Presented on: 05-02-19 on IER, DU (204 no room) at 2.00 pm This was a group presentation done by our group named 'Tripod'. Here we try to describe present scenario of transgender people in Bangladesh and their exclusion in education and society.

1. 1
Hello!
Welcome
Everyone

2. Presented By
1) Anwar Zahid Saikat-15036
2) Ankur Mondal-15068
3) Rabaka Sultana Shapla-15072
4) Riyad Ahmed-15073
5) Md. Belal Hossain-15082
6) Muhammad Ferdaus-15084
7) Rupa Das-15088
8) Afsana Jaman Jui-15091
9) Shofiqul Islam-15093
10) Ashraful Islam-15094
11) Md. Farhan Rabbi Khan-15097
12) Abdul Kafi-15099
13) Miftahul Jannat Mitu-15135
14) Shahid Hasan-15167
21st Batch; section:2
Institute of Education and Research
University of Dhaka
Directed By
M. Tariq Ahsan
Professor
Institute of Education and Research
University of Dhaka
2Date: .5th February 2019

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4. Place your screenshot here
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Rituparno
Ghosh
(1963-2013)

5. Group: (3)
Tripod
Transgender
Course Name: Gender Education

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“Who am I” ?
▫ Denoting or relating to a person whose sense of
personal identity and gender does not correspond
with their birth sex. (The Merriam-Webster
Dictionary)
▫ ’’Hijra’’ is an umbrella term which refers to a
third gender in South Asia and is sometimes used
to describe transgender people.

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প্রকারভেদ
▫ তিন প্রকার।
▫ অকু য়া: শাতররীকোভে পুরুষ তকন্তু মানতিকোভে নারী।
▫ জেনানা: শাতররীকোভে নারী তকন্তু মানতিকোভে পুরুষ।
▫ তিতি: মানুভষর হাভি িৃষ্ট ো ‘কযািভেড’।
সূত্র: বিবিটাইমস৩৬৫িটকম/বিএম, (২০১৬), বিিড়াদের আদেযাপান্ত

8. Exclusion
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Acceptance
Achievement
Active
Participation
Access
 Enrollment
 Environment
 Attendance
 Year Completition
 Full Participation
 Assessment
 Cycle Completion
 Policy
 Attitude

9. েীেভনর গল্প
▫ তিিতি (ছদ্মনাম)
▫ িােণ্য
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10. Titli (Not Real Name)
▫ Titli is a transgender . She is deprived of access to education, healthcare and the
right to live a somewhat decent life in society.
▫ She never went to school. Her family used to call her abnormal. When she fell ill, her
family never took her to the hospital.
▫ No hospitals or doctors want to provide services to transgender people. She said,
the doctors avoid us. They do not want to help us.
▫ According to the Department of social services, there are about 10,000 transgender
people across the country.
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িােণ্য নাভম তহেড়ার তহভরা হওয়ার ঘটনা
 ২০১৫ িাভির ৩০ িাতরখ ওয়াতশকু র রহমান নাভমর এক ব্লগারভক খুন কভর পাতিভয় যাওয়ার িময়
িােণ্য নাভমর তহেড়া িাভদর হাভি নাভি ধভরন এেং িাহতিকিার পতরিয় জদন।
 এই ঘটনার পর তহেড়াভদর িাধারণ্ নাগতরকভদর মি অতধকার পাওয়ার প্রভে িোই পুনরায় নভড়-িভড়
েভিন।
 যার জপ্রতিভি িরকার তহেড়াভদর োতিক পুতিভশ তনভয়াগ জদয়ার তিদ্ধান্ত গ্রহণ্ কভর।
 োংিাভদভশ প্রায় ১৬ জকাতট মানুভষর মভধয তহেড়াভদর িুতনতদিষ্ট জকান িাতিকা হয়তন। জদভশ ১০ হাোর
জেভক ৫ িাভখর মি তহেড়া রভয়ভছ।
 ২০১৩ িাভি োংিাভদশ িরকার তহেড়াভদর ‘িৃিীয় তিঙ্গ’ তহভিভে অতেতহি কভর আইন পাশ কভর।
Source: Amam, Tahmima, The New York Times, July 2, 2015, Transgender Rights, Bangladesh Style
https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/03/opinion/tahmima-anam-transgender-rights-bangladesh-labannya-
hijra.html?fbclid=IwAR2eQwCzkxxjJExyoyHZbvC2k-CYisINoGRXzYfK3_in4ByA9qL8IeuSFvs

