The document discusses hospital systems and their components. It defines a hospital as an institution that provides medical, surgical, and obstetric care to inpatients. A hospital system consists of coordinated activities from various staff using different skills and equipment to provide personalized care to patients. The system has external and internal inputs and processes them to achieve the goal of patient satisfaction and quality care.

1. HOSPITAL AS A SYSTEM DR.N.C.DAS

2. WHAT IS A HOSPITAL There is no perfect definition of hospital as such. In simple hospital is an institution where sick and injured patients are treated as in patient. A hospital is an institution which is operated for the medical Surgical and/or obstetric care of in-patients and licensed by appropriate authority i.e..govt., local body, MCI.(Directory of hospitals in india1988) WHO defines Hospital as “An integral part of a Social and Medical organisation, the functions of which are to provide the population complete health care, both curative and preventive with out patient services reaching out to the family in its own environment and also to carry out training of health workers/ functionaries and the Bio Social research”

3. HOSPITAL HEALING OBSERVATION SUPERVISION PERSUATION INVESTIGATION TREATMENT ASSURANCE LEISURE DR.N.C.DAS HOSPITAL

4. TYPE OF HOSPITAL CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL DR.N.C.DAS

5. CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL Allopathic Homeopathy Ayurvedic Unani Siddha Naturopathy Yogic (BED STR -ENGTH) 50 100 200 300 Primary care Secondary care Tertiary care Govt. Cent State Corp. Auto Pvt. Volun. (Clinical) General Specialist Paed. T.B Lepsy Maternity Super- Specialist Neuro Nephro Cardio Teaching Research SYSTEM: SIZE: FUNCTION: OWNER- SPECIALITY: -SHIP: HOSPITAL

6. HOSPITAL SYSTEM Hospital is an organisation that mobilises the skills and efforts of widely divergent group of professionals, semi- professionals and non-professionals so as to provide highly personalised services to individual patients. It is therefore , essential to bring to- gather the various components to a unified whole to achieve the objective through the authority of control and co-ordination . This warrants a systemic functioning of hospital as an Institution. DR.N.C.DAS

7. TYPE OF SYSTEM A system is a hierarchical chain of units and sub units inter connected, inter dependent having clear cut objective at each level. It obtains inputs from its internal and external environment to process it’s output. It operates with varying processes or methods to achieve the ultimate objective of the system. Hospital has its external environment and linkages also. Hence called an open system in the socio-technical environment. DR.N.C.DAS

8. HOSPITAL SYSTEM MANAGER OBJECTIVE PROCESS PROCESS CONTROL OUTPUT INPUT INPUT RATE CONTROL OUTPUT RATE MONITOR PATIENT SUPPLIES MACHINES STAFF PATIENT SATISFACTION QUALITY OF CARE INFORMATION OUT PUBLIC RELATION FEED BACK DEPARTMENTAL FUNCTION DR.N.C.DAS

9. HOSPITAL SYSTEM Hospital system consists of co-ordinate activities provided by a variety of categories of hospital staff utilising different skills and equipments. Quality of output in the system is an important variable that affects inputand process at any level of function . Patient being from out side of the hospital system attention has also to bedirected towards the external environment of the hospital. Hence the hospital system is not a closed system.

10. HOSPITAL SYSTEM Hospital is an interaction point between the hospital staff and the patient and his relatives . On arrival of the patient , group of people from inside the hospital as well as from out side engage themselves for his care and early recovery. Therefore hospital is an open system.

11. HOSPITAL PATIENT ESSENTIAL SERVICES OPD service IPD service Emergency and casu -alty services Operation Theatre SUPPORTIVE SERVICES Radiological services Laboratory services Cent. Sterile supply serv. Laundry services Blood bank Mortuary Rehab. Services Medical records Medical social worker Pharmacy services ADMN. SERVICES Personnel Management Financial Management House keeping Material Management UTILITY SERVICES Dietary services Hospital engineering services Transport Medical store Public relation Communication Fire and Security Canteen Dharamshala

12. HOSPITAL SYSTEM The hospital system can broadly be divided in to two system Categories. HOSPITAL SYSTEM

13. HOSPITAL CLINICAL FUNCTION CLINICAL SERVICES OUT PATIENT SERVICES NURSING SERVICES INPATIENT SERVICES EMERGENCY SERVICES CCU/ ICU O.T SERVICES

14. THE ORGANIZATION FUNCTION ORGANIZATION PATIENT CARE SERVICES LEGAL & STATULORY RESPONSIBILITY PUBLIC RELATION MARKETING MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM STAFF MANAGEMENT MAINTENANCE SERVICES LOGISTICS & SUPPLIES ETHICS & CODE OF CONDUCT HOSPITAL SAFETY QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLANNING & DECISION MAKING FINANCE & BUDGETTING

15. HOSPITAL SUB- SYSTEMS The hospital activities can broadly be divided in to 4 major sub-systems HOSPITAL PRIMERY ACTIVITIES UTILITY AREAS ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIVITIES SUPPORTIVE ACTIVITIES OPD SERVICES IN PATIENT EMERGENCY OPERATION ICU/CCU NURSING SERVICE Personnel Management Financial Management House keeping Material Management Planning & Decision Making (POLICE) Radiological services Laboratory services Cent. Sterile supply serv. Laundry services Blood bank Mortuary Rehab. Services Medical records Medical social worker Pharmacy services Dietary services Hospital engineering services Transport Medical store Public relation Communication Fire and Security Canteen Dharamshala

16. HOSPITAL PATIENT SYSTEM On coming to the hospital a patient is concerned with diagnosis, treatment ,investigation and admission. While before coming to the hospital he and his relatives are concerned with the hospital rules regulations, hospital staff and quality and cost of care. This makes the hospital a much more complicated system and survival of the hospital will much depend on the level of patient satisfaction and acceptance. Thus patient system becomes basic to hospital system.

17. PATIENT CENTERED ACTIVITIES OF HOSPITAL SYSTEM PATIENT CARE PATIENT NEEDS ADMINISTRATOR OPD UTILITY OPERATION SUPPORT EMERGENCY IN PATIENT EMOTIONAL NEEDS SAFETY NEEDS PHYSICAL NEED BUSINESS NURSING EDUCATIONAL NEED PATIENT SATISFACTION STAFF ATTITUDE

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