Report on RAWE and Agro-industrial attachment 2022

Progressive Report on Rural Agricultural
Work Experience (RAWE) and Agro-
Industrial Attachment (AIA)
(A PART OF STUDENT READY PROGRAMME)
SUBMITTED TO THE
INTEGRAL UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF
THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (Hons.)
In
AGRICULTURE
by
Deependra Gupta
Enrollment No. 1800102495
VIIth Semester/IVth Year
to
Dr Ayush Bhushan
Assistant Professor
Department of Agriculture
Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology (IIAST)
Integral University
Lucknow-226 026
2021-22

Department of Agriculture, IIAST Page 1
Rural Agricultural Work ExperienceProgram(RAWE) is organized every year for
the under graduate students of B. Sc. (Hons.) Agriculture, finalyear VIIth
semester.
RAWE helps the students primarily in understanding the ruralsituations, status of
agricultural technologies adopted by farmers, prioritizethe farmer’s problems
and to develop skills and attitude of working with farm families for overall
development in ruralarea.
In our India mostof the people are adopting agriculture and allied sectors as their
occupation. So, importanceof agriculture in India is mostvaluable than other
sectors. As students of agriculturesector, we have to develop new technologies
for more efficient work in agriculture. RAWE Programis a very much important
Part to achieve this goal.
Here participatory ruralappraisal(PRA) technique is conducted to gain
experience. So, we wererequired to carry out the exercises in the assigned village
with help of the villagers and submitour reportthrough different maps.
During the PRA exercise, we were exposed to village situation and we got a basic
understating of various on-farmactivities. Each and every student developed
communication skills during the presentation conducted regularly under this
program.
Various exercises under this project developed this knowledgeof the student and
revised all the courses that we studied for the last 3 years. We are now
comfortable while communicating with the villagers.
I think the most important achievement of this RAWE program is that it has
generated interest in the minds of the students to do something for the villagers
because wehave very closely observed the real problems and difficulties faced by
the poor farmers.

Objectives of RAWE program:
 To gain knowledgeand experience opportunity aspect of agricultural
technology being useby farmer.
 To make the students familiar with socio-economic conditions of the
farmers and their problems.
 To impart diagnostic and remedial knowledgeto the students relevant to
real field situations through practical training.
 To develop communication skills in students using extension teaching
methods in transfer of technology.
 To develop confidence and competence to solveagricultural problems.
 To acquaint students with on-going extension and rural development
programs.

I’MDeependraGupta studentof 4th year B.SC. agricultureFeel highly delighted
enough after the accomplishment of my assigned RAWE based on PRA tools &
technique. My journey towards theaccomplishment wouldn’thave been possible
without the support& guidance of my teachers & groupmates.
I express my gratitude toward our Hon’bleChancellor, Prof. SyedWasim Akhtar
and Prof. Mohd. Haris Siddiqui, Director, IIAST for taking interest in the RAWE
program. With great pleasure and deep senseof unwavering gratitude, I express
my sincereappreciation and indebtedness to our Head Dr. Saba Siddiqui, Dept. of
Agriculture, Dr. Malik MobeenAhmad, Mr. NadeemKhan, Dr. Sunil Kumar and
other faculty members whoseinitiative, interest, personalsupervision, creative
suggestions and valuable guidance at every step provided me a constantsourceof
energetic inspiration and encouragement for intensive studies and help me to
understand the true value of this program.
I am also highly obliged to all the KVK members who help us and provideus
knowledge, supportand their valuable time. And special thanks to head of KVK-II
Katiya, Sitapur Dr. Daya Shankar SrivastavaScientist-Plant Protection & In-charge HEAD, Dr.
ShailendraSingh Scientist-Agriculture Extension, Dr. Shishir Kant Singh Scientist- Agronomy,
Dr. YogendraPratapSingh Farm Manager (GPB), and Mr. Sachin Pratap Tomar Scientist-
Soil Science.
Last but not least I would like to thanks all the villagers and all my groupmates for
their help, supportand co-operation.
Thank You
- DeependraGupta
- 1800102495