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▫ তহেড়াভদর তনেস্ব একতট জেমওয়াকি আভছ োংিাভদভশ। এিাকায় িারা শুধু তহেড়া তহভিভেই
পতরতিি োভকনা েরং এই নাভমর িাভেই োভক িাভদর িামাতেক, িাংস্কৃ তিক, রােননতিক ও
অেিননতিক অেস্থান।
▫ োংিাভদভশর িমাে এখনও তহেড়াভদর েনয েড় িযাভিঞ্জ।
▫ িরকার স্বীকৃ ি িাভদর নিুন পতরতস্থতিভক আমরা োংিাভদভশর পূণ্িাঙ্গ অতধোিী তহভিভে উদযাপন
করভি পাতর।
▫ িরকাভরর গৃহীি পদভিপগুভিার িমাভে তহেড়াভদর অেস্থান েদভি তদভে, আমাভদর দৃতষ্টেতঙ্গভি
আিভে পতরেিিন।
 তহেড়াভদর োংিাভদভশ িাধারণ্ িমাভের োইভর রাখা হয়।
 িােভণ্যর মভিা িৃিীয় তিভঙ্গর মানুষভদর তনভের পতরোভরর িাভে েিোি করা এ জদভশ অিম্ভে।
 িাভদর এমন একতট িমাভে েিোি করভি হয় জযখাভন দাতরদ্র্য, অপেযেহার, ও জযন োতণ্ভেযর অোধ
তেিরণ্।
Source: Amam, Tahmima, The New York Times, July 2, 2015,

13. ▫ The Hijras are still living in the shadow of rejection from every basic right to
availability and education.
▫ In Bangladesh, Article 28-1 of Bangladesh constitution has protected the rights of
individuals by stating that “The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on
grounds only of religion, race caste, sex or place of birth”.
▫ In Europe, Article 2 of the first protocol of 20 March 1952 to the European
convention on Human Right states that the right to education is recognized as a
human right.
▫ According to the international convention on Economic, Social and cultural rights,
The right to education includes the right to free, compulsory primary education for
all includes transgender right to education.
▫ The right to education has been reaffirmed in the 1960 UNESCO convention against
Discrimination in Education.
▫ In 2006, The convention on the rights of persons with disabilities states that, disable
persons has also right to education. (Source:The Rights of Hijra in Bangladesh: An Overview) 13
Access

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▫ Hostile school environment
▫ Forced to sit with girls and wear a dress as part of the uniform as male or
female.
▫ School administrators who would enforce discriminatory school policies
that excluded trans men from fully participating in the school
environment and made them feel even more isolated
▫ Some university policies reinforce stereotypical gender roles and, in an
effort to evade such expectations, trans men are unable to partake freely
in educational opportunities.
Human Rights Watch, (2018), Bangladesh: Transgender Men Fear for Their Safety
Education (Environment)

15. School Participations
▫ Humilitions in school where study
▫ They are starved of their every
right-as social taboos and
discrimination made them
untouchable, fearsome and funny
(Jarne and Auld 2006).
▫ they do not have educational
facilities.
(The Daily Star, August, 2015)
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Active Participation
Job Participations
▫ they do not have educational facilities.
▫ they do not have a proper source of
income and usually resort to begging
or waitressing.
▫ fortunate ones find a place in the film
or the fashion industry,
▫ they earn a living by harassing people
in various ways and collecting money
from them, formerly known as
“chadabaji,” along with prostitution
(The Daily Star, August, 2015)

