Effect Of Subject Matter Knowledge Of Prospective Teacher At The Academic Performance by Marhama D/O Younis Ahmed

1. The zone of proximal development
theory in the learning of operations in
mathematics at primary level.
Present:
Supervisee: Marhama Younus
Supervisor : Miss Zubaida Jamali

2. content
 Introduction
 Objective of the study
 Research Question
 Statement of the Problem
 Scope of the Study:
 Purpose of the Study
 Limitation of the Study
 Literature Review
 Research methodology
 Research design:
 Research approach:
 Time horizon (span):
 Sampling design:
 Target population:
 Method of sampling:
 Population and Sampling size:
 Data collection:
 Instrument/ tool used in research
 Data interpretation and Analysis
 Reference

3. Introduction
 The zone of proximal development is the gap between what a
student can do independently and what they
can potentially do with the help of a "more knowledgeable
other."(Vinney, 2019)
 Lev Vygotsky (1896 1934), had given the concept, zone of
proximal development which developed for Soviet
psychologist and social constructivist (ZPD, n.d)
 Where, the design has been persistently poor for students in
the zone of proximal developmental performance in
Mathematics
Objective of the study
1. To investigate the student skills through ZPD theory
2. To explore the ability of student in mathematics operations.
3. To apply the appropriate methods and strategies of
operations on students learning.

4. Research Question
 What is the impact of ZPD in the operations of
mathematics?
 How to find the ability of students in mathematics
operations?
 What types of strategies are appropriate for
studentteaching activities?
Statement of the problem
The research describes the declaration issue. I meet the
issue during the practice because students have
problems with mathematical activities like addition,
subtraction, multiplication and division. And the
identification of operations also faces problems.

5. Scope of the study
The scope of the study is that ZPD
(Zone of Proximal Development Theory)
has developed the skills and ability of
students to solve problems without any
help and instruction from teachers
Purpose of the study
The purpose of this research is to learn, about Vygotsky's
theory to develop conceptual knowledge and create fresh
abilities in mathematics operation and basically in this
research to express the fresh thoughts that teach
mathematics and confronted so many issues in
mathematics.

6. Limitation of the study
The limitations of this research /study is that to
collect the data in the limitations of time period
and conduct in pc Urdu section with attached in
G.E.C.E(w) Hyderabad.
Literature review
Globally, the poor performance of students in mathematics is
a major concerned. Van der Walt, Maree and Ellis (2008) note
that researchers agree that most learners in South Africa are
familiar with the subject matter.conducted studies to assess
students in mathematics and science at Grade 8 level South
Africa had the lowest score in science and mathematics
among the six African countries (Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco,
Botswana, Ghana, and South Africa) that participated in the
International Mathematics and Science Study Trends [TIMSS]
(2003).

7. Research methodology
The qualitative research method is used in this research
problem
Research Design

8. Research approach
The cross- sectional approach is used in this study which is
define as an observational research type that analyzes data of
variables collected at one given point of time across a sample
population, population or a pre-defined subset within a given
time.
Horizon/ Time span
S/no Date Action Plan Tool Planning Success
1 10-9-19 Reconnaissa
nce
pc. Urdu
section
Planning Meeting Achievem
ent
2 11-9-19 Delivering
action plan
pc. Urdu
section
Checklist Observati
on
Achievem
ent
3 28-9-19 Delivering
action plan
pc. Urdu
section
Action
plan
Activity Success
4 29-9-19 Delivering
action plan
pc. Urdu
section
Action
plan
Activity Achievem
ent

9. Sampling design
Target population:
The research which I have conducted were
12 students in grade 3 at primary level. PC
Urdu section attached with government
elementary college of education (women)
Hyderabad.
Method of sampling:
I have applied Quota sampling in this
study.
Sampling size:
I have forced approximately four students
in my study.

10. Data collection
Instrument/tool used in research:
I collected data in this study through
above adopted instruments such as
checklist, activities, reflection and
students record.
Data interpretation/ analysis:
Data will be interpretation on Ms. Excel
and descriptively on Microsoft office

11. Reference
 Vinney, 2019, the zone of proximal development, retrieved, 22.9.19 from ,
http://www.dreambox.com/blog/math-learning-zone-proximal-development.
 TIMSS, (2003), Historical background of zone proximal development, 13.10.19
retrieved from ,
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.researc
hgate.net/figure/Zone-of-Proximal-Development-Math-Learning-
Model_fig1_250890535/amp&ved=2ahUKEwjCpP7c4I_lAhUnyIUKHWN_Dl
oQFjAOegQIBRAH&usg=AOvVaw3x87Ll-7Euw7UVWqifd5Fm&ampcf=1
 Bhat Adi. (2019), quota sampling, Questioner, 20.10.19, retrieved,
from,https://www.questionpro.com/blog/quota-sampling/amp/
 Data collection, (2019), Research Methodology,20.10.19, retrieved,
from,https://research-methodology.net/research-methods/data-collection/