Analyzing Rogers Diffusion Of Innovation Theory In Nursing

Analyzing Rogers Diffusion Of Innovation Theory In Nursing
Theory is defined as "a set of interrelated relational statements about a phenomenon that is useful
for description, explanation, prediction, and prescription or control" (Walker & Avant, 2011, p. 193).
A theoretical approach of a phenomenon is constructed to answer questions and provide new
perspectives into the nature of the phenomenon, attempting to establish a model that can be applied
to different situations, and deliver a clear idea of the phenomenon, what affects it and how it may
affect what surrounds it (Walker & Avant, 2011). In healthcare, many theories from the nursing field
and other disciplines have been used to guide researchers in how to integrate findings of innumerous
investigations into education, practice, administration, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A study developed by Doyle, Garrett and Currie (2014) used Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation theory
to guide the implementation of mobile devices, as portable computing devices, personal digital
assistants, smartphones, into nursing curricula as a tool to enhance learning. Adopting the same
theory, another study integrated users' perceptions of an innovation's characteristics as a framework
to evaluate nurses' perceptions toward using a clinical decision support system and how they accept
the new technology into their routine (Lee, 2004). The study reports users' existing values and
experiences, complexity or how easy to use the technology is, and trialability of the innovation as
factors influencing the adoption and use of a clinical decision support
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What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Driverless Cars
1. Consumer Behavior Models
Consumer behavior eventually leads to the decision or choice between alternatives. In most cases it
is a decision whether to purchase, consume or use a service. The process of this decision making is
rather complex and it is influenced by, other than the price factor, the psychology of the consumers,
their socio–cultural environment & the past experiences. The consumer decision making can be
modelled as a system operating with an Input or stimuli, the actual decision making Process which
then results in a reaction or Output (Schiffman. L.G, Kanuk. L)
Inputs
Typical external influences for instance, marketing attempts, price or socio cultural factors like
family, social class, culture etc., form the inputs to the decision making process. ... Show more
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Several manufactures like Tesla, Mercedes etc., have already demonstrated their autonomous
driving technology and many other companies aim to roll out vehicles with driverless capabilities by
2020. While it's still pretty early to forecast how autonomous vehicles will impact the lives of
humans, there are some clear advantages and disadvantages of driver less cars.
According to the NHTSA (2013), driverless cars are defined as:
"Those in which operation of the vehicle occurs without direct driver input to control the steering,
acceleration, and braking and are designed so that the driver is not expected to constantly monitor
the roadway while operating in self–driving mode".
One direct inference from the definition is a significant freeing of time and efforts for the driver
which could be potentially used for other value added activities. Indirect inference would be also a
better utilization of the civil infrastructure as a result of the advanced technology. While an obvious
disadvantage would be the cost of ownership, legal issues & insurance in case of accidents. 6.1
Potential Advantages 6.1.1 Safe

Physician As Gatekeeper For The Deployment Of Telemedicine
Physician as Gatekeeper Physician engagement was identified by surveyed participants as both the
most significant enabler to increase telehealth adoption and as greatest potential barrier to be
overcome to expand telehealth services. A health care providers' decision making process to
acceptance and embrace new telehealth services is critical to improve physician engagement.
Technology acceptance describes a person's intention or voluntary adoption of a technology and
user acceptance is an important factor for successful adoption and utilization of a technology.
Whitten and Mackert have pointed out that the provider is the most important initial gatekeeper for
the deployment of telemedicine so it is critical that program managers and telemedicine advocates
develop effective engagement strategies to enable the success of a telemedicine initiative (Whitten
& Mackert, 2005). Technology Adoption Lifecycle The success of various telehealth pilots has not
scaled to large scale enterprise wide adoption across the health care ecosystem (Zanaboni et al.,
2012). In looking at technology adoption, Moore in Crossing the Chasm details five main market
segments: innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority and laggards. In order to expand
from one market segment to the next, the focus must start with innovators as a base for promoting
technology to the next group. Moore argues there is a chasm between the early adopters of the
product (visionaries) and the early majority

Technology Acceptance Model From Fishbein And Ajzen's (...
2.4. Technology Acceptance Model
This model was adopted from Fishbein and Ajzen's (1975) work that distinguished the attitude
toward an object (Ao) and the attitude toward using an object (Ab). Ao is defined as an individual
assessment of a certain attitude object while Ab is define as a personal evaluation to the action of
using a particular attitude object. The model was introduced by Davis (1989) to assess the
acceptance from employees toward electronic mail (e–mail) over typewriter. The e–mail was a new
technology at the time that serve to substitute the conventional typewriter. He found that this the
acceptance was led by perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) of the
technology. Perceived usefulness means level of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This means that if a person believes that the new system is useful, then her/his attitude towards
using new will be increased.
Perceived Ease of Use
Perceived ease of use in Technology Acceptance Model means users' perception of the difficulty
level of using the new technology or system. It was proven by Davis (1989) that the easier the
system was perceived by the users, then the more likely the users' attitude towards the new system
to be positive.
Attitude toward Using
This construct could be define as the users' reaction toward the implementation of the new
technology or system to change the conventional ways to acquire results. With his research in 1989,
Davis has verified that users' attitude towards the new system or technology was related positively
to their perceived usefulness and ease of use of that system.
2.5. Technology Acceptance Model 2
To further develop the model, Venkatesh & Davis (2000) added new constructs that came from
social environment and rational process. They believed that these constructs will be able to explain
causal relationship of the model. The new constructs in Technology Acceptance Model 2 are:
Subjective Norm
This construct originated from Fishbein and Ajzen's Theory of Reasoned Action (1975) as one of
their direct factors of behavioural intention. They believed that this construct able to make people
perform behaviours that they do not enjoy because suggestions from people that are important to
them.
In

