as facial recognition, object recognition, and fraud
detection.

8. PROPERTIESOF
QUANTUM
COMPUTING
 SUPERPOSITION:
Superposition is the ability of a quantum system to be in multiple states
at the same time until it is measured.
 Entanglement
Entanglement as a quantum property is taking objects and connecting them by
permanently entangling them together. When adding an additional qubit to a
quantum computer, a 50-cubit quantum machine can examine two to the power
of 50 states simultaneously. The increase in power plus the entanglement of
qubits allows quantum computers to solve problems efficiently, finding a solution
faster, with many fewer calculations
 Interference
Interference can be used to control quantum states and amplify the signals that
are leading toward the right answer, while canceling signals that are leading to
the wrong answer.
 Coherence/decoherence:
Quantum computers are extremely sensitive to noise and environmental effects.
Unfortunately, information only remains quantum for so long. The number of
operations that can be performed before the information is lost, therefore, is
limited. Knowing in advance how long quantum information will last before it is
out of coherence is critical.

9. Properties of Quantum Computing

10. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CLASSICALAND
QUANTUM COMPUTING

12. Research in High Energy Physics Traffic Control
Enhanced Batteries
APPLICATIONSOF QUANTUM COMPUTING

13. 1. Research in High
Energy Physics
 One of the top applications of quantum computing is its utility in research in the
field of particle physics or high energy physics. Particle physics models are highly
complex. Hence, require lengthy computing time and a vast number of resources for
numerical simulations. For instance, consider the example of the Large Hadron
Collider (LHC) at CERN. Experiments on LHC produce one petabyte per second of
data resulting from collisions of one billion particles every second, which is
impossible to keep up with. Here’s when quantum computing comes to the rescue.
 Quantum computers enable physicists to deal with vast experimental data with
accuracy and speed. They also allow one to simulate nuclear experiments and
fundamental interactions, including scattering the nuclei and quarks

14. 2. Training Artificial
Intelligence
 The intelligence demonstrated by machines requires training; quantum
computing can simplify the task of analyzing millions or even billions of
data points with accuracy and speed.
 In 2020, Google, in collaboration with Volkswagen and the University of
Waterloo, launched TensorFlow Quantum to accelerate development in
quantum computing. TensorFlow Quantum is an open-source library used
for prototyping quantum machine learning models.
 Quantum machine learning explores methodological and structural
similarities between specific learning and physical systems, specifically
neural networks

15. 3. Financial Modeling
Quantum Computers are mainly designed for such probabilistic calculations,
by using them, investment banks can enhance the quality of their solutions
and significantly decrease the time required to develop them. In the long
run, quantum computers can assist financial services in opening new
investment opportunities by increasing investment gains and reducing
capital requirements.

17. 4. Drug
Development
The development of drugs is on the list of top applications of quantum
computing.
It can take over ten years and billions of dollars for pharmaceutical
companies to discover or develop a new drug, for which scientists run
hundreds of millions of comparisons on conventional computers. However,
the processing capabilities of traditional computers are limited as they can
analyze molecules only up to a specific size. This issue can be rectified with
the use of quantum computing.
This can drastically Reduce the time and costs involved in drug development,
thus empowering scientists to find cures for various diseases faster than
expected.

18. 5. Advertising and
Marketing
 . Quantum algorithms can help create and deliver better
advertisements by interpreting associations influencing purchasing
patterns. Instead of just using browser history for ad delivery,
quantum algorithms focus on factors like how users feel after
looking at an advertisement and what types of ads could help
make long-term relations with the customers.
 D-Wave Systems has pioneered the application of quantum computing to
optimize marketing, advertising, and communication. They aim to use
quantum computing in advertising to analyze complex data in less time
and increase the efficiency of delivering advertisements to their targeted
customers.

19. 6. Discovery of
New Materials
 A quantum machine can solve Schrödinger’s equation for a molecule to
accurately calculate its allowed energy states. Quantum computers can
also simulate complex molecules that conventional computers are unable
to
 Researchers can develop optimum materials with finely tuned mechanical
and optical properties by handling the noise in the qubits on quantum
machines.
 Recent advances in quantum noise-canceling techniques suggest that
next-generation materials might be designed on quantum computers
rather than by traditional trial and error. Further advancements in
quantum algorithms and hardware can revolutionize theoretical chemistry.

