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William Stallings  Computer Organization  and Architecture 7 th  Edition Chapter 8 Operating System Support
Objectives and Functions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Layers and Views of a Computer System
Operating System Services ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
O/S as a Resource Manager
Types of Operating System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Early Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Simple Batch Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Memory Layout for Resident Monitor
Job Control Language ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Desirable Hardware Features ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Multi-programmed Batch Systems ,[object Object],[object Object]
Single Program
Multi-Programming with  Two Programs
Multi-Programming with  Three Programs
Utilization
Time Sharing Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Scheduling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Long Term Scheduling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Medium Term Scheduling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Short Term Scheduler ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Five State Process Model
Process Control Block ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PCB Diagram
Scheduling Example
Key Elements of O/S
Process Scheduling
Memory Management ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Swapping ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is Swapping? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Use of Swapping
Partitioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fixed Partitioning
Variable Sized Partitions (1) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Variable Sized Partitions (2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Effect of Dynamic Partitioning
Relocation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Paging ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Allocation of Free Frames
Logical and Physical Addresses - Paging
Virtual Memory ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Thrashing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bonus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Inverted Page Table Structure
Translation Lookaside Buffer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TLB Operation
TLB and Cache Operation
Segmentation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Advantages of Segmentation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pentium II ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pentium II Address Translation Mechanism
Pentium II Segmentation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pentium II Protection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pentium II Paging ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PowerPC Memory Management Hardware ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PowerPC 32-bit Memory Management Formats
PowerPC 32-bit Address Translation
Required Reading ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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08 Operating System Support