Site Preparation Works

1. EXCAVATION WORKS
Tantish Kamaruddin
UTM Skudai
Adapted from Rosli Abdul Rashid

2. SECTION D:
EXCAVATION AND
EARTHWORKS
G E N E R A L L Y

3. GENERALLY
D.I Soil description
Particulars of the following shall be given:
a. Ground water level and the date when it was established,
hereinafter described as the pre-contract water level.
The ground water level shall be re-established at the time the
various excavation works are earned out and is described
hereinafter as the post contract water level.
Where ground water levels are subject to periodic changes due
to tidal or similar effects they shall be so described and the
average of the mean high and low levels given.
SECTION ‘D’ - EXCAVATION AND EARTHWORKS

4. GENERALLY
D.1 Soil description (Cont’d)
b. Trial pits or bore holes stating their location.
c Over or underground services.
If the above information is not available a description of the
ground and strata which is to be assumed shall be stated.
SECTION ‘D’ - EXCAVATION AND EARTHWORKS

5. WATER TABLE
Ground water level
Ground level
Clause D1.a - Ground water level and the date when it was
established, hereinafter described as the pre-contract water level.

6. Ground level
TRIAL PIT BORE HOLE
Clause D1.1. b. - Trial pits or bore holes stating their location.

7. Trial pit
: Shallow excavation
Depth Excavation Method
0 -2m By Hand
2-4m Wheeled Back Hoe
4-6m Hydraulic Excavator

9. Project Element/Trade Slip No
Heading
Description: Unit
Quantity
Taker Off
Squaring
Chk. Squaring
Rate
The pre-contract ground water level is 3.50m below ground
level. It was established on 25th May 2003.
There are 2 Nos. Trial pits located next to the entrance of
the site. See Drawings No. ADE/04/235/S/01 for the
location of underground and overhead services
Bill 1 – Excavation & Earthworks 1
Particulars that must be given

10. Ground level
SEWER
ELECTRICAL
CABLE
OVERHEAD
TELEPHONE CABLE
Clause D1.1.c - Over or underground services.

11. Project Element/Trade Slip No
Heading
Description: Unit
Quantity
Taker Off
Squaring
Chk. Squaring
Rate
The pre-contract ground water level is 3.50m below ground
level. It was established on 25th May 2003.
There are 2 Nos. Trial pits located next to the entrance of
the site. See Drawings No. ADE/04/235/S/01 for the
location of underground and overhead services
Bill 1 – Excavation & Earthworks 2
These are particulars that must be given in the
description box

12. SECTIOND - EXCAVATION AND EARTHWORKS
SITE PREPARATION
WORKS

13. SITE PLAN
TRIAL PIT 2
BORE HOLE
TRIAL PIT 1
TRIAL PIT 3
EXISTING
SEWER
Dwg.No. ADE/04/235/S/01
Lot 2185
TT1
TT2
TT3
T1
T4
T3
T2
Notes:
Trees to be removed
T1 – 450mm girth
T2 – 270mm girth
T3 – 770mm girth
T4 – 950mm girth
Tree Trunk to be removed
TT1 – 500mm girth
TT2 – 650mm girth
TT3 – 250mm girth

14. HEDGES
HEDGES
Clause D.2 - Removing hedges
Cutting down hedges and grubbing up their roots, which shall be deemed
to include their disposal, shall be given in METRES stating the nature and
height of each hedge or its location.

15. Hedges

16. Project Element/Trade Slip No
Heading
Description: Unit
Quantity
Taker Off
Squaring
Chk. Squaring
Rate
Cutting down bamboo hedges approximately
900mm high x 400mm wide at the entrance of the of
the site
Bill 1 – Exc. & Earthworks 3
m
2.10
------
4.30
-------
3.25
-------
TK
Clause D2

17. Clause D.3 Clearing undergrowth
Clearing site of undergrowth, bushes, scrub and the like and grubbing up their
roots, which shall be deemed to include their disposal, shall be given in square
metres.

18. Clause D.3 Clearing undergrowth
Clearing site of undergrowth, bushes, scrub and the like and grubbing up their
roots, which shall be deemed to include their disposal, shall be given in square
metres.

19. Undergrowth, bushes, shrubs

20. Clause D.3 Clearing undergrowth

21. Project Element/Trade Slip No
Heading
Description: Unit
Quantity
Taker Off
Squaring
Chk. Squaring
Rate
Clearing site of undergrowth, bushes, scrub and the
like and grubbing up their roots including its
disposal.
Bill 1 – Exc. & Earthworks 4
7.25
6.50
------
7.10
9.85
------
69.94
-------
47.13
117.07
-------
117
m2
TK
Clause D3

22. Girth
Ground level
1.00 m
Clause D.4 Removing trees
Cutting down trees and grubbing up
their roots, which shall be deemed
to include their disposal, shall be
enumerated and classified in stages
of 300mm girth (measured at
height of 1.00m above ground).
Filling in voids, if required, after
removal of tree roots shall be given
in the description.

