The document discusses energy flow in ecosystems, explaining that all ecosystems begin with energy input from the sun which primary producers then use for primary production. It describes the typical food chain as including primary producers, herbivores, carnivores, detritivores and decomposers, with most food chains having four to five links and the amount of primary production varying between places. It also introduces the concept of food webs, noting that most animals are part of multiple interconnected food chains that form complicated food webs where everything is connected.

1. ENERGY FLOW IN
ECOSYSTEM
-Mohammad Aquib

2.  All ecosystem involve energy transformation and
biochemical cycling which is related to living.
 All ecosystem begin with the input energy from the
sun.
 The first step in production of energy for living things, it
is called primary production.
Energy flow in ecosystem:

3. Food chain includes primary producers,
herbivores, carnivores, detritivores and decomposers.
FOOD CHAIN:

4. More about food chain:
 Most food chain have four to five links.
 In any food chain it is important to note the amount of
primary production varies widely from place to place.
 Herbivores obtain their energy by consuming plants
or plant product.
 Carnivores eat herbivores and detritivores consume
their droppings.

5. Concept of food wave:
 Most animals are part of more than one food chain and
eat more than one kind of food in order to meet their food
and energy requirements.
 These interconnected food chains from a food wave which
is very complicated ,where it appears that “everything is
connected to everything else”

6. Thankyou!!!