Sr.
No.
Particulars Page No.
1. Orientationprogram 5-9
2. Visit to KVK 10-11
3. Activities that done at KVK 12-16
4. Village attachment 17-20
5. Map of Katiya 21
6. Problems and Constraints of the village 22
7. Visit tokatiya village 23-25
8. Details of selected farmers 26-28
9. Kisan Goshthi 29-31
10. Agro-Industrial attachment 32-35
11. Sugar factory process 36-42
12. Flow-Chart 43
13. Sugarcane composition 44
14. Visit toSeksariacane farm 45-46
15. Feedback 46

Orientation Programme

One-week RAWE Orientation Programmewas organized by the Department
Of Agriculture, Integral Institute of Agricultural Scienceand Technology (IIAST),
on September 27,2021-October 4, 2021 as per the directives of Fifth Dean
committee of AgriculturalEducation Division of Indian Council of Agricultural
Research. The main aim of this Student READY programme is to providerural
entrepreneurship awareness, practicalexperience in real-life situations in rural
agriculture and creating awareness regarding Agricultureand allied sciences.
The main objectives of RAWE are:
 To providean opportunity to the students to understand the ruralcontext
in regard to agricultureand allied activities.
 To familiarize students with the farmers'socioeconomic situation and
challenges.
 To impart diagnostic and remedial information to the students relevant to
real Field situations through practical training.
 To develop communication skills in students using extension teaching
methods in transfer of technology
 To develop confidence and competence to solveagricultural problems
 To acquaint students with on-going extension and rural development
programmes
During this orientation event, renowned speakers fromvarious Agricultural
backgrounds and Agro-industrialsectors interacted with students of B.Sc. (Hons.)
AgricultureVIIth
Semester and gavethem an overview of employability and
opportunities in the field of Agriculture.
The members of the RAWE committee Dr. Malik Mobeen, Dr. Khalid Habib, Dr.
Faria Fatima, Dr. Sunil Kumar, Mr. Nadeem Khan, Dr. Ayush Bhushan, Dr.
Sudhanshu Verma, Dr. Jitendra Kushwaha, Mr. SunilKumar enthusiastically
organized the whole event under the guidance of Prof. Mohd. Haris Siddiqui,

Dean, Faculty of AgriculturalScience and Technology and Dr. Saba Siddiqui, Head,
Department of Agriculture.
The details of the one-week orientation program areas under:
Day 1
Dr V.K Singh, SMS- Plant Protection, KVK, Sitapur-I elaborated on the
progression of Agricultural techniques from traditional to sophisticated targeted
approaches. He emphasized upon the importance of new agricultural practices,
the status of agricultural technologies adopted by the farmers and encouraged
the students to understand the problems of farmers and to develop the attitude
of working with farm families for overall development of rural areas.
Mr Prashant Arya, Marketing Management, Parag Dairy, Chakganjariya,
Lucknow encouraged the students to join the Agro-industries and explained the
industrial opportunities. He discussed the great deal of variation in the pattern of
Dairy production worldwide. He also talked about the contribution of Dairy
industries which is the major source of income in India. The students also gained
knowledgeregarding the production of milk on dairy farms, the processing of milk
and milk products at dairy plants.
Day 2
Dr. L.C. Verma, Head, KVK, Sidharth Nagar highlighted the importance of
Agriculture extension and the current Agricultural policies. He stressed that
extension programmes should be regularly conducted for visual publicity of
improved practices. He discussed the role of KVKs in dissemination of agricultural
technologies.
Mr Ritesh Sethi, General Manager (Operation) and Mr Surendra, Senior
Manager, Organic India, Barabanki familiarized the students with various
machines, procedures, products and other applications along with relevant
aspects of Agro-industries in their combined presentation. They explained the
importance of organic products over synthetic ones that will help to strengthen
the immune system of humans. Their address included the importance of organic
products like Tulsi, Ginger, Apple Cider, Vinegar etc. which is not only chemical
free, but is also better for the environment and supports small sustainable
farmers as well.