Cloud Computing : The Technology Acceptance Model ( Tam )...
Abstract Cloud computing has over the time changed and taken varied forms. As a result, adopted
by most elites in its varied form. This paper aims to evaluate if cloud computing technology easily
meets the Technology Acceptance model (TAM) Theory when accessed from a residential / home
environments. Keywords Technology Acceptance Model, Cloud Computing, Perceived Ease of Use,
Perceived Usefulness, Attitude, Behavioral Intention Introduction Varied technology has over years
revolutionized the way systems and services over computer platforms are provided. Organizations
are now running operations with quarter the initial ICT setup costs as a result of this new
technologies. Lives have been made easier with adoption of the same in our homesteads. Cloud
computing is best described as the delivery of computing services on the internet platform. This
particular technology has allowed households to use hardware and softwares as services off remote
sites managed by third parties. Its model makes provision for ease in access of resources from
anywhere with access to network connection. Cloud computing makes provision for a shared pool
of resources such as space for data storage and platforms for user and corporate applications
amongst others. In brief, Cloud computing uses virtualization to make provision of on demand
computing resources over networks. Types of

TRA Model Of Behavior Analysis
Ajazen and Fishbein (1975) introduced the TRA model. Attitudinal, social influence and intention
variables are the components that predict human comportment. The speculation assumes that the
intention to perform a behaviour might be higher when the person has optimistic analysis of
performing the behavior (Ajzen, 1991). It is figured out by the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA)
that the individual to perform a behavior is postulated by two determinants of intention called
Attitude toward performing the Behavior (ATB) and Subjective Norm (SN) which is the the overall
percerption of what others think should and should not do.
The importance of Attitude toward performing the Behavior (ATB) and Subjective Norm predict
Behavioral Intention (BI) will vary by behavioral domain, that is for the behaviors in which
attitudinal or personal– based influence stronger. ATB will be the dominant predictor of BI and SN
will be of little or no predictive efficacy while for behaviors in which normative implications are
strong, SN should be the dominant predictor of BI and ATB will of less importance. TRA also
figures out that Behavior Intention (BI) is the only antecedent of Actual Behavior (AB). BI is
expected to predict AB accurately (Ajazen and Fishbein, 1980).
2.8.2 Theory of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This extended model is known as the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Here also BI is the main
component in the prediction of actual behavior and human beings are basically rational and make
systematic use of information available to them when making decisions. In TPB, Perceived
Behavioral Control (PBC) has been added as the determinants of BI, as well as control beliefs that
affect the perceived behavioral control. Though it may be difficult to assess actual control before
behavior. TPB asserts that it is possible to measure

Pre Contemplation And Contemplation Stages
In the context of the Stages of Change theory, for a community to fully embrace a new technology
its members must recognize the benefits of the change that technology brings. For this study, the
understanding (Pre–contemplation and contemplation stages) is developed through communication
to the community about the technology through workshops and through the promotora community
outreach model. In Westwood, cognizance is developed through a two tiered plan. The first
component is encouraging awareness for the problems the community faces through the directed
questions during appraisal. This step necessitates participants to articulate what they see as problems
within their community which encourages thought and pre–conception. This step relies on
developing cognition and an evaluative process. The second component involves infusing awareness
of the benefit of the technology into the community through distributed literature, presentations,
promotora outreach and loaner demonstration units given to volunteer households. The preparation
for this study is originated through planned community workshops where the community will be
trained how to construct and use the technology effectively. Action will occur when community
members begin to construct and install their own devices. Maintenance in the context of this study
will be represented by the community's protraction of use indicated by the heaters being re–used for
a second winter season. The Stages of Change model is a

