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DESCRIBE THE GENERAL TYPES OF INTERMOLECULAR FORCES

This document discusses different types of forces in physics and chemistry. In physics, a force requires an interaction between objects and can result in motion. There are two types of forces: contact and non-contact. In chemistry, forces can be either intramolecular, within elements combined, or intermolecular, between combined elements. Intramolecular forces include ionic bonding, covalent bonding, and metallic bonding. Intermolecular forces include dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding, and London dispersion forces. These intermolecular forces influence physical properties like melting point and boiling point.

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By Joshua G. Javier Physical Science 2nd semester
In physics, it is the push or pull that is at work in object/s, which only is the result or the natural effect of objects having interaction. But, with no interaction, there is naturally and automatically no force at work. Force manifests or is evident through motion. ADD A FOOTER 2
Force can drag us down or lift us up, or it can push us to the left or pull us to the right. In the same way, it can change the direction of an object’s motion. The two types of forces are contact and non-contact force. ADD A FOOTER 3
Force can drag us down or lift us up, or it can push us to the left or pull us to the right. In the same way, it can change the direction of an object’s motion. The two types of forces are contact and non-contact force. ADD A FOOTER 4
• An apple fruit falling to the ground • Vehicles moving forward • A girl pushing her friend’s back • A magnet attracting iron nails and staples • The fan’s blade spinning in various speed levels ADD A FOOTER 5
In chemistry, there are also forces at work, which now is applicable on elements and not big objects. The two classifications of force in chemistry are intramolecular force and intermolecular force. NOTE: Analyze the prefixes “INTRA-“ AND “INTER-“! ADD A FOOTER 6
To explain further, listen to the following illustration: ADD A FOOTER 7
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If the pillows are elements and the thread and Velcro tape are molecular bonds, which is intermolecular and intramolecular? ADD A FOOTER 11
Upon identifying the two classifications, which is more stronger and weaker? ADD A FOOTER 12
Hence, we can define the two classifications in the ffg: • Intramolecular force is the type force at work WITHIN the two elements combined, while; • Intermolecular force is the type of force at work OUTSIDE the two elements joining them with the other group of combined elements. ADD A FOOTER 13
Types of INTRAMOLECULAR FORCES: 1. Ionic Bonding – is a type of bond where all the valence electrons of an element is donated to the other element, which generates two opposite charged elements. The element losses electrons and becomes positive charged cation and the other becomes a negative charged anion. It only happens between a metal and a non-metal.ADD A FOOTER 14
Types of INTRAMOLECULAR FORCES: 2. Covalent Bonding – is the type of bond which exists only between elements with the same electronegativity – desire to attract or gain more electrons, called electron affinity. The higher the electronegativity, the higher the electron affinity and vice versa. It happens between two or more non-metals.ADD A FOOTER 15
The two types are: • Non-polar covalent bonding – is the type of covalent bond which happens between elements with almost similar electron affinity and if the difference of the electronegativity between two elements is lower than 0.5. ADD A FOOTER 16
The two types are: • Polar covalent bonding – is the type of covalent bond which happens between a high and a low electronegativity and if the difference of the electronegativity between two elements is between 0.5 to 1.9. ADD A FOOTER 17
3. Metallic Bonding – is the type of bond which occurs in pure elemental metals like gold, aluminium and bronze, in a sea of electrons and permanent positively charged ions, where electrons are freely to move in different positive ions making it a good conductor of heat and electricity. ADD A FOOTER 18
1. Dipole-dipole interactions – is the type of intermolecular force that happens between a partially positive charged element and a partially negative charged element, or simply between two polar covalent bonds. ADD A FOOTER 19
2. Hydrogen bonding – is the type of intermolecular force that happens only between hydrogens that are intramolecularly bonded with Fluorine, Oxygen and Nitrogen. The positively charged Hydrogen is attached to the partially negatively charged Fluorine, Oxygen or Nitrogen.ADD A FOOTER 20
3. London-dispersion forces – is the type of intermolecular force that happens in all types of bonding, whether ionic, covalent – polar or non- polar. The higher the electron that the molecule has, the stronger is its London-dispersion forces. ADD A FOOTER 21
Hence, HOW DOES INTERMOLECULAR FORCES DESCRIBE THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A MOLECULE LIKE MELTING POINT, BOILING POINT AND DENSITY?ADD A FOOTER 22