23. Project Element/Trade Slip No
Heading
Description: Unit
Quantity
Taker Off
Squaring
Chk. Squaring
Rate
Not exceeding 300mm girth
Bill 1 – Exc. & Earthworks 5
No.
4
------
3
2 4
------
8
-------
12
20
-------
20
Cutting down trees and grubbing up their roots
TK
Clause D4

24. Project Element/Trade Slip No
Heading
Description: Unit
Quantity
Taker Off
Squaring
Chk. Squaring
Rate
Exceeding 300mm but not exceeding 600mm girth
Bill 1 – Exc. & Earthworks 6
No.
4
------
2 4
------
8
---------
4
12
---------
12
Cutting down trees and grubbing up their roots
TK

25. Girth
TREE STUMP
Ground level
1.00m
Clause D.5 Tree stumps
Removing existing tree stumps and
grubbing up their roots which shall
be deemed to Include their disposal,
shall be enumerated and classified
in stages of 300mm girth measured
at height of 1.00m above ground or
at their tops if lower in height). Filling
in voids, if required, after removal of
tree roots shall be given in the
description.

26. Tree Stump & Removing Roots

27. Project Element/Trade Slip No
Heading
Description: Unit
Quantity
Taker Off
Squaring
Chk. Squaring
Rate
Exceeding 300mm but not exceeding 600mm girth
Bill 1 – Exc. & Earthworks 7
No.
2
------
3
2 2
------ 4
-------
6
10
-------
10
Removing existing tree stumps and grubbing up their roots
TK
Clause D5

28. D6 Lifting turf
Lifting turf which is required to be preserved shall be given in SQUARE
METRES stating the method of preservation and disposal.

29. * D6 Lifting turf
Lifting turf which is required to be preserved shall be given in SQUARE
METRES stating the method of preservation and disposal.

30. TURF
EARTH/GROUND
CROSS SECTION OF THE TURF AND GROUND
REDUCED LEVEL
D6 Lifting turf
Lifting turf which is required to be preserved shall be given in square
metres stating the method of preservation and disposal.

31. TURF
EARTH/GROUND
CROSS SECTION OF THE TURF AND GROUND
REDUCED LEVEL
*D6 Lifting turf
Lifting turf which is required to be preserved shall be given in square
metres stating the method of preservation and disposal.

33. Project Element/Trade Slip No
Heading
Description: Unit
Quantity
Taker Off
Squaring
Chk. Squaring
Rate
Lifting turf, set aside and preserve by stacking
under shade, for re-use
Bill 1 – Exc. & Earthworks 8
m2
3.25
4.50
------
2
2 4.10
3.85
------
31.57
-------
29.25
60.82
------
61
TK
Clause D6

34. CLAUSED7–Excavationfortopvegetablesoil

35. TOP VEGETABLE SOIL
150mm thick
EARTH/GROUND
CROSS SECTION OF THE VEGETABLE SOIL
D.7 Topsoil
Excavating topsoil which is required to be preserved shall be given in
SQUARE METRES slating the average depth. Handling and disposal of
topsoil shall be given in accordance with clauses D1. 7-22.

36. TOP VEGETABLE SOIL
150mm thick
EARTH/GROUND
CROSS SECTION OF THE VEGETABLE SOIL
*D.7 Topsoil
Excavating topsoil which is required to be preserved shall be given in
SQUARE METRES slating the average depth. Handling and disposal of
topsoil shall be given in accordance with clauses D1.7-22.

37. Project Element/Trade Slip No
Heading
Description: Unit
Quantity
Taker Off
Squaring
Chk. Squaring
Rate
Excavating top vegetable soil average 150mm deep
set aside, preserve for-reuse within the site
Bill 1 – Exc. & Earthworks 9
m2
4.25
5.20
------
2 6.10
4.80
------
58.56
-------
22.10
80.66
-------
81
TK
Terrace House
Clause D7

38. D.8 Alternative method of measurement
Cutting down trees and removing tree
stumps (irrespective of girth) and grubbing
up their roots, which shall be deemed to
include their disposal, may be given as an
item stating the area.
Clearing of undergrowth within
such areas and grubbing up
their roots shall be given in the
description.

39. • 1st you excavate including taking out the earth and putting the
excavated materials aside
• 2nd you fill back – putting back the excavated material or the
earth into the excavation i.e. pits, holes or trenches
• Finally, you dispose – removing the extra excavated materials
to a location within the site or away from the site
EXCAVATION, FILLING AND DISPOSAL
The next several slides will show you the various items associated with
EXCAVATION, FILLING and DISPOSAL
Excavation or “gali, korek” involves the following operations:

40. The main aim of the clauses related to EXCAVATION, FILLING and DISPOSAL is to
provide a guideline how you measure, calculate and quantify the:
• The quantity or volume of earth that has
to be taken out from the pit or trench
• The quantity or volume of earth that has to
be returned to fill up the pit or trench;
• The extra quantity or volume of earth that
has to be remove within the site or away
from the excavation.
The method of measurement and quantification of
excavation, filling and disposal are described under
different sub-clause of section ‘D’ of the SMM2.