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The respiratory system
Sections of the larynx, trachea and
               lung
Mediansaggital section of the larynx

     1.
          vestibule
                                         1. epiglottic cartilage
      6.
                                         2. thyroid cartilage
            ventricule
2.                                       3. arch of cricoid cartilage
          7.
                    subepiglottic   5.   4. cartilages of trachea
                    cavity
                                         5. lamina of cricoid cartilage
                                         6. vestibular fold
               3.
                                         7. vocal fold
                     4.

                          4.
Hyaline cartilage:
    Thyroid cartilage
    Cricoid cartilage
    Arytenoid cartilage except the vocal process
Elastic cartilage:
    Vocal process of arytenoid cartilage
    Corniculate cartilage
    Cuneiform cartilage
    Epiglottic cartilage
Epiglottis
   stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium
     with high papillae on the pharyngeal surface
   stratified nonkeratinized squamous epithelium
     without papillae on the laryngeal surface
Larynx
  ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Vocal fold
  stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium
laryngeal surface




                          elastic cartilage
  salivary
  glands




                     pharyngeal surface




51. larynx-epiglottis (HE), 4X
Vestibular fold
                  Vocal fold

                               Ventricule




51. larynx (HE), 4X
Identification of the surfaces of epiglottis
Determination of vestibular and vocal folds
Recognition of covering epithelia
1.Tunica mucosa:
  a, epithelium mucosae: ciliated pseudostratified columnar
     epithelium, goblet cells, endocrine cells
  b, lamina propria: loose connective tissue,
                     lymphocytes, plasma cells

2. Tunica submucosa: loose connective tissue
                     tracheal glands sero-mucous glands

3. Tunica fibro-musculo-cartilaginea: hyaline cartilage rings
                                      annular ligg.
                                      paries membranaceus
                                       (trachealis muscle,
                                       connective tisue)

4. T. adventitia: connective fibers, blood vessels, nerves
hyaline
                                        cartilage


ciliated pseudostratified
columnar epithelium
                             tracheal
                             glands

                  paries
                  membranaceus




52. trachea (HE), 4X
52. trachea (HE), 40X



                               ciliated pseudostratified
                               columnar epithelium




   basal lamina




                                       capillary
              lamina propria
Find the characteristic items of the
  tracheal wall.
1. T. mucosa: - ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
                  - epithelium gradually decreases in its height,
                    lamina propria becomes thinner towards the
                    terminal bronchioli
2. T. muscularis: smooth muscle layer in the larger bronchi
                          is replaced by spirally arrenged smooth
                          muscle cells in the smaller bronchi
3. Cartilage plates: decrease gradually in number and size

4. Adventitia: collagen fibers.

In the wall of the bronchi small salivary glands can be found.
bronchial
                     lumen


hyaline
cartilage


            smooth
            muscle
                                              alveolus




                                 epithelium




53. lung- bronchus (HE), 10X
53. lung- bronchiole
                       (HE), 10X


lumen of
bronchiole
                          alveoli




             epithelium
53. lung (HE), 40X




                                      septum
                pneumocyte I




pneumocyte II




                           alveolus
Differentiate between the walls of bronchi
  and bronchioli.
The layers of the blood-air barrier



                        surfactant


fused basal lamina
                     type I cell



                       capillary endothel


   capillary
   lumen
54. lung (orcein), 40X



                                    elastic
                                    fibers
  pneumocyte I




                    pneumocyte II
Study the thin walls of alveoli.

Try to find pneumocyta II cells.

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Histology of respiratory system larynx trache and lung

  • 1. The respiratory system Sections of the larynx, trachea and lung
  • 2. Mediansaggital section of the larynx 1. vestibule 1. epiglottic cartilage 6. 2. thyroid cartilage ventricule 2. 3. arch of cricoid cartilage 7. subepiglottic 5. 4. cartilages of trachea cavity 5. lamina of cricoid cartilage 6. vestibular fold 3. 7. vocal fold 4. 4.
  • 3. Hyaline cartilage: Thyroid cartilage Cricoid cartilage Arytenoid cartilage except the vocal process Elastic cartilage: Vocal process of arytenoid cartilage Corniculate cartilage Cuneiform cartilage Epiglottic cartilage
  • 4. Epiglottis stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium with high papillae on the pharyngeal surface stratified nonkeratinized squamous epithelium without papillae on the laryngeal surface Larynx ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium Vocal fold stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium
  • 5. laryngeal surface elastic cartilage salivary glands pharyngeal surface 51. larynx-epiglottis (HE), 4X
  • 6. Vestibular fold Vocal fold Ventricule 51. larynx (HE), 4X
  • 7. Identification of the surfaces of epiglottis Determination of vestibular and vocal folds Recognition of covering epithelia
  • 8. 1.Tunica mucosa: a, epithelium mucosae: ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium, goblet cells, endocrine cells b, lamina propria: loose connective tissue, lymphocytes, plasma cells 2. Tunica submucosa: loose connective tissue tracheal glands sero-mucous glands 3. Tunica fibro-musculo-cartilaginea: hyaline cartilage rings annular ligg. paries membranaceus (trachealis muscle, connective tisue) 4. T. adventitia: connective fibers, blood vessels, nerves
  • 9. hyaline cartilage ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium tracheal glands paries membranaceus 52. trachea (HE), 4X
  • 10. 52. trachea (HE), 40X ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium basal lamina capillary lamina propria
  • 11. Find the characteristic items of the tracheal wall.
  • 12. 1. T. mucosa: - ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium - epithelium gradually decreases in its height, lamina propria becomes thinner towards the terminal bronchioli 2. T. muscularis: smooth muscle layer in the larger bronchi is replaced by spirally arrenged smooth muscle cells in the smaller bronchi 3. Cartilage plates: decrease gradually in number and size 4. Adventitia: collagen fibers. In the wall of the bronchi small salivary glands can be found.
  • 13. bronchial lumen hyaline cartilage smooth muscle alveolus epithelium 53. lung- bronchus (HE), 10X
  • 14. 53. lung- bronchiole (HE), 10X lumen of bronchiole alveoli epithelium
  • 15. 53. lung (HE), 40X septum pneumocyte I pneumocyte II alveolus
  • 16. Differentiate between the walls of bronchi and bronchioli.
  • 17. The layers of the blood-air barrier surfactant fused basal lamina type I cell capillary endothel capillary lumen
  • 18. 54. lung (orcein), 40X elastic fibers pneumocyte I pneumocyte II
  • 19. Study the thin walls of alveoli. Try to find pneumocyta II cells.