2. We use must (not), (don’t/doesn’t) have to, and has
got to/have got to for strong obligation, requirement
or prohibition. For example:
Employees when they arrive.must sign in
(This means: “it is necessary.”)
Visitors the employee area.must not enter
(This means: “it is not allowed.”)
Must and must not are rare in speaking, but common
in writing. They usually refer to present or general
time. The question form is not common.
3. They just his decision, whether they like it or not.have to accept
(This means: “it is necessary.”)
You your laptop. Computers will be provided.don’t have to bring
(This means: “it is not required.”)
4. so loudly?Does she have to talk
I the decision.had to accept
He didn’t have to go.
early today.We’ll have to leave
Has to/have to and had to are common in speaking,
but rare in academic writing. They can refer to the
past, present or future time. They are used in positive,
negative, and question forms.
5. tough.You’ve just got to be
(This means: “it is necessary.”)
soon. Time is almost up!She’s got to finish
(This means: “it is necessary.”)
Has got to and have got to are usually only used in
speaking, in simple present positive statements, and in
the contracted form.
7. We use must (not), have to, and have got to for
obligation or prohibition, but we can also use them to
express strong certainty. For example:
You new here.must be
(This is present time)
The new land must not have looked
(This is past time)
Must and must not are commonly used in speaking to
express strong certainty. They also commonly express
strong certainty in academic writing. They can refer to
the past, present, or future time.
very promising to settlers.
8. He’s not here so he at work.has to be
(This is present time)
Has to, have to, and had to are common in speaking,
but rare in writing. They can refer to the past or
present time. They are usually only used in positive
statements.
She it. I recognize her handwriting.has to have written
(This is past time)
9. Has got to and have got to are usually only used in
speaking, in simple present positive statements, and in
the contracted form.
there already – I saw him leave hours ago.He’s got to be
(This is present time)
