A parliamentary system is a form of democratic governance where the executive branch is accountable to the legislature. Key characteristics include: 1. The prime minister is elected and nominates other ministers which are approved by the head of state. Experienced members are preferred. 2. All ministers must work as a team and agree on issues. Disagreement can lead to resignation or expulsion from the cabinet. 3. Powers are shared between the legislative and executive branches, which check each other's authority. The government remains in power as long as it has the legislature's confidence.

3. A parliamentary system is a system of democratic
governance of a state in which the executive
branch derives its democratic legitimacy from,
and is held accountable to, the legislature
(parliament); the executive and legislative
branches are thus interconnected

7. 1. Formation of Cabinet
2. Team work spirit
3. Supremacy of premier
4. Coordination of powers
5. Political collective responsibility
6. Term
7. Two executives

8.  When election is over and PM is elected, then
he nominates his council of cabinet or
ministers. The list of ministers is presented
before head of state for his approval. They are
commonly taken from the party’s ring
leadership. Well experienced, alert and learned
members are given preference because of the
sensitive nature of parliamentary system.

9.  In parliamentary system, all ministers work in
a team spirit. They must agree on an issue in
cabinet meeting and because of different
opinion, the minister concerned must resign or
he is expelled from the cabinet. All differences
must be kept secret. The cabinet members are
in the one boat and they either swim together
or sink together.

10.  It is the basic principle of this system that two
organs, legislature and executive share their
powers. In this system, both the organs are
dependent upon each other. They interfere in
each other’s affairs in different constitutional
ways. Both government organs have strong
check on each other.

11.  It is another significant attribute of
parliamentary system that cabinet is
collectively responsible before legislature.
Activities of the cabinet can be questioned and
checked by legislature. Ministers remain in
office as long as they enjoy confidence in
legislature. In case of no confidence in a single
minister, the whole cabinet members are
responsible before people through their elected
representatives.

12.  Term of cabinet is fixed by the constitution but
not in rigid sense. A minister may be removed
or changed anytime. Parliament can be
dissolved during the national emergencies. If
parliament is dissolved, government no longer
remains in office. Parliament, through no-
confidence movement against any particular
minister, PM or against the whole cabinet can
remove government. Therefore, life of
parliamentary government is uncertain.

13.  Another characteristic of parliamentary system
is that there are two type of executives i.e.
titular and binomial executive. Titular
executive is head of the state i.e. the president
of Pakistan. And the second is real executive
who is to exercise real powers of the state and
is head of government i.e. the Prime minister of
Pakistan.

14.  The Federal System is applied to the country
where 2 systems of administration prevail at a
time; the Federal Government and the
Provincial Government. Pakistan is such a
country where both the types of governments
prevail. The Federal constitution decides about
the rights, power & duties of the Center &
Provinces.

15.  A federal republic is a federation of states with
a republican form of government. A federation
is the central government. The states in a
federation also maintain the federation. Usage
of the term republic is inconsistent but, as a
minimum, it means a state or federation of
states that does not have a monarch.