16. ▫ Exploited by clients, mugged, and beaten by hooligans
▫ Never received any police support.
▫ Cannot study in schools as the fellow students and even the teachers
do not treat them well
▫ Do not get good jobs because of the lack of education
▫ Are not approved by other employers and workers at the workplaces
N.B: Although the government of Bangladesh has recognized Hijras as the
‘third gender’, this recognition cannot ensure the social acceptance of
these people.
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17. ▫ Do not get medical facilities by the doctors and staffs as well
▫ The parents, siblings and other relatives are not comfortable to disclose their
identity.
▫ Do not even have the option to live with their families.
▫ So they must either to hide the fact about their sex and assimilate or to leave the
family.
▫ In childhood they are
▪ boycotted by the children they want to play with
▪ scolded by the teachers and elderly people in families and neighborhoods
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18. ▫ On 11 November 2013, Hijra’s were recognized as third gender by the Bangladeshi
Covernment
▫ In October 2017, Human Rights Watch calls on the Bangladeshi Government to
better protection of human right of transgender.
▫ In September 2018, Denim Export Ltd. Bangladesh appointed two transgender
worker in their firm.
▫ Global Issues Section in the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for
Human Rights, the rights of transgender people, particularly to say, their own
identity and access to health, education, work, housing and other rights are being
increased and widely recognized.
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Achievements

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23. ▫ Around 9,285 Hijras in BD (Department of Social Welfare survey)
▫ Excluded from basic rights due to lack of laws recognizing Hijra status in BD such
as
a. property rights,
b. inheritance,
c. employment,
d. education and
e. health care
Bangladesh government has offered an “other” gender category on passport
applications since 2011 and granted a ‘third gender’ status to the approximately 10,000
Hijras living in the country in 2013.
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Acceptance

24. Earned their living by:
 singing
 dancing
 begging
 selling sex
Bangladesh has no anti discriminatory
laws that specifically protect sexual
minorities or laws that recognize the
diverse gender identity. (Nag, 2005)
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25. ▫ In 2012-13 fiscal year
▪ 135 Hijra students received stipend
▪ 350 Hijras got training to improve their skills (Above 18)
▪ Total beneficiaries were 485
▫ In 2013-14 fiscal year
▪ 762 students received stipend
▪ 1071 number of Hijra’s received the old age allowance
▫ In 2014-15 fiscal year
▪ 900 students expected to be benefited
(Source: Ministry of social welfare)
Different initiatives taken by the Govt

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▫ According to the Department of Social Services, there are about 10,000
transgender people across the country. However, there is no data on
transgender children.
▫ According to the Directorate General of Health Services, around 0.7% of
the transgender population has HIV-prevalence, while less than 0.1% are
HIV-positive, as of 2015.
▫ The ICDDRB conducted a research on transgender people in Dhaka in
2015. During the research, they spoke with 570 transgender people, of
whom 67.2% were found to be involved in sex trade.
Source: Dhaka Tribune, 28th October 2018, Life as a transgender child in Bangladesh

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▫ ১৮৭১ সাদে িৃটিশরা এদের “অপরাধী সম্প্রোয়” িদে আইন করার পর থেদক এদের
দুদ্ভ াগ শুরু িয়। বিিংশ শতাব্দীদত এদস উপমিাদেদশর থেশগুদো এদের িাতীয় স্বীকৃ বত
থেয়া শুরু করদো। পাবকস্তান আর ্ারত ২০১৩ থত এদের নাগবরক িদে স্বীকৃ বত থেয়।
্ারত বনদিদের পাসদপাদটভ এদের িনয আোো কাগি োবগদয়দে। পাবকস্তাদন এরা
রািনীবতদতও অিংশ বনদে। ২০১৩ থত পাবকস্তাদনর বনিভাচদন সানাম ফবকর নামক এক
৩২ িের িয়স্ক বিিড়া স্বতন্ত্র্য প্রােী বিদসদি োাঁ ড়ায়। ২০১৪ সাদে িািংোদেশ ও ্ারদতর
সুবপ্রম থকাটভ এদের সম্পূর্ভ নাগবরক বিদসদি মর্ভাো বেদয় আইন িাবর কদর। এদের তৃ তীয়
বেদের নাগবরক বিদসদি থ্াটার তাবেকা করার অবধকার থেয়া িয়। এদের বনদয় িহু
নাটক বসদনমা িই থেখা আদে।
Source: http://www.neonaloy.com/2017/09/15/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97-
%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%93-
%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%9C%E0%A6%BE/

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They
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help us

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Thanks!
Any questions?