Communications in disasters

UBIQUITOUS NETWORKS
IN DISASTERS & EMERGENCIES
7th Korea Communications Conference, Seoul, Korea
May 12 , 2011 (version of May 4, 2011)
update: February 17, 2013

by Gerhard Fasol
Eurotechnology Japan KK
http://www.eurotechnology.com/
fasol@eurotechnology.com

(c) 2011 Eurotechnology Japan KK www.eurotechnology.com 1 Fasol: Ubiquitous networks for disasters May 12, 2011

COMMUNICATIONS FOR DISASTERS
• How does it feel in a disaster? - Why we need to prepare

• Why warning systems save lives

• Communicating during disasters:

• Which information do we need? “Situational awareness”

• What do we need to communicate?

• How can we communicate and why we need social networks
and twitter

• Some lessons learnt from Japan’s March 11, 2011 triple disasters

HOW DOES IT FEEL IN A DISASTER?
• Earthquake:

• no time, no escape, uncertainty of what is next, afterquakes (yoshin)

• Tsunami, broken dam, ﬂooding

• most people had no idea what a giant Tsunami is, run for your life to a high location as fast as
you can

• Nuclear disaster:

• radiation is invisible, need for measurements, need for warning

• Vulcano

• Storm, hurricane

• Sudden military attack, terror attack

QUAKE + AFTER-QUAKES
10 earth quakes of magnitude larger 5
9 in Japan 2011
magnitude

8
7
6
5
4
Feb 14 Feb 28 Mar 14 Mar 28 Apr 11

SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
= WHAT IS GOING ON?


YURE KURU = QUAKE COMES


NUCLEAR DISASTER
600
550 Radiation in Tokyo
500
c 2011 Eurotechnology Japan KK
www.eurotechnology.com

450
Radiation nanoGray hour

400 green: AIST, Tsukuba
blue: Tokyo Metrop.
350 Inst. of Public Health
300 Shinjuku
red: TEPCO, Shibuya
250
200 Radiation in Austria
highest values
150
100
11 3 Radiation in Austria
50 14:46 lowest values

0
01 3 05 3 10 3 15 3 20 3 25 3 01 4 05 4 10 4 15 4 20 4 25 4 30 4


RADIATION LEVELS ON MOBILE PHONE


OUR NEWSLETTER INFORMED 10,000’S

Newsletter archive: http://conta.cc/EurotArchive
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UNDERSTANDING RAW RADIATION DATA

RADIATION DATA ARE DIFFICULT TO UNDERSTAND
WE NEED TO DECIDE WHAT TO DO
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WHY WE NEED TO PREPARE NOW
• When disaster strikes, there is no time at all.

• Communications saves lives, especially in the case of Tsunami

• Harden communication systems against breakdown

• Design communication systems to be resilient

• Protect the communicators

• (during Japan’s March 11, 2011 tsunami disaster, several
emergency communication system operators died because the
emergency communication system command centers were
unprotected against the tsunami)

WHY WARNING SYSTEMS SAVE LIVES

• especially important for Tsunami

• there is some time (a few minutes, up to one hour) between
quake and Tsunami

• you must run as fast as you can to the highest possible location

• if driving a car, you must avoid being stuck in a trafﬁc jam and
you must drive away from the Tsunami as fast as you can

• in the case of an earthquake there is no time.

• advance warning gives a few seconds of preparation


ETWS = EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI
WARNING SYSTEM (3GPP)
• a global standard promoted by Japan

• Primary notification within 4 seconds, provide most urgent
warning

• Secondary notification with instructions

• include security and authentication, to prevent spoofing

• delivery via cell broadcast within defined local areas

• Should be expanded to other emergencies (e.g. vulcano, attack)


COMMUNICATING DURING DISASTERS
• Personal communication

• What is the situation? (situational awareness)

• Where is my family and friends? Do they need help?

• Tell family and friends where I am. Do I need help?

• What do I need to do?

• Responders

• situational awareness, organize help

• make sure responders can communicate with each other

WHICH INFORMATION DO WE NEED?

• Situational awareness:

• need to understand the situation

• Communication with family and friends, with responders

• Need information to take action:

• how to get home, whether to evacuate, protect against
radiation, where to escape to (the Japan March 11, 2011
tsunami killed people who escaped to the wrong places)


WHAT DO WE NEED TO COMMUNICATE?

• Where are immediate family and friends?

• are they safe?

• do they need help?

• Tell immediate family and friends where I am

• tell them where I am

• tell them if I need help


HOW CAN WE COMMUNICATE?

