Renal colic: definition, Symptoms, treatment and prevention

1. Renal colic

2. Overview
Renal colic is a type of pain Patient
gets when urinary stones block part of
His/Her urinary tract.
Renal colic pain comes in waves that
last 20 to 60 minutes.

3. Symptoms
Intense pain along the side of
your body between your ribs
and hip, or in your lower
abdomen
Pain that spreads to your back
or groin
Nausea or vomiting

4. Symptoms
 Pain during urination.
 Blood in urine (Pink, Red or brown urine)
 Cloudy or foul-smelling urine
 Gravel in urine
 Urgent need to urinate
 Urinating more or less than usual
 Fever and chills

5. Cause of renal colic
Renal colic happens when a
stone gets lodged in urinary
tract, often in a ureter. The
stone stretches and widens the
area, causing intense pain.

6. Urinary stones risk factors:
 Dehydration
 Diet high in vitamin D
 Diuretic overuse
 Family history of kidney stones
 Intestinal malabsorption
 Personal history of kidney stones
 Pregnancy
 Recent surgery
 Urinary tract infection
 Use of calcium-based antacids

7. Treatment
A CT scan can look for stones in
kidneys and other urinary organs.

8. Large stones
If the stone is large, You can do one of these
procedures to remove it and relieve renal colic:
 Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
 Ureteroscopy
 Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

9. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
(ESWL)
This procedure uses shock waves aimed at your
kidneys to break up the stones into very small
pieces. You then pass the stone fragments in
your urine.

10. Ureteroscopy
A ureteroscope is a thin, tube-like instrument with a
light and a lens for viewing. passed through the
urethra and the bladder, and then directly into the
ureter; usually the lower 2/3 of the ureter is
accessible by this procedure.

11. Uretroscopy

12. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a minimally-
invasive procedure to remove stones from the kidney by
a small puncture wound (up to about 1 cm) through the
skin. It is most suitable to remove stones of more than 2
cm in size and which are present near the pelvic region.

13. Treatment-Drugs
Allopurinol
Alpha-blocker medications
Antibiotics
Cysteine control medications
Diuretics
Pain medications
Potassium citrate or sodium bicarbonate
Sodium cellulose phosphate

14. Prevention
To avoid getting renal colic in the future, take these
steps to prevent urinary stones:
 Drink at least 8 to 10 glasses of water a day. Cut back
on sodas, especially ones that contain phosphoric
acid.
 Cut back on salt in your diet.
 Limit animal protein from foods like red meat, fish, and
eggs
 Limit foods that are high in oxalate, such as spinach,
nuts, and rhubarb.

15. References:
 Healthline.com
 Healthgrades.com
 PubMed health
 Kidneypedia.net
Thank You