Bofana, Jose. 2023. Mapping cropland extent over a complex landscape: An assessment of the best approaches across the Zambezi River basin. PowerPoint presentation given during the Project Inception Workshop, VIP Grand Hotel, Maputo, Mozambique, April 20, 2023

1. Mapping cropland extent over a complex
landscape: An assessment of the best approaches
across the Zambezi River basin
José Bofana
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Universidade Católica de Moçambique (www.ucm.ac.mz)
Faculdade de Ciências Agronómicas
Cuamba University Campus, Rua do Aeroporto
CP. 22, Cuamba City 3305, Niassa – Mozambique
jmbofana@ucm.ac.mz | +258870204768
Acknowledgements:
Team

2. Background Information
UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE
MOCAMBIQUE
Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas
2023/10/02 www.ucm.ac.mz 2
By tracking the cropland extent
and changes, the following
SDG’s could be addressed:
World Population expected to
reach 9.7 billion by 2050
Agriculture is not only essential for food supply but also remains the
primary source of sustenance on the entire planet.
Globally, the changes on climate patterns have made it necessary to collect
information on the extent of cropland area and evaluate the impact of
these changes in the agriculture sector.
https://hungermap.wfp.org/ as for 2023/04/19
The HUNGER MAP

3. Notes on Agricultural systems within the selected regions
Rainfed Agriculture and it’s mostly affected by the rainfall variability.
Commercial (Large scale) farm
in Copperbelt, Zambia
Small scale farms, Zambezi
Delta (Tete-Mozambique)
Over this region three categories of farmers can be identified. These
categories are based on the farmland size owned by the farmers.
The Zambezi River basin
Background Information
UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE
MOCAMBIQUE
Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas
2023/10/02 www.ucm.ac.mz 3

4. Methodological Approaches
UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE
MOCAMBIQUE
Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas
2023/10/02 www.ucm.ac.mz 4
Zambia
Zimbabwe Mozambique
Training
Samples
(7971
Samples)
Validation
Samples
(4639
Samples)
Recently
Existing
Dataset
UAVs
Mobile
APPS
User
interpretation
of
high
resolution
images

5. Methodological Approaches
UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE
MOCAMBIQUE
Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas
2023/10/02 www.ucm.ac.mz 5
Recently Existing Dataset
Cropland from a remote sensing perspective as a
piece of land of a minimum 0.25 ha (minimum
width of 30 m) that is sowed/planted and
harvestable at least once within the 12 months
after the sowing/planting date (JECAM) network .
Annual
1. Confusion Matrix
2. Kappa Coefficient
3. Analysis of Variance
4. Tukey HSD test

6. The Outputs
UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE
MOCAMBIQUE
Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas
2023/10/02 www.ucm.ac.mz 6
10m cropland over the ZRB mapped by using
Random Forest Classifier (84% overall accuracy)
Bofana, J.; Zhang, M.; Nabil, M.; Wu, B.; Tian, F.; Liu, W.;
Zeng, H.; Zhang, N.; Nangombe, S.S.; Cipriano, S.A.; Phiri,
E.; Mushore, T.D.; Kaluba, P.; Mashonjowa, E.; Moyo, C.
Comparison of Different Cropland Classification Methods
under Diversified Agroecological Conditions in the Zambezi
River Basin. Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 2096.
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12132096
Overall accuracy
Agroecological zones RF SVM MD CART
Tropic Cool Sub-humid 93.8 91.8 84.5 83.5
Tropic Cool Semiarid 87.2 82.9 79.4 82.9
Tropic Warm Sub-humid 85.9 68.5 76.5 68.5
Tropic Warm Semiarid 82.6 69.6 77 72.7
Average of Four AEZs 87.4 78.2 79.4 76.9
K C ffi i

7. Applicability: National Cropland layer for
crop monitoring system
UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE
MOCAMBIQUE
Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas
2023/10/02 www.ucm.ac.mz 7
The crop-monitoring system that uses both satellite-based remote sensing and
ground information to monitor four major categories of 32 indicators
(Agroclimatic, Agronomic, Arable land use and crop-production) on global,
regional, national and sub-national levels, or any interest of areas.
International capacity building and Joint data collection
As of 2018, CropWatch was
launched in Mozambique in a
collaboration between the
AIR-CAS and the Universidade
Católica de Moçambique
(UCM) through the Ministry of
Agriculture and Rural
Development.

8. Applicability: National Cropland layer for
crop monitoring system
UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE
MOCAMBIQUE
Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas
2023/10/02 www.ucm.ac.mz 8
Mozambique National Cropland Map
at 10m resolution for 2017-2019
Overall Accuracy: 83.8%.
Powered
by
Cropland mask improvement in the high-
hills region (TETE)
Crop-type and field boundaries mapping
For Mozambique

9. Applicability: the CropWatch System Mozambique
UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE
MOCAMBIQUE
Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas
2023/10/02 www.ucm.ac.mz 9
A customized CropWatch cloud (IN PORTUGUESE) platform that provides crop-
condition monitoring on the National, Provincial, district and Administrative unites…
http://cropwatch.com.cn/newcropwatch/main.htm?language=en&token=crop-64410dcd56f857.83408833

10. Applicability: the CropWatch System Mozambique
UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE
MOCAMBIQUE
Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas
2023/10/02 www.ucm.ac.mz 10
Several Remote
Sensing-based
information (i.e.,
Precipitation,
temperature, NDVI,
LAI, CALF, etc…) can be
accessed by anyone,
anywhere at anytime.

11. 2023/10/02 www.ucm.ac.mz 11
In June 2018,
Mozambique officially
integrated National
Agro-Meteorological
monitoring results from
CropWatch on
provinces and districts.
Applicability: the CropWatch System Mozambique
UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE
MOCAMBIQUE
Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas

12. 2023/10/02 www.ucm.ac.mz 12
Applicability: the CropWatch System Mozambique
UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE
MOCAMBIQUE
Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas
A dedicated page
on the CropWatch
Cloud Webpage for
Mozambique Crop
conditions and
desaster’s Updates
in Portuguese
language
http://cloud.cropwatch.com.cn/report/show?id=31&section_id=33003

13. Thank you.
By José Bofana
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Universidade Católica de Moçambique (www.ucm.ac.mz)
Faculdade de Ciências Agronómicas
Cuamba University Campus, Rua do Aeroporto
CP. 22, Cuamba City 3305, Niassa – Mozambique
jmbofana@ucm.ac.mz | +258870204768
Acknowledgements:
Team