Presentation given by Khalid Bomba, CEO of the Ethiopian Agricultural Transformation Agency, at the IFPRI Roundtable event "Transforming Agriculture in Africa: The Insiders' Persepctive" on Thursday, September 26, 2013.
2. 2
The creation of the ATA is the result of a process that lasted nearly two years –
we are nevertheless only two years old and are still learning and evolving
Jan ‘09 Sep ‘09 Aug ‘10 Oct ‘10 Dec ‘10 Aug ‘11
Late Prime Minster Meles meets
with Melinda Gates and requests
a review of Ethiopia’s agricultural
extension systems by the Gates
Foundation
Seven Diagnostic reports and
an integrated report on a
mechanism to implement the
recommendations submitted to
Prime Minister
Council of Ministers pass federal
regulation establishing
Agricultural Transformation
Agency
Government decision to
create an independent
organization modeled after
Taiwan and Korean
“acceleration units” as
recommended by the Gates
Foundation reports
First Agricultural
Transformation Council
(Board) meeting chaired
by the Prime Minister
held, inaugurating ATA’s
program operations
Recommendations of
extension diagnostic endorsed
by PM.
PM requests support for
additional diagnostics in seeds,
soils, irrigation, agricultural
finance, and key value chains
3. 3
Current situation:
• Agriculture accounts for
over 40% of national GDP ‐
the largest portion of the
economy
• Smallholder farmers
account for over 90% of
agriculture production
• Women represent 48% of
the agricultural labor force
• Rapid growth in the
agriculture sector over the
past 10 years has
contributed to a reduction
of poverty, from nearly 40%
of population to less than
30%
• However, gains are uneven
• Ethiopia’s productivity
levels continue to be
among the lowest in Africa
• Many smallholder farmers
continue to produce for
subsistence
• Increasing concerns about
smallholder farmers ability
to mitigate the risks related
to climate change
The process that led to the creation of the ATA identified some key issues that needed
to be addressed for Ethiopia to reach its agricultural development targets
Two high level bottlenecks
were identified as key
challenges in reaching the
vision
• Lack of capacity to identify
tailor‐made solutions for
the key systemic
bottlenecks in the
agriculture sector
• Lack of capacity to
effectively coordinate and
drive the implementation
of a holistic set of
interventions that will
transform the system and
bring impact at scale
ATA was created to
address these bottlenecks
Ultimate Vision:
• Agriculture productivity
levels for all key crops
above the average of
African countries and
rivaling Asian levels
• Commercialization of
most smallholder
farmers in key crops and
geographies through
effective linkage to
domestic and
international demand
sinks
• Increases in women,
men and youth
smallholder farmer
productivity and
incomes leads to
reduction of national
poverty level
approaching or less than
10% of the population
• Agriculture‐led
industrialization leads to
national middle income
status by 2025
5. 5
The ATA’s mandate will always remain constant, but its organizational design,
strategy, and tactics to achieve its mandate and targets will evolve over time,
with an approximately 15‐20 years phase‐out plan
Phase I
Intensive strategy development
and implementation support in
delivery of high‐impact results in
target Transformation Cluster
woredas
Strengthening of partnerships with
various public and private sector
organizations
Initial capability building support
for the Ministry of Agriculture
Phase II Phase III
ATA accelerates focus on supporting
partners to deliver on high‐impact
results in an expanded set of
Transformation Cluster woredas
Links with and coordination of
partners fully institutionalized
Aggressive capability building of MoA
and other public/private sector
partners
Ministry of Agriculture taking the
lead in scaling up activities
proven in Transformation Cluster
woredas throughout the country
Ministry of Agriculture
functioning as a high‐capability,
high‐impact organization with a
downscaled ATA playing a
backstopping role
Agriculture sector
targets
ATA organizational
approach
Increase of at least 50% in yields of
key crops from 2010 levels in
Transformation Cluster woredas
Doubling in the total production of
key staple crops from 2005 levels
Growth of agricultural value
addition by at least 8% per year,
contributing to overall GDP growth
rate of 11% per year
A decline in the proportion of
population in a state of food
poverty from 28% to 21%
Yield per hectare in Transformation