• During March 11, 2011 disaster in Japan:

• mobile voice phone did not work for several days

• mobile email almost did not work (need to try 20-30 times in
order to send one mobile email/text message)

• internet worked

• social networks worked


WHY WE NEED SOCIAL NETWORKS AND
TWITTER

• Internet was designed under DARPA contract to enable communications during nuclear war

• Mobile phone number is ﬁxed to device (via SIM card):

• if the mobile phone network fails, or if the mobile phone runs out of battery, or falls into
water, the mobile phone number as ID becomes useless and we cannot be reached

• Twitter, or social network system:

• ID is independent of device, works on many devices

• asynchronous: we can read the message and respond when we are able to read

• Broadcast mode allows broadcast of messages to large numbers of followers


TWITTER: THE PRIME MINISTER OF JAPAN


TWITTER: JAPAN’S FIRE SERVICES


SOME LESSONS LEARNT FROM JAPAN’S
TRIPLE DISASTERS

• Warning systems for Tsunami need to be improved

• for example, in some cases the operators of the Tsunami warning system were not protected and lost their lives heroically

• Mobile email / mobile internet systems did not work well for 2-3 days after March 11, could be improved

• Radiation warning systems need to be improved.

• some people in Tokyo panicked because sufﬁcient information about the true radiation situation was difﬁcult to obtain

• Some radiation data were transported by messengers(!), some urgently needed radiation data were not distributed until
weeks later

• Social networking systems and Twitter are extremely useful and resilient


SUMMARY

• Nobody wants to be in a disaster, but when disaster strikes:

• there is no time: split seconds can decide on life or death

• priority becomes: to survive

• in the case of a nuclear disaster, radiation data are crucial and
need to be distributed effectively

• Preparations must be done now.

• Once disaster strikes, there is no time

EUROTECHNOLOGY JAPAN KK

• Leading high-tech consulting boutique in Tokyo working globally

• Founded 1997, worked with many of world’s largest corporations (SIEMENS, Deutsche Telekom,
NTT, IKEA,... on technology projects in Japan)

• Work in financial sector includes:

• worked with more than 100 investment fund managers on electronic money and mobile
payment opportunities

• worked with one of the largest financial groups: found mobile banking system malfunction and
assisted in identification of security issues, led to technology advisory contract


GERHARD FASOL

• Worked successfully with Japan’s high-tech sector since 1984 - 27 years. Came ﬁrst to Japan in
1984 to help build NTT’s ﬁrst international R&D cooperation

• Entrepreneur in Tokyo since 1996, Eurotechnology Japan KK worked with many large corporate
groups (e.g. SIEMENS, NTT, Deutsche Telekom, Asahi Glass...), more than 100 investment fund
managers

• Previously: Assoc. Professor of Electrical Engineering at Tokyo University, Tenured Faculty
member at Cavendish Laboratory/University of Cambridge. Co-initiator of spin-electronics
device research in Japan.

• Education: PhD in Physics (Cambridge University, Trinity College, UK)

• http://fasol.com/


CONTACT AND MORE INFORMATION
Contact
•Gerhard Fasol PhD
•Eurotechnology Japan KK, Tokyo, Japan
•http://www.eurotechnology.com/
•Mobile +81-90-8594-6291
•fasol@eurotechnology.com
•gfasol@gmail.com
More information:
•reports:http://www.eurotechnology.com/store/
•twitter: http://twitter.com/gfasol/
•website: http://www.eurotechnology.com/
•personal site: http://fasol.com
(c) 2013 Eurotechnology Japan KK www.eurotechnology.com 26 Innovation projects for CITI Japan February 16, 2013

AND
GERHARD FASOL


GERHARD FASOL
PROFILE: HTTP://WWW.FASOL.COM/PROFILE/
- Eurotechnology Japan KK (founded 1997)
- Build technology business between Europe-Japan and USA-Japan
- Customers include:
- NTT-Communications, Siemens, Asahi Glass, Swisscom, Cubic ..., more than 100 investment fund
managers

- working since 1984 with Japan’s telecom sector
- Assoc. Professor of Electrical Engineering at Tokyo University. Record of Fasol-Laboratory at Tokyo
University: http://www.fasol.com/tokyo_university/
- “Sakigake” R&D project on Spin-Electronics of Japanese Government Science and Technology
Agency.
- Co-initiator of spin-electronics device research in Japan, one of the first to start work on spin-
electronics in Japan in 1991
- Tenured Faculty member at Cavendish Laboratory/University of Cambridge.
- Assoc. Professor of Electrical Engineering at Tokyo University
- PhD in Solid-State Physics (Cambridge University, Trinity College, UK)
- Diplom-Physiker, Ruhr-University Bochum (Diplom-Thesis on Superconductivity)
- Publication list (Books, patents and publications, several publications are specifially concerning
electron-spin and spin-electronics): http://www.fasol.com/profile/publications.shtml
- Languages: English, German (native), French, Japanese, and some Swedish