Disadvantages Of Normative Beliefs
6.2 Potential Disadvantages 6.2.1 Legal issues and Insurance The decreased number of crashes and
therefore the claims thereof will possibly lead to a general reduction in insurance premiums. This
would encourage auto makers to incorporate more sophisticated autonomous systems in their cars.
However, the product liability increases on the manufacturers' end would lead to delays in adoption
of the technology (James M. Anderson, Kalra et al 2016; KPMG & CAR, 2012). This might in turn
force the manufacturers to offer the vehicle as a service rather than a product. In addition, a legal
framework for autonomous transport for insurance and liability has to be established (Kelly & CNN,
2014). 6.2.2 Customer Acceptance The consumer willingness to pay would depend on the level of
freedom they are able to exercise in an autonomous vehicle ... Show more content on
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Included here are also the individuals' perception about the cost and safety of an autonomous
driving system Table 7–1: Research Model Constructs and Source Behavioral Beliefs address those
beliefs that the individual holds about one's image in the society, namely social status, quality of life
or value of time. While Normative Beliefs are indirect measure of Subjective Norm. Normative
Beliefs are evaluated together with a motivation to comply. For example, how much an individual
wish to do what his family or friends want him or her to do. TAM2/UTAUT Constructs Originally
proposed by Venkatesh et.al, the TAM2 constructs, namely Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of
Use, Age, Gender (together with Subjective Norm) help to predict an individual's Attitude towards
the Behavior, in this case the use of an Autonomous

Reflection Paper On Travel Pack
Introduction: Throughout the semester, the focus of the project was to use design processes to create
possibilities for technology to be used in active communities. Travel pack is an app that aims to
bring travellers together by showing users, events, attractions and Wi–Fi spots. In this reflective
essay, I will be describing how the app works and the project outcomes, how groupware relates to
Travel Pack and how design aesthetics relate directly to a users trust. Throughout this essay I will
report, relate and reason, and reflect on my experiences on the project. Project Overview My team
Packed to the Rafters found that there was a struggle when travelling where people were stuck with
finding places to go or people to meet. Many backpackers go to cities they have never been to and
have problems with knowing what is happening around them or are hesitant to explore with new
people. This is why we wanted to create a social mobile and computing app that aims to bring
together travellers from around the globe so that they can explore places at ease. Travel Pack
provides users with a platform that allows them to discover various local events, Wi–Fi hotspots and
other individuals touring the area. The app itself requires users to create a profile in which they
specify their age and interests. They are then taken to the Landing page which consists of the
applications 3 main functions: 'Wi–Fi', 'Popular Attraction' and events you have create/are attending.
Users are also able

Factors That Influence The Adoption Of An Imis Essay
All the IMIS centers require enough resources to enable them to meet their own constituency
information needs especially concerning the processing, storage, and retrieval of large quantities of
information and data that may need sophisticated analysis and dissemination. It is essentialEssential
to the concept is that the centers be administered by skilled personnel who are capable of
operatingcan operate the system including running the databases and data banks.
4.13. Factors that Influence the Adoption of an IMIS
Many organizations today cannot operate effectively without adopting IMIS in their management
processes. The management information systems allow organizations to access the correct and
appropriate information and get it delivered to the right users in a time bound manner. Such
distribution of information and data is achieved through enhancing the interaction between the
generators of information and the users of the processed information in an organization. Many
system performance analysts have acknowledged that integrated management information system
has become an integral tool and play a significant role in the success of an organization. The system,
when correctly used, delivers appropriate information in a timely manner if and when required to
support decision making and management activities. One of the benefits that have been touted over
time is that the system has the potential of delivering information instantly without the need for
face–to–face

Customers' Attitude and Acceptance of Banking Products
CUSTOMERS' ATTITUDE AND ACCEPTANCE OF BANKING PRODUCTS (Special Reference
to Financial Inclusion Services) 1. INTRODUCTION Finance has come a long way since the time
when it wasn't recognized as a factor for growth and development. But recently, it is attributed as
the brain of an economic system and most economies strive to make their financial systems more
efficient. It keeps the policymakers on their toes as any problem in this sector could freeze the entire
economy and even lead to a contagion. Financial Inclusion is an emerging need in day–to–day life
which includes the all folk into the banking fold. Indian economy in general and banking services in
particular have made rapid strides in the recent past. The Financial Inclusion concept has been
introduced to entail the delivery of banking services at an affordable cost across a vast section of the
underprivileged folk to get benefit from and improve their standard of living. Financial Inclusion
also inculcates banking habits among the poor in the urban, semi–urban and rural areas to overcome
from the unorganized sector such as Money lenders etc. But the path of Financial Inclusion
continues to be extremely fearsome due to complexities with it. From the bankers' point of view, as
profit generation places a high weightage on reduction of operational costs, these results in a natural
exclusion of several sections of the society to come into the financial fold. Such financial exclusion
will eradicate and betray the

