This presentation discusses modal verbs and their uses. It introduces modal verbs such as can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must, ought to, and had better. It explains how simple modals are used with the base verb form to indicate present and future necessity, while perfect modals use "have" and the past participle to discuss past necessity. Examples are provided of how different modals express various levels of obligation, permission, advice, and suggestion. An activity asks the reader to comment on short scenarios using appropriate modal verbs.

1. By Jazmin Guerrero

2. Introduction
 In this presentation you will be shown different
grammar rules that will help you understand the use of
modal verbs, and you will also work with a few activies
with the purpose of practicing what you learned with
this presentation.

3. Objective
 The whole objective of this presentation is for you to
practice the use of modal verbs .

4. Modals
 Modals are auxiliary verbs. These are can, could, may,
might, shall, should, will, would, must, ought to, and
had better.

5. Simple and Perfect Modals
 Simple Modals
(modal + base form) to show degrees of necessity in
the present and the future.
 PerfectModals
(modal + have + past participle) to show degrees of
necessity in the past)

6.  Use must, have to, and have got to to show strong
necessity.
 Use must not to say that it is necessary not to do
something.
 Use don’t/doesn’t have to + base form to say that
somethig is not necessary.
 In the past, use didn’t have to + base form to say that
something was not necessary.
 Use should or ought to to offer advice.
 Had better is like should or ought to, but stronger.
 Use could or might + base form to make polite, not
too stron suggestions.

8. Activity
 Read the following situations. Using the modal verbs
you have seen in this presentation, comment
something about each of the situations listed.

9.  A) Anna is a university student living alone in
Hermosillo. Recently, she rented a small apartment
near the university where she lives alone. One day it
began to rain, and when she got home she found her
apartment flooded, and water was leaking through the
ceiling.
What can you say about Anna's situation?

10.  B) Peter is a young man who dislikes his job as a waiter
in a restaurant. Recently, he got into a fight with one of
his co-workers, and decided to quit without thinking
about the situation. Now, Peter needs to pay his bills
and he has no money, and no new job offers.
What can you say about Peter's situation?

11.  C) Claire is a teacher working at a local private school.
She is well-paid, but she dislikes the way the school is
poorly-managed, and how the principal treats the
workers. When she is offered a better job at a much
better institution, the school she worked at offered her
more money to stay.
What can you say about Claire's situation?