The document discusses various eco-friendly techniques for solid waste management. It describes waste management as including collection, transportation, and processing of garbage, sewage, and other waste products. Some key techniques discussed include landfilling, incineration, recovery and recycling, composting, plasma gasification, and converting waste to energy. Landfilling focuses on burying waste in the ground, while incineration reduces waste volumes through high-temperature burning. Recovery and recycling convert waste into new products. Composting and plasma gasification provide additional processing methods. The document emphasizes the importance of waste minimization techniques like reducing, reusing, and recycling waste.

1. Eco-friendly Techniques
of Solid Waste Management
-Mohammad Aquib
B.E. (Civil Engineering)
R.T.M. Nagpur University, Nagpur
Diploma in Civil Engineering
M.S.B.T.E., Mumbai

2. Waste Management
 Waste management includes collection, transportation and
processing(treatment or disposal) of garbage, sewage and other waste
products.
 Basically waste management means “Prevention, characterization,
monitoring, treatment, handling, reuse and residual deposition of solid
waste.”
 It is about how garbage can be used as a valuable asset.
 The waste can be generated from residential, industrial, institutional,
commercial and other sources.

3. Method of waste Processing
1. Landfill
2. Incineration/combustion
3. Recovery & Recycling
4. Plasma Gasification
5. Composting
6. Waste to energy
7. Waste minimization

4. Landfill
 The landfill is the most popularly used method of waste disposal used
today.
 This process of waste disposal focuses attention on burying the waste on
the land.
 Landfill are found in all areas. There is a process used that eliminates the
odors and dangers of waste before it is placed into the ground.
 Methods of Landfill:
1. Area Method
2. Trench Method
3. Ramp/Slope Method
4. Valley landfill

5. Incineration/combustion
 In Waste incineration the combustion/burning of organic substances present in solid waste
materials by high temperature.
 The biggest advantage of this type of method is that it can reduce the volume of the solid
waste to 20 % to 30%of the original volume.
 This process is also known as thermal treatment where solid waste materials are converted
incinerators into heat, gas, steam and ash.
 Types of Incinerators
1. Mass Burn incinerator
2. Modular combustion incinerator
3. Refuse-derive fuel incinerator
4. Municipal incinerator

6. Recovery and Recycling
 Resource recovery is the process of taking useful discarded items for
specific next use.
 Recycling is the process of converting waste products into new products to
prevent energy usage and consumption of fresh raw material
 The idea behind recycling is to reduce energy usage ,reduce volume of
landfill , reduce air and water pollution, reduce greenhouse gas emission
and preserve natural resources for future use.

7. Plasma Gasification
 Plasma gasification is another form of waste management . Plasma is a
primarily an electrically charged or a highly ionized gas.
 Lighting is one type of plasma which produces temprature that exceeds
12,600 °F.
 This form of waste disposal provides renewable energy and an
assortment of other fantastic benefits.

8. Composting
 Composting is an easy and natural bio-degradable process that takes
organic wastes i,e. remains of plants and garden and kitchen waste and
turns into nutrient rich food for plants.
 Composting ,normally used for organic farming ,occurs by allowing
organic materials to sit in one place for months until microbes decompose
it.
 Types of composting:
1. Indore Method (Aerobic Method)
2. Bangalore Method (Anaerobic Method)

9. Waste to Energy
(Recover energy)
Waste to energy is the process of generation energy in the form
of electricity or heat from the primary treatment of waste or the
processing of waste into a fuel.
1. Thermal Conversion
2. Bio chemical Conversion
3. Thermochemical conversion
4. Electrochemical conversion
Methods of recovering energy:

10. Waste Minimization
Waste Minimization is reduction in the quantity of wastes before and after its
generation by using various methods or techniques.
3 R’s of Waste Minimization
1. Reduce
2. Reuse
3. Recycle

11. 1.Quality of products will be improved in such a way that it can be recycled and
reused easily and effectively.
2. Economic benefits to collection workers, processing plants and reselling stores.
3. The efficiency of production practices will get increased.
4. Fulfillment of Environmental responsibility
5. Company’s reputation will get boosted if it claims the minimization of waste like
MAMAEARTH.
6. New customers who are environment lovers will take interest in products of
company.
7. Less Accidents will take place on landfill, incineration and other waste processing
sites .
8. Ultimately the environment will get protected. –
Benefits of Waste Minimization

12. Waste Minimization Techniques
1. Less use of Packaging Materials
2. Reuse of scrap metal
3. Exchange of Waste
4. Direct shipping to the point of use
5. Resource optimization
6. Revision of Recycling Program

13. Thankyou!!!