3. LIFE PERFORMANCE OUTCOME
• As a Christ-centered Paulinian, I am courageous, resourceful
explorer and a problem solver demonstrating my creativity and
charism.
4. INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of this lesson you will be able to:
describe the properties of liquids: surface tension, viscosity,
vapor pressure, boiling point, and molar heat of vaporization;
explain the effect of intermolecular forces on these properties
mole-cules; and explain the properties of water with its
molecular structure and in-termolecular forces
7. • Liquids are made up of particles that are close
to each other and have kineticenergy.
• They roll and slide on top of one another and
flow. Sincethe molecules flow, they take the
shape of their container and diffuse
moderatelyto a fixed volume
• Liquids have moderately high density since they
occupy a fixed volume, and the particles are
attracted to each other. They also have low
compressibility andthermal expansion.
8. • The kinetic energy of the molecules
break away from their neighbor, and
thus,the particles are joined by
intermolecular forces. Most liquids exist
as molecules at room temperature. The
presence of the intermolecular forces
results in specialproperties. The physical
properties of liquids depend on the type
of the differentintermolecular forces.
9.
10.
11. 1. group the class into 5
2. prepare the materials
3. try to float the paper clip on the water
1. prepare the materials
2. pour water inside the container
3. the one who spills the water will take consequences
14. Surface tension is the force that causes the surface of a liquid to
contract. It isthe property of the surface of a liquid that allows it to
resist an external force dueto the cohesive nature of its molecules.
15. • The strength of surface tension depends on the
intermolecular force of attraction.
• If the intermolecular force of attraction of a liquid is strong, then
there is a greater force needed to break through the surface
and the greater the surface tension is.
• Temperature affects surface tension.
16.
17. • Viscosity is the resistance of fluids to flow.
• Liquid's resistance (friction) to flow exists between the
molecules of liquid when they move past each other.
• Thegreater the resistance in flowing, the more viscous
the liquid is.
18. • An increase in temperature causes kinetic energy to
increase. Heat breaks the intermolecular forces causing
the liquid molecules to move faster. Therefore, an
increase in temperature decreases viscosity.
• The greater the number of H-bonds, the stronger the
intermolecular force of attraction is, and the higher the
viscosity of the liquid.
19.
20.
21. • The pressure exerted by the gas in equilibrium with a
solid or liquid in a closed container at a given
temperature.
• It is an indication of a liquid’s evaporation rate and it
relates to the tendency of particles to escape from the
liquid or solid state.
22. • For some substances with weak intermolecular forces, the
energy requirement is easily obtained from collisions with
other molecules and absorption of energy from the
surroundings.
• For molecules with strong intermolecular forces, gathering enough
energy may not be as easy and register low vapor pressures.The
stronger the intermolecular forces of attraction, the lower the vapor
pressureof a liquid.
23.
24. • The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which
the liquid changes into a gas.
• A liquid boils when its vapor pressure equals the pressureacting on
the surface of the liquid. The boiling point is the temperature at
whichthe vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure.
• The boiling point of a liquid depends on the external
pressure. For example, at 1 atm, water boils at 100 °C, but if the
pressure is reduced to 0.5atm, water boils at only 82 °C.
25. • The molar heat of vaporization (ΔHvap) is the
energy required to vaporize 1 mole of a liquid at a given
temperature.
• H is the symbol for enthalpy,which means heat content at
a given standard condition.
• The relationship between vapor pressure and strength of
intermolecularforces is consistent with the trends in two
other properties of liquids, the enthalpy or molar heat of
vaporization and the boiling point of the liquid.
26. • The heat of vaporization may be considered a measure of
the strength ofintermolecular forces in a liquid. If the
intermolecular attraction is strong, it takesa lot of energy
to free the molecules from the liquid phase, and the heat
ofvaporization will be high.
28. • Water is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen
atom.
• They are attracted to each other due to their electrostatic
attraction. All that means is the hydrogen atom is positively
charged, while the oxygen atom is negatively charged. Opposites
attract, and water is no different. Water is attracted to other water
because of this charge attraction. In the same manner that the
atoms are combined. The hydrogen of one water molecule will
bond to the oxygen atom of another molecule.
