A coupling reaction in organic chemistry is a general term for a variety of reactions where two hydrocarbon fragments are coupled with the aid of a metal catalyst. Now, we talk about several coupling reactions include (not exhaustive): Wurtz reaction, Glaser coupling, Ullmann reaction, Grignard reaction, Heck reaction, Sonogashira coupling, Stille reaction and Suzuki reaction.

1. Coupling Reaction
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2. Coupling reactions include (not exhaustive):
 1855
 Na as reducing agent
Wurtz
reaction
 1912
 organometallic chemical reaction
 1869
 requires proton donor
 1901
 O2 as H-acceptor
Glaser
coupling
Ullmann
reaction
Grignard
reaction
 1972
 requires base
Heck
reaction
 1979
 requires base
 1975
 requires base
 1978
 palladium catalyst
Sonogashira
coupling
Stille
reaction
Suzuki
reaction

3. X=Cl, Br, I
Wurtz reaction

4. Wurtz reaction
Side products:

5. Glaser coupling
Eglinton reaction:

6. the mechanism of Eglinton reaction:
Glaser coupling

7. Ullmann reaction

8. Ullmann reaction

9. Ullmann reaction

10. Grignard reaction

11. Grignard reaction

12. Grignard reaction

13. Heck reaction

14. Heck reaction
Mechanism

15. Sonogashira coupling

16. Sonogashira coupling

17. Stille reaction

18. Stille reaction

19. Suzuki reaction

20. Suzuki reaction

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