This chapter outlines the methodology used in the study. The study used a descriptive analytic research design to gather information about existing conditions at Lagui-Sail Elementary School. The researcher utilized questionnaires, checklists, and observation to collect descriptive data on learning disabilities among primary grade students. The entire primary student population was included in the sample. Data was analyzed using statistical methods like percentage, ranking, and Pearson's correlation coefficient to interpret the results.

1. CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents research design, the locale of the study, the population and the
sampling design, research instrument, data gathering procedure and the statistical treatment of
the research.
ResearchDesign
The study used the descriptive analytic method that is designed for the investigator to
gather information about the present existing conditions. She utilized library or research,
observation and survey as ways to obtain descriptive and analytic information using Lagui-Sail
Elementary School Primary Grade Levels as the center for the researcher.
Descriptive analytic research attempts to describe and explain conditions of the present
by using many subjects, questionnaires, checklists and anecdotal records to fully describe a
phenomenon. Thus, it helps to provide answers to the questions of who, what, when, where and
how associated with a particular research problem.
It utilized the said approach as the main purpose of this research was to determine
learning disability in primary grade levels using questionnaires, checklists and anecdotal records.
Local of the Study
This study was conducted at the primary grade levels (Grades 1, 2 and 3) in Lagui-Sail
Elementary School which is located at Brgy. 54 A Lagui-Sail Laoag City, passing through Vintar
Road.
Population and Sampling Design
The researcher came up that she must have 100 % of the number of primary grade levels
of Lagui-Sail Elementary School, Laoag City as the population of the study. Hence, the whole
population of the primary grade levels in that school are the samples.
The participation of the teachers of the primary grade level pupils are also essential in
collecting information’s in the study.

2. 19
Research Instrument
To determine the cases of learning disability in primary grade levels in Lagui-Sail
Elementary school, as well as to define learning disability; enumerate the characteristics of a
learning disabled learner; list and describe the types of learning disability; cite and explain the
methods, strategies and techniques used to handle children with learning disability- observation
or anecdotal records, questionnaires and checklists were used.
The researcher made a questionnaire and checklist on what are the types and
characteristics are common with the primary grade level pupils and their methods, strategies and
techniques they used in handling pupils with learning disability.
Checklist. The researcher denotes items that are observable characters of pupils with
learning disability. This checklist has only two choices which is Yes or No, wherein the observer
can only put a check mark only if the child shows the item on the learning disability.
Questionnaire. The researcher cited five important and suitable questions to the advisers
of each of the primary grade level with a purpose of usable information in order to answer some
of the questions that cover the study and to strengthen the results of the research.
Anecdotal Record. The purpose of this record is to provide insight into a certain behavior
and characteristics of the pupil or pupils. In here, the researcher observed personally the classes
of grades 1, 2 and 3.
Data Gathering Procedure
The researcher followed the standard procedures in conducting a research. Through a
formal letter of request to the principal Lagui-Sail Elementary School, permission were secured
to conduct the study to the primary grade levels of the above mentioned school. So, the
researcher went to the school, observe the pupils in their classes, distributed questionnaires and
checklists among teachers and advisers.
Data Analysis and Interpretation
Data were gathered through observation among pupils in their classes at Lagui- Sail
Elementary School. This was summarized and analysed. The responses on the checklists and
questionnaires were tallied on how many yes or no answers on the observation and how many
times the researcher went for observation.
Data collected were interpreted through analysis of narrative and descriptive report.

3. 20
Statistical Treatment
The data collected where treated and carefully studied and classified and systematically
analysed and organized according to established criteria in the instrument. The criteria are as
follows:
Percentage. This method helps in interpreting subjects and sub- components having
equal sizes. The frequency count is translated to percentage to indicate the number per hundred
compared. It takes the formula:
P=
n
w
x 100
where:
P= percentage
n= no. of responses
w= total no of responses
Ranking. This is used to exhibit the importance of the number of an item, objects or
individual composed of other terms in a series of ranks.
Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient or also known as the Pearson-r,
this method is used to find out the correlation coefficient of two variables. The formula below
must be followed to gain the correct answer.
r =
N ∑ 𝑥𝑦− ∑ 𝑥 ∑ 𝑦
√𝑛 ∑ 𝑥2 −(∑ 𝑥2 )] [𝑛∑ 𝑦2−(∑ 𝑦2)
The following ranges are used to interpret the data collected:
0-1.1 Not all, does not apply
1.1-2 Mild, sometimes observed, applies to some extent
2.1-3 Moderate, often observed, certainly applies
3.1-4 Severe, frequently observed, strongly applies
4.51-5.0 always
3.51- 4.50 often
2.51- 3.50 sometimes
1.51-2.50 rarely
0-1.50 never