The chapter begins with the topic of why elections are necessary and useful in a democracy. Then it further explains how electoral competition among parties

1. CLASS IX
SUBJECT: SOCIAL SCIENCE
ELECTORAL POLTICS

2. CHAUDHARY DEVI LAL & LOK DAL
PARTY
 Chaudhary Devi Lal was an opposition leader in Haryana
 He started a movement called “Nyaya Yudh”- Struggle for
Justice.
 He formed a party- Lok Dal
 His party joined with other opposition party against the Congress
 In the election campaign he gave the promises if they will get a
chance to form government would waive loan for farmers and
small businessmen.
 He promised that this would be the first action of his
government.
 The people were unhappy in the existing
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4.  In 1987 State Assembly Election- Lok Dal and his
party won 76 out of 90, Lok Dal alone won 60,
Congress got 5 seats only
 The existing chief minister has resigned and
Governor invited Devi Lal to be the new Chief
Minister
 As soon as he became the chief minister,
government issued loans of small farmers,
agricultural labourers and small businessmen.
 Party ruled Haryana in the next four years.
 In the next election in 1991, the Congress won the
election and formed the government.
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7. Which are the choices getting a Voter
during the time of Election
1. They can choose who will make laws for
them.
2. They can chose who will form the
government and take major decisions.
3. They can choose the party whose policies
will guide the government and law
making.
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8. MERITS OF POLITICAL (ELECTORAL) COMPETITION
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11. Meaning- Electoral
Constituencies
In India we are following an area based system
of representation. For this purpose Country is
divided into different areas for the purpose of
election. These areas are called Electoral
Constituencies.
For Lok Sabha election, the country is divided
into 543 Constituencies. The representative
elected from each constituency is called a
Member of Parliament or MP MEENAKSHI SARKAR DASGUPTA

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17. Election Photo Identity Card
(EPIC)
This is a new system introduced by the Election Commission. The
government has tried to give this card to every person on the Voters
List. The Voters are required to carry this card when they go out to
vote. So that no one can vote for someone else.
But the card is not yet compulsory for voting. For voting, the voters
can show many other proofs of identity like ration card or driving
license.
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19. Recently Supreme Court declared a new direction for the
candidates. Every candidates needs to give a legal
declaration about
1. Serious criminal cases pending against the
candidates
2. Details of the assets and liabilities of the
candidate and his or her family
3. Educational qualification of the candidate
This information has to be made public. This provides an
opportunity to the voters to make their decision on the
basis of the information provided by the candidate
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20. Educational Qualification of the
Candidates
1. Educational Qualification are not relevant to all kinds of the
job. Similarly the relevant qualification for being an MLA or
MP is the ability to understand people’s concerns, problems
and to represent their interest. Whether they can do so or not
is examined by lakhs of examiners- their voters- every five
years.
2. Even if the education was relevant, it should be left to the
people to decide how much importance they give to
educational qualifications.
3. In India putting an educational qualification would go
against the spirit of democracy for yet another reason. It
would mean depriving a majority of the country’s citizen the
right to contest the election. If any graduate degree was
made compulsory for candidates more than 90% ofMEENAKSHI SARKAR DASGUPTA

21. Need of Election Campaign in a
Democratic form of Government
 In India election campaigns take place for a two week
period between the announcement of the final list of
candidates and the date of polling.
 During this period the candidates contact their voters,
political leaders address election meetings and
political parties mobilise their supporters. The
publicity is done through news papers, television
channels, election meetings, posters etc.
 In election campaigns, political parties try to focus
public attention on some big issues for which usually
catchy slogans are created to attract people’s
attention
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23. Demerits of Election Campaign
1. It creates a sense of disunity and factionalism in every locality
2. Different political parties and leaders often put allegations
against one another.
3. Parties and Candidates often use dirty tricks to win the election
4. Pressure to win electoral fights does not allow sensible long
term policies to be formulated
5. Some good people who may wish to serve the
country do not enter this field.
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24. Slogans
 Garibi Hatao (Remove Poverty)- The Congress
party led by Indira Gabdhi in the Lok Sabha Election-
1971.
 Save democracy- Janata Party during the Lok Sabha
Election in 1977 election. The party promises restore
civil liberties happened during the time of emergency.
 Land to the Tiller- Left Front in West Bengal State
Assembly election- 1977.
 Protect the Self Respect of the Telugus- N.T.
Rama Rao, the leader of Telugu Desam Party inAP
State Assembly Election- 1988
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25. Party and Candidates can’t to
do………..
In democracy it is best to leave political parties and
candidates free to conduct their election campaign the
way they want to do. But some times necessary to
regulate campaigns to ensure that every political party
and candidate gets a fair and equal chance to
compete. According to our election law, no party or
candidate can’t to do
1. Bribe or threaten voters.
2. Appeal to them in the name of Caste and
Religion
3. Use government resources for election
campaign
4. Spend more than 25 lakh in a constituency for
Lok Sabha electionand 10 lakh in the StateMEENAKSHI SARKAR DASGUPTA

26. According to
this, no party or candidate can
In addition to the Election Laws, all the political parties in our
country have to agreed to a model Code of Conduct.
According to this no party or candidate’s can:
1. Use any place of worship for election propaganda
2. Use government vehicles, aircrafts and officials for
elections.
3. Once elections are announced, ministers shall not
lay foundation stones of any projects, take any big
policy decisions or make any promises of providing
public facilities
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29. What Makes Indian Election Democratic? (Or)
How we can say Indian Election is free and
fair?
1. Independent Election Commission
2. Mass level Popular Participation
3. Acceptance of Election Result
4. Free and Free Election
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