3. EBEPの背景
EBM/EBAの教育政策への応用:EBEP
• US: 教育省教育科学研究所 What Works Clearinghouse
• UK: ロンドン大学教育研究所 (IOE) Evidence for Policy and
Practice Information and Coordinating Centre, or the EPPI-Centre
医療の枠組み転用をめぐるジレンマ
• 教育哲学者らは懐疑的 (Bridges et al. 2009)
• 「エビデンスによる教育予算の傾斜配分」
• 応用言語学者も懐疑的(Mitchell, 2000; Pachler, 2003)
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Bridges, D., Smeyers, P. & Smith, R., (ed.). (2009). Evidence-based education policy: What
evidence? What basis? Whose Policy?. John Wiley & Sons.
Mitchell, R. 2000. ‘Applied linguistics and evidence-based classroom practice: The case of
foreign language grammar pedagogy,’ Applied Linguistics 21/3: 281–303.
Pachler, N. 2003. ‘Foreign language teaching as an evidence-based profession?’ The Language
Learning Journal 27/1: 4–14.
7. 7
Allen (2001)
Brown (2002)
Clark (2003)
Davis (2004)Evans (2005)
Fisher (2006)
Garcia (2007)
Harris (2008)
Allen et al. (2011)
Brown et al. (2012)
Clark et al. (2013) Allen (2001)
Brown (2002)
Clark (2003)
Davis (2004)
Evans (2005)
Fisher (2006)
Garcia (2007)
Harris (2008)
Allen et al. (2011)
Brown et al. (2012)
Clark et al. (2013)
研究者はみんな頑張ってる
みんなちがってみんないい
みんな頑張ってるのはわかるが
いいものはいい(優)
ダメなものはダメ(劣)
8. 2011 OCEBM levels of evidence
How common is the
problem?
Does this intervention
help? (Treatment benefits)
Lv. 1 (top) Local and current random
sample surveys (or censuses)
Systematic review of randomised
trials or n-of-1 trials
Lv. 2 Systematic review of surveys
that allow matching to local
circumstances
Randomised trial or observational
study with dramatic effect
Lv. 3 Local non-random sample Non-randomised controlled
cohort/follow-up study
Lv. 4 Case-series Case-series, case-control studies,
or historically controlled studies
Lv. 5 (bottom) n/a Mechanism-based reasoning
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