Day 3
Dr. R. K. Anand, Head, KVK Amethi urged the students to develop confidence and
continuity for solving the problems related to Agriculture. He sensitized about the
village social work, village survey, and role of students in creating awareness
amongst the farmers.
Mr. Pawan Kumar, Senior Manager, Gyan Dairy, Lucknow stated that Agriculture
represents an important component of the Indian economy both in terms of
contribution to the GDP as well as a source of employment to the majority of
population. He discussed in detail how sustainable growing can generate decisive
impetus and make significant contributions to fight against poverty.
Day 4
Dr. Ram Prakash, Head/ Senior Scientist KVK, Hardoi described the importance
of Organic farming, Integrated Nutrient Management, Biofertilizers, Mixed
cropping patterns and Intercropping to the students. The session was flooded
with questions by students and all the questions were responded well by the
speaker.
Dr. S. K Singh, Director, KRIBCHO, Lucknow shared his views on the opportunities
in the fertilizer-based industry. He discussed the organic and inorganic fertilizers
in detail and acquainted the students with the process of manufacturing of
different types of fertilizers.
Day 5
Dr. Ratana Priya, SMS KVK, Unnao talked about different components of the
RAWE programme and how various components are interactive and
conceptualized for building skills, executing decision making, team coordination
etc. with end-to-end approach.
Dr. Mohammad Hasnain, Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture,
IIAST shared the importance of Selenium as Potash alternative in Moong Plants.
He described the effectiveness of Selenium fertilizers as it increases the
nutritional quality of grain legumes by stimulating photosynthetic apparatus and
antioxidative machinery under water deficit conditions.

Day 6
Dr. Ram RatanVerma, Senior Scientist, Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Indian
Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow gave a presentation on soil health. The
students got an overview of Soil health card, parameters affecting Soil properties
and Soil management techniques.
Dr Ashok Kumar Dubey, Senior Manager, Veeta Day Industry,
Barabanki discussed the process of manufacturing Rusk, Biscuits, and Bread. He
introduced Veeta Day, which is India's leading manufacturer in Bread and Rice. He
very well demonstrated the manufacturing of Rusk and Bread with the help of
videos.
Therewere200 keen participants in total who took part in the Orientation
programme and the response from the audience was overwhelming.
Glimpses of the event-
Fig.1 Orientation program attending with my class group

 As we know that the RAWE programis done through any of KrishiVigyan
Kendra. So, we sent to the KVK-II Katiya Sitapur for completing my RAWE
Programactivities.
 On first day my whole group reached KVK and the whole KVK members
welcomed us wholeheartedly.
 The head scientistDr Daya Shankar Srivastava provideus the details about
RAWE activities that we haveto do during 8 weeks of RAWE programme.
And he suggested us about village attachment. He tells us that how we
interact with farmers. And he also awareus about problems of farmers.
 Dr ShailendraSinghwas my RAWE In-chargehetook a tour of KVK campus.
Fig.2 First day picture with senior teachers of my college, KVK scientist and my whole Group.

Fig.3 Whole group of RAWE students of my college.
Fig.4 Teachers shows us Paddy Crop

Activities that done at KVK:
1. Prepare Growbag Mixture and fill intothe bags:
I. Plant grow bags are durable, flexible, portable and reusablemade up of
fabric material that you can usein your home garden.
II. Farmers can use them into your field to fill empty space as shown in the
picture and grow an additional crop for generating extra income.
2. Taking part in ICAR:All IndiaCoordinatedResearchProject onGroundnut:
I. Taking partin ICAR: All India Coordinated Research Projecton
Groundnut.

3. Celebrate WorldSoil Day:
I. On the occasion of world soil day KVK head Dr. Daya Sankar
Srivastavatold that increasing population, decreasing cultivated land
and deteriorating soil health is reflective for incoming farmer
generation. We have to work on improving soil health every day for
better production.
4. Transplanting ornamental and flowering plants:
I. We prepare raised beds and transplantornamental and flowering
plants in rows and also made low tunnel for growing nursery.

