A look at Native/Indigenous population in the area that became the United States.

1. Native Americans
Colonial Era relationships

4. Things don’t go well
Early relationships

5. Pocahontas story
Disney: Another view: http:
//www.history.
com/topics/native-
american-
history/pocahontas

6. Early Wars 1620-30s
Tidewater Wars-VA
colonists vs.
Powhatans.
Bacon’s Rebellion;
Powhatans placed on
reservations-lost all
lands.
Pequot War-MA
colonists vs Pequots
Other NA tribes ally
vs. Pequots
Pequots not killed
enslaved and shipped
to Bermuda.

7. King Philip’s War 1675-76
● Metacom-Leader of Wampanoags, angered by Puritan
conversions of his people
● Tries to forge NA alliance of all NE tribes.
● New England colonists fight back
● 7 out of 8 Natives in New England were killed (6 out of
13 colonists also died)
● Metacom was killed- drawn and quartered and his head
put on display outside Plymouth.
● Braintree High’s mascot: “The Wamps”

8. Tuscarora War 1711-1715
● North Carolina colonists vs. Tuscarora
● Colonists keep raiding Tuscarora for slaves
● Tuscarora fight back
● NC allies with another tribe to hunt and kill
Tuscarora
● Tuscarora placed on a reservation

9. Yemassee War 1715-1717
● South Carolina colonists vs. Yemassee and
Red Stick (Ochose) Creeks.
● Yemassee and Ochose had a policy of killing
all white settlers they encountered.
● South Carolina militia organizes to fight
back.
● Yemassee driven out, join the Seminoles in
Florida.

10. Mid to late 1700s
Native Americans mostly removed/pacified
along the coast inland to the Appalachian
Mountains

11. We have French vs. British fighting
● Both sides have colonists, but not many
● Both sides have soldiers, but not many
● Both sides have Native American tribes in
“their” territories.
● Native American tribes get involved as allies
on both sides
○ Now why would they do that?

13. Three approaches to these alliances
French
● Trading partners
● Military allies
British
● Savages
● Useful, but not
needed
Native
● Supplies of
weapons
● Source of wealth
● Source of captives
● Way to keep
settlers from their
lands

14. Native Americans take sides
French
● Wabanaki Confederacy,
Algonquin tribes,
Abenaki, Míkmaq,
Mohawk, Lenape,
Ojibwa, Ottawa,
Shawnee, and Wyando
tribes
British-Colonists
● the Iroquois
Confederacy,
Onondaga, Oneida,
Seneca, Tuscarora,
Mohawk, Cayuga,
Catawba and Cherokee
tribes

15. War
● Over control of the Ohio River Valley region
● 1754 Britain sends Lt. George Washington
and some soldiers to tell the French to get
out. He loses.
● 1756 war is declared. Britain lures away
French allies, and France retreats into
Canada where it loses to the British-
Colonial-Native alliance.

16. War
● Fighting is brutal--lots of nastiness all around
● Colonists think they need to get together
about this.
● 8 colonies sent representatives to meet in
Albany to try and form some kind of union to
coordinate their soldiers.
○ Fail.
○ But Ben Franklin makes a cool cartoon...

18. Aftermath
● France, Britain and Spain send
representatives to negotiate the Treaty of
Paris. (Notice who is not included…)
● North America is re-partitioned and France is
out. Britain gains Florida and some islands
and Northern Canada. Spain gets the
Louisiana Territory.

19. French and Indian War

20. Aftermath cont.
● Britain has a massive debt problem
○ Taxes on the colonies are going up
● Britain is a wee bit paranoid about their
colonies
● Britain decides to keep lots of soldiers in
North America.
○ Colonists have to feed, clothe and house them

21. Native Americans post war
● Ohio Native Americans sign a separate
treaty with Britain
○ They had been hoping France would win, because
they thought it would be easier to beat France down
the road.
● The treaty calls for Britain to give up Ohio
and prevent settlement there.
○ Britain went back on its word.