20. 7. Traffic Control  Quantum computers can also help tackle the problem of traffic control,
which is a result of the increasing population. Technology using quantum
computing can be used to mitigate traffic jams and thus shorten waiting
periods.
 The D-Wave quantum computer used by Volkswagen’s quantum routing
algorithm calculates the fastest travel routes in real-time.

21. They used the QUBO (Quadratic Unconstraint Binary
Optimization) technique along with the quantum annealing
computers to find the optimal route for a certain number of
cars in addition to all the possible routes in consideration.
Till now, they have tested about 10000 taxis in Beijing to prove
how this method optimizes traffic faster than what the classical
computers can.

22. 8. Cybersecurity
 Enhancement of cybersecurity is one of the most crucial applications of
quantum computing.
 Quantum computers can crack Encryption algorithms that protect the
infrastructure and sensitive data of the internet. Estimates predict that a
quantum computer with 20 million qubits is capable of breaking such
encryptions in less than 8 hours. Encryption is an important way for
individuals and companies to protect sensitive information from hacking. For
example, websites that transmit credit card and bank account numbers
encrypt this information to prevent identity theft and fraud.
 It involves the conversion of unreadable data (ciphertext) into readable
(plaintext).
Encryption is the process of making data unreadable, Decryption is the
process of converting the encrypted information back to its original and
understandable form.

24. 9. Efficient Weather
Forecasting
 Traditional weather forecast systems, quantum computers can provide
forecasts for much smaller and more specific areas. This can assist farmers
in preparing for weather changes efficiently and allow airlines to minimize
fight disruption.
 IBM is building a quantum computing model that can estimate
thunderstorms at a regional level.
 With the help of the Dynamic Quantum Clustering (DQC) methodology,
quantum computers are expected to speed up the data processing to give
us more accurate weather forecasts.

25. WEATHER FORCASTED IN
DIFFERENT PLACES
WEATHER FORECASTED
USINGQUANTUM
COMPUTING

26. 10. Enhanced Batteries  Researchers at IBM and Daimler AG are testing how quantum computers
can simulate the behavior of chemical compounds in Lithium-ion batteries.
They were able to simulate dipole moments of four industrially relevant
molecules, viz. lithium sulfide, hydrogen sulfide, lithium hydride, and
lithium hydrogen sulfide, using a 21-qubit quantum computer.
 As scientists increase the qubit states, they will be able to test more
complex compounds to develop next-generation batteries that would be
more powerful and inexpensive.

27. Advantages of
Quantum Computing
 Solve those complex mathematical problems that traditional computers
find impossible to solve in a practical timeframe.
 Use less amount of Electricity.
 General quantum computer is “thousands of times” faster than any
classical computer
 It can solve complex problems without being overheated
 It can easily solve optimization problems such as finding the best route
and scheduling trains and flights
 It would also be able to compute 1 trillion moves in chess per second.
 Able to crack the highest security unbreakable encryption techniques.
 It can bring up revolution from drugs to petroleum industries.

28. Disadvantages of
Quantum Computing
 The security of the existing Internet of Things (IoT) would fall down.
 Cryptographic techniques, Databases of government and private large
organizations, banks, and defense systems can be hacked. Considering
these facts, quantum computers can be terrible for our future.
 It is very delicate and error-prone
 Any kind of vibrations affects subatomic particles like atoms and electrons.
Due to which noise, faults, and even failures are possible. It leads to
“Decoherence” which is a loss of coherence in quantum.
 Quantum processors are very unstable and are very hard to test even

29. SUMMARY
 Quantum computing is a unique technology because it isn't built
on bits that are binary in nature, meaning that they're either zero
or one. Instead, the technology is based on qubits. These are two-
state quantum mechanical systems that can be part zero and part
one at the same time
 Industries like automotive and pharmaceuticals are already using
quantum computing for battery simulations and drug research, and
it has potential applications in optimization and route calculations

30. CONCLUSION
 Currently, the field of quantum computing is still in its very early
stages, and a vast amount of research is yet to go into it.
 The current hardware and compatible software haven’t reached its
full potential. It sure is clear that quantum computing is going to
find applications in many more fields. Let’s wait and see what it has
in store for us in the future.
 Overall, quantum computing is taking giant leaps in shaping several
domains of everyday life, ranging from traffic optimization to
cybersecurity. According to GlobeNewswire, the global market for
quantum computing was valued at US $507.1 Mn in 2019, and it is
expected to reach US $4531.04 Bn by 2030.