Disruptive Innovation
DARE
TO
DISRUPT!!
DARE
TO
DISRUPT!!
Theme: Means to tackle disruptive innovation
Name: Prasun Kumar Das
PGPM Participant, Batch 1114
Information Management
S. P. Jain Institute of Management & Research
Mobile – +91 7506793925
DISRUPTION – The New Age Competitive Strategy
Everything is fair in love and war; and competition in a business environment is like a cold war.
Innovation has always been the major strategy used by businesses around the world to stay
competitive. The traditional paradigm of innovation was to improve the performance of the existing
technology, thereby steeping up the performance trajectory. However, value creation for customers
may be much simpler than high performing technology. There is ... Show more content on
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They have an open mindset; instead of reacting to changes around they become the change, and
have successfully able to uplift the customer's expectations and level of acceptance. They never fall
prey of self–complacency and bring up their own brand of disruptive innovations in the market.
Innovation – SUSTAINING vs. DISRUPTIVE
For any form of innovation there are two perspectives. The product perspective gives the
performance standard of the innovated technology. The customer perspective gives an idea on how
the innovation is being perceived by the customers.
| Sustaining Innovation | Disruptive Innovation | Product Perspective | Scales up the performance of

the existing products | Radical product value proposition; underperforms current market standards |
Customer Perspective | Improvisation that mainstream customers appreciate – Competence
enhancing | Few niche customers appreciates it in the beginning |
An innovation that disrupts the market today gets into the sustaining innovation mode until they
reach up to the customer's threshold expectation. When that level is reached, any further sustaining
innovation makes it vulnerable to disruption. So, a disruptor today becomes vulnerable to disruption
in future.
Fig. 1: The graph showing shelf life of a technology in a disruption model
SUSTAINING (S)
SUSTAINING (S)
DISRUPTIVE (D)
DISRUPTIVE (D)
CUSTOMER ACCEPTANCE LEVEL
CUSTOMER ACCEPTANCE LEVEL
Performance

Planned Behavior Theory
The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is constituted of the three constructs namely Attitude,
subjective norms and perceived behavioral control and this theory has been used widely in many
domains to understand the social problems (A Conceptual Framework of Extending the Theory of
Planned Behavior : The Role of Service Quality and Trust in the Consumer Cooperatives). The areas
where TPB applies are wide ranging like online privacy protection, consumer relations, health
sector, to name a few (Predicting Facebook users' online privacy protection: Risk, Trust, Norm focus
theory, and the theory of planned behavior). TPB originated from Theory of Reasoned Action
(TRA). But TRA held some limitations like it emphasized on behavioral intentions rather than on
attitude. Therefore, a new theory TPB emerged and a new constituent was added to it "Perceived
Behavioral Control" (Technology Acceptance Model : A Literature Review). Technology
Acceptance Model (TAM) was introduced from the derivations of TRA and TPB. It reflects the
behavior of people in accepting or rejecting any technological model. In TAM, subjective norms
were removed and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this research, attitude, PBC and intention played important roles, but not subjective norms.
Rather, a new element called "level of technological awareness" was added (Applying the Theory of
Planned Behavior). The research conducted in IT field utilizes TPB to understand the relationship
between the factors that lead to unethical use of IT. (The Behavioral Roots of Information Systems
Security: Exploring Key Factors Related to Unethical IT use). The theoretical model suggested by
TPB has been used in the research to assess employees' acceptance of the information security
system (Future Research – Utilizing The Technology Acceptance Model to Assess the Employee
Adoption of Information Systems Security

The Technology Acceptance Model
Technology Acceptance Model
There have been several theoretical models employed to study user acceptance and usage behavior
of new information technologies. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) (Davis, Bagozzi, &
Warshaw, 1989; Davis, 1989) is the most widely applied model, which is adapted from the Theory
of Reasoned Action (TRA) (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980). TRA is one of the most influential models in
social psychology (Venkatesh, Morris, Davis, & Davis, 2003), and describes that behavior is
determined by the behavioral intention to perform it, which is determined by the attitude of the
person and the subjective norm (Straub, 2009). TAM (figure 1) worked further on this concept and
suggests two specific beliefs (perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness) that determine one's
behavioral intention to use technology (Davis, 1989). TAM further posits that perceived usefulness
will be influenced by perceived ease of use, since the easier a technology is to use, the more useful
it can be (Venkatesh, 2000). TAM has received extensive empirical support through validation,
applications, and replications over the years which proved TAM to be robust across time, settings,
populations, and technologies (Venkatesh, 2000). In this research we will limit ourselves to one of
the aspects proposed by the TAM: perceived ease of use. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The first version of the Technology Acceptance Model. From Davis, Bagozzi & Warshaw
(1989).User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models,
Management Science 35:

The Impact Of Technology On Technology Acceptance
Introduction
A range of studies has been conducted on instructional technology. Many findings show that
technology has a significant contribution to the improvement in teachers' competency and
instruction effectiveness. However, not all applications of technology in the classroom lead to the
desired goals. There are numerous constrains that may contribute to this. The level of technology
acceptance is one of these factors. However, what influences technology acceptance among
teachers? The article discusses a study conducted to determine the influence of gender on
technology acceptance. This article is important to my research topic. Many research studies
conducted in the past have focused on the impact of technology on the effectiveness of teaching or
student learning. Few articles have focused on factors affecting technological adoption in learning
facilities. These studies have found an improvement in learners scores on tests associated with
content covered in technology–assisted instructional packages. While the selection of suitable
technology is the initial step, employment of the technology by teachers determines its
effectiveness. The effectiveness factor of instructional technologies is often ignored. The reasoning
is that teachers may be willing to utilize technology but may be influenced by other factors besides
availability of necessary technology. The problem calls for research as educators need to proactively
take such factors into consideration when