5. Farmers Day Celebration:
I. ‘Kisan Samman Samaaroh’ was organized on the occasion of Farmers
Day. And ten farmers that has made significant achievements in the
field of agriculture was honoured by the chief guest giving them
certificate and corsets.
6. Vermicompost:
I. Vermicompostis stable, fine granular organic manure, which
enriches soil quality by improving its physicochemicaland biological
properties. Itis highly usefulin raising seedlings and for crop
production. Vermicompostis becoming popular as a major
component of organic farming system.
II. Vermicomposting is a method of preparing enriched compost with
the useof earthworms. Itis one of the easiest methods to recycle
agricultural wastes and to produce quality compost. Earthworms
consumebiomass and excrete it in digested form called worm casts.
Worm casts are popularly called as Black gold. The casts are rich in

nutrients, growth promoting substances, beneficial soil micro flora
and having properties of inhibiting pathogenic microbes.
 Vermicomposting materials:
I. Decomposableorganic wastes such as animal excreta, kitchen waste,
farmresidues and forestlitter are commonly used as composting
materials.
II. Eisenia foetida (Red earthworm), Itis preferred becauseof its high
multiplication rate and thereby converts the organic matter into
vermicompostwithin 45-50 days.
 Compostgets ready in 45-50 days.

7. Azolla:
I. Azolla is a small plant float in the waste and grows rapidly azolla is
very rich in protein vitamins and mineral.
II. Azolla mostly used as feed for animals like cattle, poultry, birds, duck,
also it is used as biofertilizer.
III. Greenmanure:Azolla is applied @ 0.6-1.0 kg/m2
(6.25-10.0t/ha) and
incorporated before transplanting of rice.
IV. Dual crop: Azolla is applied @ of 100 g/m2
(1.25t/ha), oneto three
days after transplanting of rice and allowed to multiply for 25-30
days. Azolla fronds can be incorporated into the soil at the time of
firstweeding.

Village Attachment

Village Information:
Land Use Pattern:
 Total Geographical Area:
 Land Under Cultivation:
 Residential Area:
 Forest Area:
- 489.77 ha
- 304.35 ha
- 155.42 ha
- 30 ha
Social Structure:
 No. of families:
 Population:
 Male:
 Female:
- 584
- 1260
- 648
- 612
 Name:
 Gram Panchayat:
 Block:
 District:
 Police Station:
 Post Office:
- Katiya
- Katiya
- Biswan
- Sitapur
- Manpur
- Ulra

Institution:
 No. of School:
 Anganwadi:
 Temples:
 Mosque:
- 2
- 2
- 2
- 2
Hydrological Resources:
 Pond:
 Tube well:
 Well:
 Lakes:
- 5
- 2
- 8
- 1
Farm Implements:
 Power Thresher:
 Tractor:
 Rotavator:
 Cultivator:
 Winnower:
 Harrow:
 Plough:
 Sprayers:
- 6
- 8
- 5
- 4
- 4
- 3
- 10
- 8

Livestock and Animal position:
 Cow:
 Buffalo:
 Goat:
 Bullock:
 Chicken:
 FishPond:
- 87
- 49
- 407
- 4
- 207
- 6
MajorCropping Pattern:
 Kharif: 1. Paddy
2. Sesame (Til)
3. Black Gram
 Rabi: 4. Wheat
5. Mustard
6. Sugarcane
7. Pea
8. Potato
 Zaid: 9. Cucumber
10.Maize
11.Brinjal
12.Mentha

Fig.1 Map of Katiya source Google Maps
 Distance of “Katiya” fromits district head quarter Sitapur is 25 Km.
 Itis situated near to Manpur on Sitapur-Khairabad-Biswan bypass Road.
 Itis 4 Km fromManpur in south direction.
 Krishi Vigyan Kendra-II Katiya Sitapur is 500mfromthe village.
Soil type of Katiya:
Soil type is alluvial soil. Itcontains sand, salts and silt particles which come from
the mountains with the rivers.

Problems and Constraints in the village:
 General problems of the village:
 Roads are not properly maintained.
 Dirty water management systemis not maintained.
 Lake of pucca houses.
 Lake of governmentfertilizer, seed and pesticide shop.
 Unemployment.
 Low literacy rate.
 Problems relatedto agriculture:
 Lake of gov. tube well.
 Lake of proper drainagesystem.
 Lake of basic technical knowledgeabout agriculture.
 Farmers follow mono cropping pattern.
 Lake of Agriclinic and doctors.
 Lake of awareness aboutgov. policies and schemes.
 A huge problem of ‘Stray Animals’.
Village Profile andTopography:
Katiya has a humid subtropicalclimate with cool, dry winters from mid-
November to February and dry, hotsummers fromlate March to June. The rainy
season is fromJuly to mid-September. In winter, the maximum temperature is
around 25 °C (77 °F) and the minimum is in 3 °C (37 °F) to 7 °C (45 °F) range.