FOUNDED: FEBRUARY 1997 IN TOKYO

Services and products - focus areas are high-technology, telecommunications, software, middle-ware,
environmental technology and medical equipment:

- Market entry to Japan for European and US high-tech companies, turn-round, reshaping, planning
and building of distribution networks
- European business development and strategy for Japanese companies
- M&A (European and US companies acquiring Japanese companies, Japanese companies acquiring or
investing in Europe)
- Turn-round preparations and management of foreign business in Japan
- Market research and strategy
- Due diligence of high-tech companies, environmental due-diligence
- Advisory services for investment fund managers and investors in technology ﬁelds

- we publish a series of market reports for about 10 years, which are purchased world-wide,
distributed direct and via distribution partners: http://www.eurotechnology.com/store/


- Leading high-technology business development boutique in Tokyo, working globally
- Founded in 1996/1997 - 14 years experience, relationships, cooperations and success record.
- CEO works with Japan’s high-tech / telecom sector since 1984 - 27 years experience, resources,
cooperations.
- Wide network of cooperations in Governments, Embassies, trading companies, distributors,
ﬁnance, VCs, traditional corporations, venture start-ups, industry associations
- Experience: market-entry, restructuring, M&A, acquisitions, due-diligence

Customers include:
- More than 100 investment fund managers
- Industrial customers:
- NTT-Communications, SIEMENS, Deutsche Telekom, Cubic, Unaxis (now: Oerlikon), CITI Group,
CLSA Asian Markets, Genscape, Google, IKEA, Isabellenhuette, Landis+Gyr, National
Instruments, Swisscom, TechnoCom,
- Government
- New York Police Department, European Union, TEKES (Technology Research funding
organization of the Government of Finland)

Deep Japanese technology market knowledge - we publish a series of market reports for about 10
years, which are purchased world-wide. You can purchase our reports on Bloomberg: https://
www.bmart.com/search?&nuts%5B%5D=WIRE%3AEUT, and via eSellerate: http://store.eSellerate.net/
s.aspx?s=STR0576176470 and from http://www.eurotechnology.com/store/

GERHARD FASOL
PROFILE: HTTP://WWW.FASOL.COM/PROFILE/
- Worked successfully with Japan’s high-tech sector since 1984 - 27 years. Came first to Japan in
1984 to help build NTT’s first international R&D cooperation on semiconductor lasers
- Entrepreneur in Tokyo since 1996, Eurotechnology Japan KK worked with many large corporate
groups (e.g. SIEMENS, NTT, Deutsche Telekom, Asahi Glass...), more than 100 investment fund
managers
- Assoc. Professor of Electrical Engineering at Tokyo University. Record of Fasol-Laboratory at Tokyo
University: http://www.fasol.com/tokyo_university/
- Elite “Sakigake” (Pioneer) R&D project on Spin-Electronics of Japanese Government Science and
Technology Agency. This work was evaluated by US National Science Foundation and US
Department of Trade: http://www.wtec.org/loyola/erato/ch7_5.htm
- Co-initiator of spin-electronics device research in Japan, one of the first to start work on spin-
electronics in Japan in 1991
- Tenured Faculty member at Cavendish Laboratory/University of Cambridge.
- Assoc. Professor of Electrical Engineering at Tokyo University
- PhD in Solid-State Physics (Cambridge University, Trinity College, UK)
- Diplom-Physiker, Ruhr-University Bochum (Diplom-Thesis on Superconductivity)
- Publication list (Books, patents and publications, several publications are specifially concerning
electron-spin and spin-electronics): http://www.fasol.com/profile/publications.shtml
- Languages: English, German (native), French, Japanese, and some Swedish


GERHARD FASOL WITH TETSUZO MATSUMOTO, EXEC VP OF
SOFTBANK MOBILE CORPORATION


“POST GALAPAGOS STUDY GROUP”
25 JAPANESE LEADERS + 1 FOREIGNER (GERHARD FASOL) WORKING FOR
ONE YEAR ON CONCEPTS TO OVERCOME JAPAN’S “GALAPAGOS EFFECT”

see: http://accjjournal.com/the-galapagos-effect/

CONTACT AND MORE INFORMATION
Contact
•Gerhard Fasol PhD
•Eurotechnology Japan KK, Tokyo, Japan
•http://www.eurotechnology.com/
•Mobile +81-90-8594-6291
•fasol@eurotechnology.com
•gfasol@gmail.com
More information:
•reports:http://www.eurotechnology.com/store/
•twitter: http://twitter.com/gfasol/
•website: http://www.eurotechnology.com/
•personal site: http://fasol.com

Communications in disasters

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