Technology Apprehensiion
Almost daily a new information technology is introduced into our personal, professional, or
educational lives. Studying acceptance of new technologies has become a focus of industry as well
as academia. Application developers realize that lack of user acceptance of their technology can lead
to loss of money, resources, and the failure of their product. In studying this key factor of user
acceptance and use of technology, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is one of the most
cited models.TAM was developed by Fred Davis and Richard Bogazzi to explain computer
technology user decisions. The theoretical basis of the TAM model was from Fishbein and Ajzen's
Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA).
The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The correlation between use and perceived ease determines attitude and intended use, so while use
has direct impacts on attitude and use, ease influences attitude and use indirectly through use.
User acceptance is defined as "the demonstrable willingness within a user group to employ
information technology for the tasks it is designed to support" (Dillon & Morris, 1996). Their
definition focuses on planned uses of technology. Research supports that individual perceptions and
feelings toward information technologies are likely to be influenced by the objective characteristics
of technology, as well as interaction with other users. For example, the more useful an application is
deemed by the individual, the more it will be used. At the same time, individual's perceptions of the
system are often influenced by the way people around them feel about and use the system. Studies
on information technology report that user attitudes are important factors predicting the success of
the system. Many definitions of attitude have been explored regarding users and their relationship
with a technology system (Legris, 2003).
A review of scholarly research on technology acceptance of information tech systems and their
usage suggests that TAM has evolved, from TRA, as one of the most cited structures of study in this
area of research. TAM is an important theoretical construct. It has

An Analysis of Online Banking Usage Intentions: an...
AN ANALYSIS OF ONLINE BANKING USAGE INTENTIONS: AN EXTENSION OF THE
TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL By Amin, Hanudin Publication: International Journal of
Business and Society Date: Wednesday, July 1 2009 ABSTRACT Purpose – This study is aimed at
investigating the factors influencing the online banking acceptance in Kota Kinabalu, Northern
Borneo, Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach – This study applies technology acceptance model
(TAM) as the base model in to investigate the online banking acceptance. For this purpose, a linear
regression is employed to examine the factors influencing online banking acceptance. The model
employs perceived credibility, perceived enjoyment, and social norm, in addition to perceived
usefulness and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The second section reviews studies which have examined the importance of perceived ease of use in
explaining customers ' acceptance on online banking. Perceived usefulness and perceived ease of
use are the original constructs proposed by Davis (1989) in his model TAM. This model is used as a
point of reference to study the factors influencing Internet banking acceptance in Kota Kinabalu,
Northern Borneo, Malaysia. Two original constructs of TAM, perceived usefulness and perceived
ease of use, as noted earlier will be employed. The third section explains about the importance of
perceived credibility – security and privacy in assessing the customers ' plan to use online banking
in the future. The fourth section reviews the importance of perceived enjoyment that may affect the
customers ' acceptance on online banking. Finally, the last section pertains to social norm as
investigated previously by Nysveen et al. (2005); and Venkatesh and Morris (2000). Their studies
suggest the importance of social norm in explaining its effect for the technology adoption. Perceived
Usefulness (PU) Perceived usefulness is defined here as the degree to which a person believes that
using a particular system would enhance his or her job performance (Davis, 1989). Prior studies
have documented the importance of perceived usefulness in information system (IS) adoption (Chiu
et al., 2005; Cheong and Park, 2005; and

Consumer E Health Innovations And Patient Acceptance
Consumer e–Health Innovations and Patient Acceptance
Consumers need access to health information, as they are an integral part of the health relationship.
Doctors and health care workers are burdened with many obstacles when they attempt to
accommodate the needs of their patients. Consumer e–Health is a potential solution to the problems
of accessibility, quality and costs of delivering public healthcare services to patients by providing
electronic access to their medical information (Xiaojun, Ping, Jun & A.M. Spil, 2015, p. 1). This
access allows patients to participate in management and communication of their health issues,
although not all patients embrace this innovation. The theory, diffusion of innovations, refers to the
process by which a new idea, object, or practice filters through various channels in a community
over time (Sharma & Romas, 2012, p. 228). The application of diffusion of innovations theory to
consumer e–Health portrays innovation as a new idea and influences consumers into adoption of
innovation. In the article Using Diffusion of Innovation theory to Understand the Factors Impacting
Patient Acceptance and Use of Consumer E–health Innovations: A Case Study in a Primary Care
Clincic explores the application of diffusion of innovations theory to technology of e–appointments.
Diffusion of innovations theory was chosen to study the impact of patient acceptance as it, "is one of
the most popular theories for studying adoption of information technologies