Visit to Katiya Village:
Fig.2 Village servay with my group.
Fig.3 With farmer Mr. Gauri Shankar

Fig.4 With farmers of Katiya.
Fig.5 With a young farmer of Katiya.

Fig.6 Taking information about village with village Pradhan.
Fig.7 taking information from primary teachers of Katiya.

Details of selected farmers:
Farmer 1
Name of the farmer Gauri Shankar
Father’s Name Chinta
Age 62 y
Education Highschool
Caste SC
Occupation Agriculture
Income 1,65,966
Family members 5 Male, 4 Female
Land Area 1.66 ha
Farmer 2
Name of the farmer Mohd. Hasmat Ali
Father’s Name Hasan Ali
Age 60 y
Education B.A.
Caste OBC
Income 86,741
Land Area 2 Acre

Farmer 3
Name of the farmer Ishwar Deen
Father’s Name Jagan
Age 50 y
Education 5th
Caste SC
Income 1,56,632
Land Area 1.36 ha
Farmer 4
Name of the farmer Rama Shankar
Father’s Name Jagan
Age 45 y
Education Highschool
Caste SC
Income 1,57,175
Land Area 3.8 Acre

Farmer 5
Name of the farmer SaratChandra Mishra
Father’s Name Mulchandra Mishra
Age 60 y
Education 5th
Caste General
Income 1,73,617
Land Area 5.4 Acre

 We organized a Kisan Goshthi at Primary SchoolVillage Katiya on 10 Dec
2021. A total of 35 participants including we, village farmers and two KVK
scientist Dr ShailendraSingh scientist agricultureextension, Dr Shishir Kant
Singh scientistagronomy wereparticipated.
 Dr ShailendraSingh sensitized to farmers aboutthe high value off season
crop and economic benefits resulting fromthem.
 Dr Shishir Kant Singh awareto farmer about oil crops and also tell us that
how we can increase oil content in oil crops. And also talks about the
benefits of inter-cropping in various crops.

Name and Topic of the student that they discuss
during Kisan Goshthi:
Name of Student
 DeependraGupta
 Dipak Kumar
 Amarjeet Singh
 Sivakant Mishra
 Shivakant
 Satyaprakash Mishra
Topics
- General problems of the farmers
- Bio-fertilizer
- Menthacrop
- Organic farming
- Vermicompost
- Organic fertilizer
RAWE completion:
 We have completed my RAWE programon 23 Dec 2021.
 We receive RAWE competition certificate at KrishiVigyan Kendra-II Katiya,
Sitapur, UP by HonourableChief GuestMLA Biswan Mr Mahendra Singh
Yadav.
 On this occasion head scientist Dr Daya Shankar Srivastava motivated us
with their precious words and wished us a brightfuture.

Fig. Got competition certificate by honourable MLA Biswan.
Fig. With Shailendra Sir and my group.

Industrial Attachment

 The Agricultural Agro-Industrial AttachmentProgramunder STUDENTS
READY is newly been introduced in the 7th semester under the course
curriculum as per the 5th DEAN’S Committee. We are allotted to work in
The SeksariaBiswan Sugar Factory Ltd. District Sitapur Uttar Pradesh.
Industry Profile:
 Factory Name
 Post Office
 Operational Status
 Plant Name
 Code
 Factory Nature
 Nearest Railway Station
- The Seksaria Biswan Sugar
Factory Ltd.
- Biswan, Uttar Pradesh
- Working
- Biswan
- 08601
- Private
- Biswan 0.5 Km
 Biswan Sugar industry is a sugar industry of THE SEKSARIA GROUP, THE
SEKSARIA BISWAN SUGAR FACTORYLIMITED founded in 1933, It is having
one Sugar Units in Uttar Pradesh. Mr. RameshChandra Singhal, Director &
CEO: Dr. Anoop Kumar, General Manager Of cane; and Dr. Rajeev Singh
Asst. General Manager of cane at THE SEKSARIA BISWANSUGARFACTORY
LTD. It is one of the fast-growing sugar businesses. Itis one of the largest
Sugars producing industry in Uttar Pradesh. In 1946-47 it’s crushed 9.6 Lac
quintals of sugarcaneand last year that is 2020-21its crushed 160.38 lac
quintal of sugarcane. THE SEKSARIA Sugar is Certified for ISO 9001, ISO
14001, & ISO 22000.
 The power generating capacity of THE SEKSARIA BISWANSUGARLTD Sugar
is 37 MW.

