learning

3. Learning
 Defined as a change in an individual’s behavior
caused by experiences or self activity
 Implies that learning can only happen through the
individuals activity or his own doing
 Can be intentional or unintentional

4. Learning Style
The manner by which an individual
incorporates new data.

5. Basic Learning Principles
 Relevance.
 Maturation.
 Reinforcement.
 Organization.
 Motivation.
 Readiness.
 Participation.
 Repetition.

6. Characteristics of learning
 Unitary
 Individual
 Social
 Self- active
 Purposive
 Creative
 Transferable
 Growth
 Adjustment
 Organizing Experience
 Intelligent
 Depends upon insight
 Take place through Trial
and Error.

7. Types of Learning Styles
 Visual - processes best by seeing.
 Auditory - processes best by hearing.
 Kinesthetic - processes best by touching,
feeling, or doing.

8. Learning Barriers
Environmental
 Interruptions
 Lack of privacy
 Multiple stimuli
Sociocultural
 Language
 Value system
 Educational background
Psychological
 Fear, Anxiety
 Anger
 Depression
 Inability to comprehend
Physiological
 Pain
 Fatigue
 Sensory Deprivation
 Oxygen Deprivation
EXTERNAL BARRIERS INTERNAL
BARRIERS

9. Learning Domains
 Cognitive domain - involves intellectual understanding.
 Affective domain - involves attitudes, beliefs, and
emotions.
 Psychomotor domain - involves the performance of
motor skills.
There are three principal areas or domains
where learning occurs:

10. Teaching Methods for the
Cognitive Domain
 Discussion.
 Formal lecture.
 Question-and-answer sessions.
 Role play.
 Games/computer activities.

11. Teaching Methods for the
Affective Domain
 Role Play.
 Discussion.

12. Teaching Methods for the
Psychomotor Domain
 Demonstration.
 Supervised practice.
 Return demonstration.

13. If I can not
learn the
way you
teach, will
you teach
me the way
I can learn?

14. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
TEACHING & LEARNING
 Both teaching & learning may be
formal
or informal.
 Both are goal oriented.
 Good teaching results in good
learning.

15. Cont…
 Both teaching and learning require
skills, creativity, intelligence and
operate on definite principles.
 Good teaching requires good
communication skill & good learning
requires good listening skills.
 Only good learners become good
teachers.

16. THE NEEDS FOR
RELATING TEACHING TO
LEARNING
 Teaching can be made effective by
relating it to learning.
 Teaching objectives can be identified in
behavioural terms and appropriate
learning situations may be created to
realise these objects.
 The knowledge of relationship will be
helpful to teacher educator to produce
effective teachers.

17. Cont..
 The appropriate teaching conditions or
structures may be generated for
effective learning.
 The effective teaching aids may be
selected for creating learning
situations.
 The concepts of relationship of
teaching and learning will be an aid to
understand the nature of teaching.