Cluster woredas in 75th percentile,
compared to other African countries
Total smallholder farmer production
sufficient for total domestic consumption
and export to regional markets
Contribution of agricultural value addition
and processing increases by at least 50%
from 2010 levels
A decline in the proportion of population
in a state of food poverty approaching or
less than 15%
Yield per hectare in key crops within
Transformation Cluster woredas at
comparable levels to Asia
Increase in agricultural productivity,
income, and value addition
contribute to Ethiopia reaching
middle income country status
A decline in the proportion of
population in a state of food
poverty approaching or less than
10%
Alignment with
development
strategies
Growth and Transformation Plan
(GTP) strategy of Ethiopia
The Comprehensive Africa
Agriculture Development
Programme (CAADP)
Agriculture Sector Policy and
Investment Framework (PIF)
9. 9
The Transformation Agenda in 2013 includes 30 Priority and 80 Other Deliverables (1/2)
1. Seed: Establish Regulatory Authorities/Inspection/Certification
2. Seed: Expand direct seed distribution trials
3. Seed: Ensure sufficient seed for wheat initiative
4. Soil: Complete EthioSIS digital soil mapping
5. Soil: Complete soil fertility mapping/fertilizer recommendations
6. Soil: Establish cooperative‐owned blending facilities
7. Coops: Design and launch advanced certification system
8. Coops: Design and launch cooperative auditing system
9. Coops: Train coops on input distribution in wheat woredas
10. Input & Output: Design and launch new input credit system
11. Input & Output: Deliver input credit to wheat cluster woredas
12. Input & Output: Ensure Mama Fresh Injera contract completion
13. Markets: Create market linkages for sesame cooperatives
14. Markets: Create market linkages for chickpea unions
15. Markets: Create market linkages for tef smallholders
16. Markets: Create market linkages for barley smallholders
17. Household Irrigation: Conduct shallow groundwater mapping
18. Research & Extension: Improve research career path/incentives
19. Research & Extension: Improve DA career path/incentives
20. Tef: Scale‐up “core” technology package
21. Wheat: Launch and execute Wheat Initiative
22. Wheat: Develop/plan for EGTE purchase, primarily from coops
23. Maize: Design & initiate Maize Initiative
24. Maize: Ensure completion of WFP P4P Program purchase
25. Technology Access: Develop strategy for mechanical implements
26. Technology Access: Ensure availability of tef row planters
27. Technology Access: Deploy threshers (Wheat/Maize/Tef Initiatives)
28. Technology Access: Deploy harvesters (Wheat/Maize/Tef Initiatives)
29. PPP: Convert Grow Africa opportunities to investments
30. PPP: Convert G8 Letters of Intent (LOIs) to investments
31. Seed: Complete and release Seed Sector Strategy
32. Seed: Undertake genetic restoration of key crops
33. Seed: Strengthen research center capacity
34. Seed: Create contractual relationships across the value chain
35. Seed: Develop seed proclamation regulations and protocols
36. Seed: Streamline varietal release process
37. Seed: Strengthen internal quality control of public producers
38. Seed: Strengthen intermediate seed sector
39. Seed: Increase breeding capacity in priority crops
40. Seed: Ensure PSE producers satisfy demand for Initiatives
41. Soils: Complete and release Soil Sector Strategy
42. Soils: Promote integrated soil fertility management (ISFM)
43. Soils: Establish National Soil Resources Institute
44. Soils: Conduct blended fertilizer demonstrations
45. Soils: Develop soil test‐based fertilizer recommendations
46. Soils: Undertake ISFM trial/scale‐up
47. Soils: Strengthen registry/release mechanism
48. Soils: Design ‘Sustainable Land Management’ program
49. Soils: Establish soil amendment production facilities
50. Coops: Review and amend coop proclamation
51. Coops: Launch Ardaita Coop College strengthening process
52. Coops: Launch commission‐based output marketing system
53. Coops: Align regional and national federations to strategy
54. Coops: Popularize cooperative strategy
55. Coops: Strengthen operational effectiveness of FCA
56. Coops: Improve output marketing of Initiative coops
57. Coops: Operationalize certification process
58. Coops: Operationalize cooperative auditing system
59. Input & Output: Release agricultural finance strategy
60. Input & Output: Strengthen warehouse receipt system
61. Input & Output: Improve fertilizer supply chain
62. Input & Output: Design improved input distribution system