 The Seksaria Biswan Sugar Factory Limited is a Public incorporated on 21
January 1939. Itis classified as non-govt company and is registered at
Registrar of Companies, Mumbai.
 Directors of The Seksaria Biswan Sugar Factory Limited are Vinay Kailash
Chandra Seksaria, Vivek KailashSeksaria, PurshottamChhatalal
Tibrewala, Hemant Kumar Ruia, Kailash Chandra KesardeoSeksaria,
RameshChandra Singhal, Prakashchandra Shubhkaran Seksaria, Geeta
Seksaria, Yashasvi Vivek Seksaria.
 Its CorporateIdentification Number is (CIN) U40102MH1939PLC002892 and
its registration number is 2892.Its Emailaddress is sugar@seksaria.in

Fig. With my group at The Seksaria Sugar Factory Ltd. Biswan, Sitapur
Visit to Sugar Factory:

A Sugar Factory Process:
In a sugar factory white crystalsugar is made fromsugarcane. The sugar content
in the cane is called pol. Generally, pol in sugarcaneremains between 12-14%.We
can’t recover the total sugar content. These are always having somelosses. Some
sugar goes in bagasseand somein molasses and there are some unknown losses.
So, recovery of sugar comes between 8-11%. Besides whitecrystalsugar we get
some by products such as molasses, bagasse, and press mud etc. fromsugar.
Various processes taking place in sugar factory –Sugarcaneis purchased from
farmers. Itmustbe mature, fresh, clean and free of diseases. Itis broughtby the
means of trolley, carts and trucks. Caneis directly unloaded in cane carrier by
cane unloaders.

1.Cane Carrier:
Itis a large state which conveys the cane fromunloading point to the fiberizer. It
consists of horizontalan inclined portion. The horizontalportion is kept below the
ground level for convenient of unloading of cane. The inclined portion of carrier
elevates the cane to a sufficientheight for delivery into the fiberizer. Cane carrier
moves very slow with the help of reduction gears, gearbox and motor. Generally,
the speed of cane carrier is kept equal to speed of moll rollers i.e., 15 to 16
meters/minute.
2.Cane Unloader:
Itconsists of two jaws with the help of those it takes 2 to 3 tons of cane in one
bite fromtruck and drop it into the carrier. The capacity of one unloader is 5 ton
per bite.
3.Cane Preparation:
Cane preparation means breaking up the cell structureof the cane as completely
as possible with the help of knives and fiberizer (hammers).
Preparation of cane has two main objectives.
A. To increase the capacity by increasing bulk density.
B. To assistextraction of mills by breaking down the structureof the cane. It
has following units.
4.Kicker:
Purposeof kicker is to level off thick spots on the carrier feed. Rotating knives
fixed radically on a softacross the carrier is called kicker. Ithas thirty knives
running at 110 rpm. Clearance between knives tip and carrier is kept at 20 inches.
5.Equalizer or cutter:

