Recently, at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology at the United States in 2017, researchers from multinational reported and exchanged their latest study results, the most noteworthy of which was the development of new drugs for the treatment of multiple types of cancers. Here, we sort out about this.

1. New drugs for treating
multiple types of cancers

2. 01
Scientists from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer have developed the first targeted, oral, tumor-type agnostic therapy.
This is a cancer medicine that works comparably well across many kinds of cancer, regardless of patient age. In clinical
trials of adults and children with 17 different types of advanced cancer, larotrectinib treatment resulted in responses
in 76% of patients. Response to larotrectinib has been durable, with 79% of responses ongoing 12 months after
starting treatment.
New drug shows durable efficacy across diverse pediatric and
adult cancers

3. Contemporary colors
02
Abiraterone slows advanced prostate cancer, helps patients live longer
A clinical trial of nearly 2,000 men shows that adding abiraterone acetate
(Zytiga) to a standard initial treatment regimen for high-risk, advanced
prostate cancer lowers the relative risk of death by 37%. The 3-year
survival rate was 76% with standard therapy alone, but 83% with
standard therapy plus abiraterone. This is the largest study of abiraterone
as first-line therapy for advanced prostate cancer.

4. Drug helps fight breast tumors tied to 'cancer genes'
03
Scientists from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer reported that a twice-daily
pill could help some advanced breast cancer patients avoid or delay follow-
up sessions of chemotherapy. The drug olaparib (Lynparza) reduced the
chances of cancer progression by about 42 percent in women with breast
cancer linked to BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations, according to the
study. Olaparib delayed cancer progression by about three months. The drug
also caused tumors to shrink in three out of five patients who received
the medication, the researchers reported.

5. Dasatinib excels in worldwide phase II trial against pediatric CML
04
In 2002, the FDA approved the drug imatinib as a first-line therapy for adults with
chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) caused by the fusion gene BCR-ABL, known as the
Philadelphia chromosome. The approval dramatically extended the lives of
patients with the condition and, in many ways, ushered in the era of molecularly-
targeted treatments against cancer. Now worldwide phase II clinical trial results
presented at the American Society for Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting
2017 show the promise of the second-generation drug dasatinib, also aimed at
BCR-ABL fusion in CML, in a new population, namely pediatric patients.

6. Two combination therapies shrink melanoma brain metastases in
more than half of patients
05
All of the patients in the trial had metastatic
melanoma with a BRAF V600 mutation, which is the
most common oncogenic mutation in this cancer,
occurring in about half of patients. Patients received
dabrafenib, which targets the BRAF600 mutations,
and trametinib, which binds to and inhibits MEK 1
and 2. Both BRAF and MEK are protein kinases in the
RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, which regulates
cell growth. They are approved as oral single agents
and in combination against metastatic or inoperable
Dabrafenib
Trametinib

7. Immunotherapy drug effective for metastatic triple negative breast cancer
06
The immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab which has already FDA-approved for
other forms of cancer has been found to be effective in patients with metastatic
triple negative breast cancer, according to an international clinical trial led by
NYU Langone's Perlmutter Cancer Center.
Pembrolizumab

8. Expanding trials of olaparib leads to new treatment options for patients with
advanced BRCA-related breast cancer
07
Although previous studies suggested olaparib could benefit patients
with advanced breast cancers, we are now reporting that olaparib
improves profession-free survival better than standard chemotherapy.

9. Cancer Immunotherapy
PD-L1
TLR
CD40
IDO
CXCR
TDO
Immune checkpoint inhibitors Nonspecific immune stimulation

10. Thank you
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