63. Input & Output: Support SHFs/coops and buyer engagement
Not Started Significant Delay Slight Delay On Track Completed
Priority Deliverables Other Deliverables
10. 10
The Transformation Agenda in 2013 includes 30 Priority and 80 Other Deliverables (2/2)
Not Started Significant Delay Slight Delay On Track Completed
64. Input & Output: Launch Community Warehouse Receipts
65. Markets: Develop maize export strategy
66. Markets: Assess and develop export information system
67. Markets: Initiate Coffee program at ATA
68. Household Irrigation: Complete and release HHI Strategy
69. Household Irrigation: Complete pump supply chain study
70. Household Irrigation: Develop/test value chain interventions
71. Household Irrigation: Institute mandatory pump standards
72. Research & Extension: Complete & release Research Strategy
73. Research & Extension: Complete & release Extension Strategy
74. Research & Extension: Revise technology prioritization process
75. Research & Extension: Build biotech capacity of Holeta
76. Research & Extension: Upgrade FTCs in Initiative woredas
77. Research & Extension: Develop training for ADPLAC experts
78. Research & Extension: Create NARC
79. Research & Extension: Amend Biosafety proclamation
80. Tef: Complete and release Tef Sector Strategy
81. Tef: Promote legume‐based cropping system for tef farmers
82. Tef: Collaborate with EIAR to test other agronomy practices
83. Tef: Provide support to wider scale‐up of “core” package
84. Wheat: Complete and release Wheat Sector Strategy
85. Maize: Complete and release Maize Sector Strategy
86. Access: Identify at least 5 new appropriate high priority technologies
87. Technology Access: Deploy urea super granule (USG) machines
88. Technology Access: Streamline technologies review & release process
89. Climate & Environment: Introduce drought index insurance
90. Climate & Environment: Improve climate information capacity
91. Climate & Environment: Promote plastic rain gauges in Initiative woredas
92. Climate & Environment: Provide downscaled forecasts in target woredas
93. Gender: Build capacity with MOA‐WAD
94. Gender: Advance Women's Economic Leadership (WEL) project
95. Analytics: Complete and release Sesame Strategy
96. Analytics: Complete and release Barley Strategy
97. Analytics: Complete and release Sorghum Strategy
98. Analytics: Strengthen MOA‐PPD to undertake MLE
99. Analytics: Complete Institutional survey in cluster woredas
100.ICT: Complete analysis of MOA ICT capacity
101.ICT: Create inputs and output markets tracking system
102.ICT: Utilize Farm Radio in Initiative woredas
103.ICT: Implement mobile phone pilot for data collection
104.PPP: Launch initiative to build storage infrastructure
105.PPP: Operationalize strategy to implement strategic grain reserve
106.PPP: Explore merits of expanded Home Grown School Feeding project
107.PPP: Support Ethiopian Investment Agency for agriculture investors
108.PPP: Ensure G8 policy commitments are on track
109.Impl. Support: Develop crop mix strategy for cluster woredas
110.Impl. Support: Organize cluster farmer trainings, supervision & field days
Other Deliverables
19. ATA continues to face challenges in three broad areas as it seeks to contribute
to Ethiopia’s agricultural transformation Agenda
19
Operational
Area Risk level Observations/comments
Hybrid staffing model
Managing a fast growing
organization
Transition of diaspora and international staff to local
staff has to occur through a carefully managed process
Growing pains of putting systems and processes in
place for an organization that has grown to nearly 200
Programmatic
Strategic
Being opportunistic versus
being strategic
Focusing on the right
number of levers
Balancing transformational
vs. consultative approach
Being opportunistic was appropriate initially but
becoming more systematic on how/where we work
Becoming more selective in taking on new requests
from donors , MoA and Transformation Council
Constant struggle to be consultative and humble but
not caught up in the traditional bureaucracy
Support from senior
policy makers
Relationship with
implementing partners
Space for innovation and
true transformation
Managing expectations
Strong support from Prime Minister, Ministry of
Agriculture, Regions and Transformation Council
Resistance and misunderstanding occur frequently with
various public sector partners. Strong donor relations.
Increasing space and appetite from policy makers for
more transformational ideas
Continued challenges in managing the high
expectations many have of ATA’s role in transformation