The Theoretical Feasibility Of Fuzzy Sets
A B S T R A C T
Sustainable development demands that the world must move towards a more sustainable energy
future. CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) has emerged as a new advance energy technology to
facilitate this transition in addition to renewable energy. There are socio–technical uncertainties
hampering the deployment of this energy system which is very complex to model. In this paper, our
focus is on uncertainties regarding public acceptance. It is widely accepted in the literature that
people's decisions (especially those of lay stakeholders) towards CCS, are fuzzy, imprecise and
ambiguous. The literature of the field, even reports that at one point the decision is stable, and at
another it is unstable–clearly an inherent problem in the dialogue surrounding this topic and
predicting these behaviors presents a tremendous mathematical challenge. In this paper, we have
made the first attempt to explore the theoretical feasibility of fuzzy sets in modeling these socio–
technological uncertainties. Using this hard science method, we have proposed a new viewpoint that
improves, but also deviates from the existing predictive methodologies our colleagues have adopted
in modeling and predicting stakeholders' complex decision–making behaviors. Using eight key
socio–technical parameters, we have proposed a design of a novel human intelligence model based
on fuzzy logic, for predicting these complex human behaviors on CCS life cycle. The data used in
modeling the proposed system

Getting Successful Universal Ehr Is Not Just Technology...
Getting successful universal EHR is not just technology selection, implementation question it needs
to address many other aspects such as physician's acceptance, policy/laws, incentives, security, and
privacy and training issues before we can concentrate or focus on technology selection and
implementations. The ecosystem should be ready with all these critical elements addressed only
then successful EHR implementation can sustain in US. First and foremost there is a need to have
consistency around the state/federal and HIPPA regulations which defines security and privacy
issues in US. Due to conflicting requirements in these regulations mass acceptance of any medical
system/technology cannot be effectively done. Second biggest issue for universal EHR adoption is
the acceptance of EHR by physician's communities. The benefits of EHR has been identified and
acknowledged by medical communities at large however the rate of adoption and use after
implementation is sluggish. The biggest common contributor for implementation, design and use of
EHR systems is physician. Physicians should be properly trained and emphasis on continual
education should also be placed through continuing education credits. Unless small physician office
(stand–alone offices) buy–in the adoption of EHR no matter what technology and processes we have
in place, EHR won't be universally accepted and the entire benefit and value associated with EHR
can be realized with universal acceptance of EHR. Thus need for

Research: Organizational Change
Introduction There is so much information in regard to how and why organizations should change.
However, there exists little information on the issue of change (Ramanathan, 2009). The existing
definition of organizational change is insufficient. Research on peoples rational choices indicate that
change derives from perceived actions dependant with external reality, and objectives (Woodman,
Pasmore & Shani, 2009). Placing change in context claims that it is resultant from pressures of an
institutions' routines (Cameron & Green, 2009). However, both of these depict what change is, in its
responsibility of passing of an entity. This could be an organization, marketing or accounting
models from an existing status to a new and unique model. These transitions become necessary in
tough economic times, when organizations lose focus and direction, leaving them struggling to find
the best means of handling emergent situations (Senior & Swailes, 2010). Organizations are always
looking for best practices to employ to boost their revenue. Departments may find themselves with
the challenge of meeting set goals and objectives. This leaves organizations with the responsibility
of filling up the ineffectiveness within departmental disciplines. It is the point whereby an
organization, decides to evaluate and realign its activities to incorporate new improved measures,
for the achievement of goals and objectives. That is the point when organizational change becomes
inevitable, to get

What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Mobile Banking
Mobile banking occupies the focal point of growth strategies. It represents a lucrative business
opportunity to banks and mobile carriers. (Goswami & Raghavendran, 2009). Mobile banking can
help to make full access to the details and transactions of personal bank accounts, as well as making
utility bill payments and transferring funds.
Advantages of mobile banking to clients: Time saving:Customer do not need to queue up at the bank
or near an ATM to get bank balance
Convenient and easy: consumers need not queue up for long hours for payment and transfers.
Accessibility:available around the clock 24/7/365
Confirmation: transaction can be executed and confirmed almost immediately
Secure:Security code is offered to mobile customer to enchance security
Ease to use
Advantages to banks:
Cost ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hence, there is a possibility that mobile banking remains unidentified and under–utilized by bank
customers. (AMIN, et al., n.d.) Some non–users feel that they have not received enough information
from the bank and so suffer from lack of knowledge. Older consumers have some difficulties to
make use of new technologies and they respond negatively towards innovations. (Karjaluoto, et al.,
2002).
Disadvantages of mobile banking to clients
Threat of virus and spams – Mobile Banking comes with a huge risk to the customer of being under
attack by a virus or even by a spam message.
Theft of mobile – can lose money if the bank account information gets leaked and the criminals gain
access to the bank account through mobile web or mobile apps.
Regular use can accumulate significance charges from banks
Loss of Personal Banking Experience
Lack of confidentiality when do not use receipt or signature for doing transaction
Non–uniformity of services – It is very important to understand that not all banks provide same
services through Mobile

