158441811-Table-of-Specifications-TOS.ppt
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The document discusses the table of specifications (TOS), which is a plan used by teachers to construct tests. It outlines the topics and number of items or points associated with each topic. The TOS ensures tests match what was taught by solidifying the agreement between teachers and students. It also improves test validity and can enhance student learning by guiding their studying. The document provides steps for constructing a TOS, including determining exam coverage, objectives for topics, duration for each area, and test types for objectives.
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1. The document outlines the process of test construction which involves preliminary considerations, reviewing the content domain, item/task writing, assessing content validity, revising items/tasks, field testing, revising based on field testing results, test assembly, selecting performance standards, pilot testing, and preparing manuals.
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Table of specification
The document discusses tables of specification, which are charts that provide a graphic representation of the content and educational objectives of a course or curriculum. Tables of specification break content into topics and objectives and assign a number of test items or points to each. They help ensure tests are balanced and validly measure the most important objectives and content areas. Teachers can use tables of specification as a planning guide to structure lessons and assignments and ensure all content areas are adequately covered. They benefit students by promoting balanced assessments and building confidence in a test's fairness.
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The document discusses best practices for constructing tests and writing test questions. It provides guidelines for developing multiple choice, true/false, matching, and essay questions. Key aspects addressed include writing clear questions, avoiding negatives, ensuring answer options are similar in length and structure, and using distractors that could plausibly be chosen. The document emphasizes the importance of validity, reliability, and usability in test design.
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Table of Specifications (TOS) and Test Construction Review
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The document discusses multiple-choice tests, which are commonly used to measure student achievement. It describes the key parts of a multiple-choice question - the stem, correct answer, and distractors. Guidelines are provided for writing effective stems and options, including making distractors plausible and avoiding negative wording. Advantages include objective scoring and measuring a broad sample of content, while disadvantages are the time needed to construct good questions and the potential for guessing.
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As we have learned in the previous lesson, Statistics is a science that studies data. Hence to teach Statistics, real data set is recommend to use. In this lesson, we present an activity where the students will be asked to provide some data that will be submitted for consolidation by the teacher for future lessons. Data on heights and weights, for instance, will be used for calculating Body Mass Index in the integrative lesson. Students will also be given the perspective that the data they provided is part of a bigger group of data as the same data will be asked from much larger groups (the entire class, all Grade 11 students in school, all Grade 11 students in the district). The contextualization of data will also be discussed.
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Those who would like to have a copy of the presentation, please let me know at martzmonette@yahoo.com
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The document discusses the process of test construction. It describes the key steps as including planning, design, and development. In the planning phase, test developers must decide the goal, format, and tasks for the test. In the design phase, material is collected and draft versions are written and evaluated. The development phase involves piloting the test on sample users and revising it based on analysis of piloting results to determine validity and reliability before finalizing the test. The overall process emphasizes iterative development, evaluation, and refinement of test items and versions.
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Table of Specifications (TOS) and Test Construction Review
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NETWORKS
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The document discusses the Table of Specification (TOS), a tool used to design tests and exams. The TOS breaks down the topics to be covered on the test according to the number of questions asked from each topic and the cognitive levels of questions. It helps ensure content validity and that a representative sample of questions is included. The major columns of the TOS include the competencies to be tested, hours spent on each competency, cognitive levels required, and number/percentage of items for each competency. The cognitive levels described are Remembering, Understanding, Applying, Analyzing, Evaluating, and Creating. The document provides examples of questions for each cognitive level and guidelines for constructing a TOS.
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The document discusses a Table of Specifications (TOS), which is a plan prepared by teachers to ensure tests measure intended content and skills. It provides evidence of content validity and helps teachers identify needed test items. To construct a TOS, teachers secure learning competencies, indicate days spent on each competency, determine the number of test items for each using a formula, and distribute items across cognitive skill levels (e.g. remembering, understanding, applying). The TOS helps ensure tests are valid and measure the intended outcomes.
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158441811-Table-of-Specifications-TOS.ppt
- 1. The Importance of TOS Steps in the Construction of TOS Table of Specifications (TOS)
- 2. Table of specification is a plan prepared by a classroom teacher as a basis for test construction especially a periodic test. Is a two-way chart which describes the topics to be covered by a test and the number of items or points which will be associated with each topic. A TOS is a chart that shows the topics that will be covered on a test. What is a Table of Specification?
- 3. Knowledge – remembering facts, terms, definitions, and concepts. Comprehension – understanding the meaning of material. Explain, interpret, summarize, give examples, predict, translate Application – selecting a concept or skill and urging it to solve a problem. Compute, solve, apply, modify, construct
- 4. Analysis – breaking material down into its parts and explaining the hierarchical relations Synthesis – producing something original after having broken the material down into its component parts Evaluation – making a judgment based upon a pre-established set of criteria
- 5. The TOS is an instrument that is consistent with the student centered approach. It provides a study and examination guide for students. It solidifies the teacher/student contract. It ensures integrity and transparency for all concerned. Provides a plan of action that is consistent with the Institution’s academic goals. The Importance of TOS
- 6. It improves the validity of teacher-made tests. It can improve student learning as well. It helps to sure that there is a match between what is taught and what is tested. The Importance of TOS
- 8. Step 1- Determine the coverage of your exam Steps in the Construction of TOS Step 2- Determine your testing objectives for each topic area Step 3- Determine the duration for each content area Step 4- Determine the Test Types for each objective Step 5- Polish your terms of specification