Ithas same design as kicker but it has 60 knives and running at 600 rpm. The
purposeof knife is to cut the cane into small pieces.
6.Fiberizer:
Ithas designed to complete the preparation of cane by tearing or fiberizing it into
finer pieces rather than by cutting. Itconsists of rotating hammers fixed radially
on a shaft. Hammer may be swinging type or fixed type. The cane coming
between the hammers and anvil plate is being teared off. The prepared cane from
fibrizer is taken to the milling station by drag carrier.
7.Millingstation:
Itconsists of four sets of mills in each mill there are four rollers i.e., under feeder,
feed roller, dischargeroller and top roller. Prepared cane is feed to mill through
Donnelly chute and under feeder. Donnelly chute and centre feeder are used as
pressurefeeder. Prepared cane is feed to mill by force due to gravity. Juice is
extracted twice in each mill by compression, wholemoistureof bagassecan’tbe
removed by two compressions so a greater number of mills (herefour) are used.
Water is added beforethe last mill to dilutes the juice. The process of diluting the
juice in bagasseby spraying water is called imbibition.
Itis two types:
(A) Simple imbibition
(B) Compound imbibition.
In simple imbibition water is added after each mill.
In compound imbibition water is added only before last mill and juice coming out
of last mill is used as imbibition on the preceding mill. Juice fromthird collected
and pumped to D.S.M. Screen for screening the juice. At D.S.M. Screen it is
filtered and sent to weighing station.

8.Boiler station:
At boiler station generally water tube boilers are used bagassecoming out of last
mill is feed in furnace water flows inside the tube and fuel gasses around the
tubes. Water inside the tube gets heated and converted into steam. This steam is
used for running turbines at mill house, power houseand exhauststeam is
utilized for juice heating and boiling in boiling house.
9.Power House:
Turbo alternating sets are installed wheresteam is feed to turbine which rotate in
high speed (7000 rpm) turbineis connected with alternator and thus electricity is
generated. This electricity is used in factory for running motors and other
equipment’s and supply power to colony.
10. Processingof juice:
Juice coming out of D.S.M. screen is sent to weighment tank whereit weighed
automatically and discharged a fixed weight of juice at each tip. The weighing
tank is suspended froma beam which is counter poised so, that value closes
wherethe tank reaches a predetermined weight. Itis discharged and cranked
beam is arranged. So that the tank is emptied the value closes and it tips back to
its original position. Each tip is recorded.
11. Clarification process:
The purposeof clarification process is to remove impurities from juice a much as
possible. The juice contains considerableamount of colloidal and fine suspended
matter. These colloidal and suspended matter areremoved in clarification process
up to certain extent.
Objectiveof clarification-
a) change in pH
b) coagulation of some colloids

c) formation of insoluble calcium
sulphates compound.
12. Raw juice heating:
Juice after weighment is sent to heaters where it is heated up to 70°C. Juice
heater is shell and tube type. Itconsists of steel/copper tubes of size45mmoD
and 4-meter length into which juice flows and gets the desired temperature.
Vapor/exhauststeam surrounds thetube which gives of its latent heat of juice
and get condensed.
13. Juice sulphitation:
After heating of raw juice, it sent to juice sulphitor. In juicesulphitor milk of lime
& SO2 gas are mixed for removalof impurities presentin cane juice. The outlet pH
of sulphited juice is maintained about 7.0 After the sulphitation juice is sent to
sulphited juice heater where juice is heated up to 103°Cand sent to juice clarifier.
14. Juice clarifier:
Heated sulphited juice to the juice clarifier for removal of impurities by setting the
muddy juice fromclarifier sent to filtration station and decanted juice called clear
juice sent to evaporation station after heating up to 107°Cin clear juice heater.
15. Filter Station:
The muddy juice coming out from clarifier is sent to rotatory vacuum filter mixing
of bagacillo. The juices coming out from rotatory vacuumfilter are being return to
mixed juice. The filter cake coming out fromfilter is by-product, containing about
2% sugar is being sent to distillery for bio-composting.
16. Evaporator station:
The clear juice coming from clear juice heater is processed across evaporator
wherewater contents are being separated by evaporation by using exhauststeam
fromprime movers. The hot water coming out fromevaporator is being used at