Diffusion of Innovations and Compatibility
Compatibility "Theoretical and empirical research in technology acceptance, while acknowledging
the importance of individual beliefs about the compatibility of a technology, has produced equivocal
results" (Karahanna et al, 2006, p. 781). This study denotes the importance of integrating the
compatibility construct within technology acceptance models as well as its confounding results in
doing so. Rogers (1962) was the first one to introduce and define the term compatibility in his
Innovation Diffusion Theory. "Compatibility assesses the extent of congruence between a new
technology and various aspects of the individual and the situation in which the technology will be
utilized" (Karahanna et al., 2006, p. 782). Diverse studies ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
784). Yet again this was corresponding to the reasoning of Moore and Benbasat (1991) who
developed a four item operationalization for perceived compatibility; 1. Using [the innovation] is
compatible with all aspects of my work. 2. Using [the innovation] is completely compatible with my
current situation. 3. I think that using [the innovation] fits well with the way I like to work. 4. Using
[the innovation] fits into my work style. However, as mentioned above, Moore and Benbasat (1991)
were concerned about the parallel between relative advantage and compatibility factors, since they
did not emerge as separate factors in their final instrument. "While conceptually different,
[compatibility and relative advantage] are being viewed identically by respondents, or that there is a
causal relationship between the two" (Moore and Benbasat, 1991, p. 208). In their following
research Moore and Benbasat (1996) confirmed their assumption; they discovered a high correlation
between relative advantage and compatibility, which indicated a causal relationship. Preceding
research in the field of technology diffusion primarily considered compatibility beliefs as
independent antecedents of acceptance. In contrast to these beliefs, Karahanna et al. (2006)
hypothesize causal relationships among the compatibility beliefs and between compatibility,
usefulness and ease of use. "When a technology is

Consumer Acceptance Of Mobile Payments Essay
Consumer acceptance of mobile payments – A system dynamics approach 1. Introduction With the
rapid growth of the mobile handset market and market penetration of mobile internet, the mobile
payment industry has started to take off. While there are lots of established players in the online
payments arena, the mobile payments sector is ripe for disruption both by industry leaders and
newcomers. Mobile payments have been suggested as a solution to facilitate micropayments in
electronic and mobile commerce, and to provide an alternative for the diminishing use of cash at
point of sale (POS) (Menke and de Lussanet, 2006; Ondrus and Pigneur, 2006) With markets like
Kenya clearly shaping the future of mobile payments, most of the world is lagging behind in the
adoption of the new technology. Consumer acceptance of such new technologies, irrespective of
their potential, plays the biggest role in their adoption. A 2007 survey suggests that consumer
acceptance is the biggest hurdle for adoption of mobile payments by companies (Edgar Dunn and
Company, 2007). There are a number of different models to study consumer acceptance of new
technologies and study consumer behaviour. The Diffusion of Innovations theory (Rogers 1962),
Technology acceptance model (TAM) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology
(UTAUT) (Venkatesh 2000, 2003) provide certain metrics to study the consumer acceptance of a
new technology. In addition to consumer acceptance, the behavioural intentions of

A Framework Based Mobile Library Usage And Success Factor
FRAMEWORK BASED MOBILE LIBRARY USAGE AND SUCCESS FACTOR: REVIEW AND
EXTENTION CONCEPT
Tengku Adil Tengku Izhar
Faculty of Information Management
Universiti Teknologi MARA, UiTM
UiTM Selangor,
Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Nur Natasya Irlyana Mohd Khajazi
Faculty of Information Management
Universiti Teknologi MARA, UiTM
UiTM Selangor,
Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to propose a framework based mobile library usage. The aim is to identify
the factors toward the success usage of mobile library. This is because the usage of mobile
application is very popular especially among student. Therefore, it is important to apply this
tecjnology in the library in order to improve the usage of library services. At the same time, the
framework identify the factors toward the successfully implementation of the library services.
1. Introduction
Mobile technology or known as handheld computers originates as a one of the trend nowadays,
which people use in their daily life. Examples of mobile device are smartphones, and tablet. Mobile
technology has been more widely and quickly adopted than any other innovation ever (Pope et al.,
2010). As we know, in this new digital era, everyone has their own phone and they use it every day
in order to communicate with others and get information. Jacobs (2009) stated that mobile access
has become a universal form of communication. It means that everyone uses mobile technology
everywhere and anywhere they wish. The

Mobile Mental Health : Mobile Mental Health
Mobile Mental Health Portable psychological well–being applications are viewed as a promising
answer for meet expanding requests in emotional well–being treatment. They are utilized to treat
mental scatters and must be effective if the treatment populace acknowledges and accepts them.
This exploration investigation the acknowledgment of versatile psychological well–being
applications by youthful grown–ups in Germany keeping in mind the end goal to recognize
repressing components concerning their utilization. Individuals' expectations to utilize versatile
treatment applications, a broadened variant of the innovation acknowledgment show (TAM) is
connected. Previously, TAM has just been used to get to the acceptance and adoption of new ...
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Researchers proposed a model of the precursors of versatile texting appropriation, which
incorporates channel development, social impact, social nearness, and media wealth, to clarify the
impact of client encounter, social impact, and medium extravagance, on social proximity and
consumer fulfillment. It is conceivable that modalities of need, contingency, and assurance have
related consequences for the TAM demonstrate, to such an extent that every methodology differs in
customary routes from each other. If that is, in reality, the case, it seems likely that need and
conviction convictions would trump restriction convictions due to situational imperatives and
affordances since necessities and commitments outweigh unexpected results. In both the settings of
Instagram and Snapchat utilize, Passion and Need for Self–Expression influenced the model in ways
which were practically identical in quality to the inside elements of the TAM proposing that need
convictions can have substantial impacts with regards to web–based social networking
acknowledgment and utilize. Issue The theories around AI and machine learning brings new
dangers. Specifically, machine learning frameworks frequently have low " interpretability,"
implying that people experience problems making sense of how the structures achieved

