This document discusses electoral politics and elections in India. It explains that elections are needed for people to choose their representatives and change them periodically. It outlines what makes elections democratic, including allowing everyone to vote, free competition between parties/candidates, and regular, free and fair voting. It describes India's election procedure, including constituency demarcation, voter lists, nomination papers, campaigning, voting in polling booths, counting of ballots, and the winner being the candidate with the most votes. It discusses merits of universal adult franchise like equal political rights for all, and demerits like illiterate voters not voting properly and poor voters selling votes. It also notes challenges in Indian elections like money influencing results and criminal connections.
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understanding our criminal justice system for class 8 for kendriya vidyalaya gives an overview about the lesson. definition of judge, FIR, cognizable offence, defence lawyer, public prosecutor etc. Article 22 and article 21 are clearly explained. Duties of police are also mentioned.
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Understanding indian criminal justice system for class 8 kendriya vidyalya, n...chiranjith prabhu
understanding our criminal justice system for class 8 for kendriya vidyalaya gives an overview about the lesson. definition of judge, FIR, cognizable offence, defence lawyer, public prosecutor etc. Article 22 and article 21 are clearly explained. Duties of police are also mentioned.
In this article we have explained about the Types of electoral system and Indian electoral system also. There are three Plurality, Majority and Proportional representation system.
Elections and institutions need to be combined with a third element – enjoyment of rights – to make a government democratic. Even the most properly elected rulers working through the established institutional process must learn not to cross some limits. Citizens’ democratic rights set those limits in a democracy.
This is what we take up in this chapter. We begin by discussing some real life cases to imagine what it means to live without rights. This leads to a discussion on what we mean by rights and why do we need them. As in the previous chapters, the general discussion is followed by a focus on India. We discuss one by one the Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution. Then we turn to how these rights can be used by ordinary citizens. Who will protect and enforce them? Finally we take a look at how the scope of rights has been expanding.
Slides Included:
⇒ Introduction
⇒ Examples
⇒ Important terms
⇒ Indian Secularism
⇒ Difference between Indian and American secularism
⇒ Why is it Important to Separate Religion from the State?
⇒ Steps were taken by Indian State to Protect Secularism in India
In this article we have explained about the Types of electoral system and Indian electoral system also. There are three Plurality, Majority and Proportional representation system.
Elections and institutions need to be combined with a third element – enjoyment of rights – to make a government democratic. Even the most properly elected rulers working through the established institutional process must learn not to cross some limits. Citizens’ democratic rights set those limits in a democracy.
This is what we take up in this chapter. We begin by discussing some real life cases to imagine what it means to live without rights. This leads to a discussion on what we mean by rights and why do we need them. As in the previous chapters, the general discussion is followed by a focus on India. We discuss one by one the Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution. Then we turn to how these rights can be used by ordinary citizens. Who will protect and enforce them? Finally we take a look at how the scope of rights has been expanding.
Slides Included:
⇒ Introduction
⇒ Examples
⇒ Important terms
⇒ Indian Secularism
⇒ Difference between Indian and American secularism
⇒ Why is it Important to Separate Religion from the State?
⇒ Steps were taken by Indian State to Protect Secularism in India
Contents
• Elections
• Why elections ?
• What makes election democratic
• Is it good to he political competition?
• What is our system of election?
• What makes election democratic
in India
• conclusion
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2. Why do we need election?
Finding out if the people like their
representatives or not requires a
mechanism by which people can choose
their representatives and change them
at different intervals. That is why
elections are essential.
3. What makes an election
democratic?
First everyone should be able to choose their
representatives.
Parties and candidates should be free to
contest elections.
Elections must be held regularly after a
certain interval.
The candidates preferred by the people
should get elected.
Elections should be conducted in a free and
fair manner.
4. Election procedure in IndiaFirst of all the entire area –the whole country
in the case of the Lok sabha elections is
divided into as many constituencies as there
are seats.
After the demarkation of a constituency , the
voters’ list of each constituency is prepared
and published.
The dates of election, filing of nomination
papers and withdrawals are fixed by the
election commission. Any person who wants to
fight the elections can file his nomination
papers.
5. campaign by the candidates and the political
parties.
On the date fixed earlier, the voting is held .
For voting election booths are set up. Voters go
to the polling booths and vote the candidates of
their choice.
After the voting is over, the ballots are sealed
and taken to the counting centers.
There the ballot boxes are opened before the
candidates or their agents and votes are
counted.
The candidate having the highest no. of votes
wins the elections.
6. Merits in favour of Universal
Adult Franchise
The system is truly democratic as it
gives political equalitiesto all the
citizens irrespectivve of their caste,
creed, gender e.t.c.
Adult franchise spread the message
that all the citizens are equal and no
one is privilidged. This promotes
National unity.
The system rouses political awakening
among all the citizens.
7. Demerits against Universal
Adult FranchiseThe illiterate persons are not able to exercise
their right to vote properly.
Poor people are liable to sell their votes.
This system is very expensive. Large scale
arrangements have to be made for the
elections.
8. Challenges of Indian
Elections
Candidates and parties with a lot of money may not be
sure of their victory but they do enjoy a big and unfair
advantage over smaller parties and independents.
In some parts of the country candidates with a criminal
connection have been able to push others out of the
electoral race and to secure a ticket from major
parties.
Some families tend to dominate political parties;
tickets are distributed to the relatives from these
families.
Very often the elections offer a little choice to
ordinary people, for both the major parties are quite
similar to each other both in policies and practice.