steam generating plant and for processing. The thick mass coming out from
evaporator called syrup of brix 60 is sent to the syrup sulphitation unit.
17. Syrup sulphitor:
Syrup coming out from evaporator is passed through syrup sulphitor, whereSo2
gas is mixed for removalof impurities. The sulphatic syrup is sent to pan station.
Panstation:
18. A pan boiling:
Sulphited syrup is used for A-pan boiling syrup with melt and AL are being boiled
in batch type pan under vacuum at a temperature of 62°C wherefeed materials
are further thickened called A-massecuite. Itcontains liquor and crystalboth. A-
massecuite sentfor curing in recycling machine through crystallizer. The liquor
comes out fromrecycling machine called molasses which are AL & AH. These.
Molasses is sent back to pan station for further pan boiling.
19. B pan boiling:
The AH molasses is used for B-pan boiling. In B- pan boiling CL molasses is also
used B- Boiling is done in continuous pan, whereagain materials are thickened,
called B massecuite. B- massecuite is sent for curing in continuous machine called
B – foreworker machine after retention in crystallizer. Themolasses comes out
fromB- fore worker machineis called BH- molasses, which is sent back to pan
station for C pan boiling.
20. C Pan Boiling:
The BH molasses is used for C pan boiling. The molasses is further thickened in
continuous pan, called C-massecuitethe C-massecuiteis sent to continuous
machine after retaining in crystallizer, called c-foreworker machinefor separation
of molasses and sugar. The exhaustmolasses is called final molasses, which is sent

for storagein big tanks called final molasses storagetank. Final molasses is bye-
productand is used in distillery for production of alcohols. i.e., Ethanol, methanol
etc.
21. CuringStation:
The A massecuite received fromA- pan cured in recycling machine Where A-
sugar and molasses are separated out Molasses separated called AL & AH. The A-
sugar coming from centrifugalis being graded in graders after cooling and
conveying. The graded sugar defined as M-31, S-31 & L-31, is weight & packed
and conveyed to sugar go-downs.
The B massecuiteafter retaining in crystallizers is being cured in centrifugal
Continuously, wheremolasses and sugar are separated out. B- sugar after melting
in Melter sent to pan floor for A-massecuiteboiling and BH molasses sentto pan
floor for C massecuiteboiling.
The C-massecuite coming out fromc crystallizer arecured in continuous C-fore
machine where molasses coming out formcentrifugal is bye – productis sent to
the storagetank. The sugar coming out fromcentrifugal is again cured in
continuous C- after machine. The molasses coming out, CL is sent to pan floor for
B & C- massecuite boiling. The sugar coming out formmachine after melting, is
sent to pan A – massecuiteboiling.
22. Packinghouse:
The sugar coming out formA centrifugal machine are being cooled, dried and
conveyed through sugar hoppers to sugar grader, wheress wirenetting are
felted. Sugar is sieved as per crystal size, graded as L, M & S and quality sugar
color as 30 & 31. The graded sugar weightautomatically in sugar weigher and
packed in jute and pp. Bags in 100kg & 50kg packing. The packed sugar conveyed
to sugar go downs whereit has been stored as per gradeand quality & dispatched
as per sell of sugar quota.

Sugarcane composition:
Fibre - 15%
Juice – 85% (sugar 13%, molasses5%, pressmud1%, water66%)
Losses –2.10% (bagasse0.47%, press mud 0.08%, molasses 1.45%,
undetermined: leakage, eating, dust 0.10%)

Visit to the Seksaria Cane FarmManpur:
 Mr. Pramod Tomar Ji tells us about the use of organic fertilizers in
sugarcanecrop and also shows us the whole process of preparing organic
fertilizers like Jeevamrit, Beejamrit, Waste Decomposer and Trichoderma.

 He takes us for a visit to fields and showed us all the sugarcanevarieties
and trail varieties of sugarcanethat are sown in field and given to the
farmers after successfultrails.
 He also tells us about inter-cropping in sugarcaneand its benefits.
 He also tells us about all the methods of sowing sugarcanecrop.
The class room programmehelped us a lot we have gained too much knowledge.
 This RAWE programmereally helps us to know aboutreal practical field
problem and village situation. The knowledgeand skill of both our and
farmers developed
 Our theoretical knowledgeconverts in to vastpractical knowledge which
will mostly help us in futurein this sector.
 We were very much acquainted with the village condition, their tradition
aur culture, so hopefully we will not face any kind of problem in future
experiences.
 Last but not the least, the villagers are loving towards us and also very
supportiveand cooperative. special thanks to all my involved teachers and
groupmates for achieving this kind of experiences.

Thank you
A reportby- Deependra Gupta

😊😊

Report on RAWE and Agro-industrial attachment 2022

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Report on RAWE and Agro-industrial attachment 2022