Technolody Acceptance Model
2.4.5 TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL (TAM) Fred (1985) suggested TAM. It examines
the mediating roles of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness in their relationships between
systems characteristics (external variables) and the probability of system use (an indicator of system
success). TAM is one of the most widely used models for explaining the factors that have impact on
user acceptance of Internet Service. Many studies have demonstrated the validity of the TAM across
a wide range of Internet service. However, the factors contributing to the acceptance of new Internet
service are likely to vary with the technology, target users, and context.
In the Information Systems field, researchers have widely used the Technology Acceptance Model
to study the adoption of various technologies and TAM has arguably become the most influential
theory in the IS field. For instance, some researchers introduce many other factors to the model,
such as subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and self–efficacy (Hartwick and Barki, 1994;
Mathieson et al., 2001; Taylor and Todd, 1995). Other researchers introduce additional belief factors
from the diffusion of innovation literature, such as trial ability, visibility, or result demonstrability
(Agarwal and Prasad, 1997; Karahanna et al., 1999; Plouffe et al., 2001). Some researchers
introduce external variables or moderating factors to the two major belief constructs (perceived
usefulness and perceived ease of use), such as

Knowledge Management Systems (Kms) in Organization: a...
Knowledge Management Systems (KMS) in Organization:
A Collaborative Model for Decision Makers
Ruzaif Adli Bin Md. Daud
Principal Consultant
Sigma Rectrix Systems (M) Sdn Bhd
Abstract With expansion and growth in computing technology, systems for supporting decision–
makers in planning can be crucial, either to expedite and enhance the work environment or to gain
efficient and effective forecasting results, as to compete with other rivals in business war–gaming.
In this paper, we will explore the state–of–art in developing a Collaborative Model of Knowledge
Management System (KMS) which may support managers in decision making process. Selected
technologies that contribute to knowledge management solutions are reviewed using ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
KM is the name given to the set of systematic actions that an organization can take to obtain the
greatest value from the knowledge available to it (Davenport and Prusak, 1998). Systematic means
that KM projects are intentional actions in an organizational context. Value means that KM projects
are measured according to how KM projects contribute to increased organizational ability (Prieto
and Gutierrez 2001; Goldkuhl and Braf 2002). KM as an intentional and value–adding action is not
easy to accomplish in practice (Scarbrough and Swan 1999). Scarbrough and Swan present several
case studies in KM, successful and unsuccessful in their respective KM project. A major point and
lessons from the case studies is that prevalent approaches in KM overstate technology and
understate how technology is implemented and applied. The scope of KM encompasses individual
competence and organization memory, knowledge creation from tacit to explicit knowledge,
including the role of organizations in facilitating the creation of knowledge.
Knowledge Management Systems
Knowledge management systems (KMS) refer to a class of Information systems applied to
managing organizational knowledge. That is, they are IT–based systems developed to support and
enhance the organizational processes of knowledge creation, storage/retrieval, transfer and
application. While not all KM

The Pros And Cons Of Bitcoin
Problem Statement
Exchange rates are the important tools in the global economy. The exchange rate activity will affect
the price of every country's imports and exports, as well as the value of every overseas investment.
A weak currency makes exports cheaper to foreigners, which can lead to higher exports and job
creation in the export sector. Consumers use exchange rates to calculate the cost of goods produced
in other countries. How much a currency is worth in relation to another currency is determined by
the supply and demand for currencies in the foreign exchange market. Following the global
financial crisis of 2008–2009, tensions among countries over exchange rate policies arguably
broadened. Some policymakers and analysts have expressed ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
From the history of Iraqi Swiss Dinar that had no backing by either commodities or government
entities indicates that Bitcoin may succeed. But, the potential users and investors should be aware of
the many risks inherent in using new technology like Bitcoin.
Suggestion for Further Research
One of the main limitations within this study was time. This meant that the sample size and number
of participants is relatively small. This meant that there was limited time to conduct interview,
gather observations and request follow–up interviews to explore any aspects of the study that
jumped out as us during the data collection phase. Therefore, with more time, the coverage of study
can be more wider and the scope of the study can be more comprehensive. Additional and next
study can be in perspective of law and regulation in Malaysia whether supported to implement
Bitcoin openly or not. The vast majority of currencies are backed by government, commodities or
both. That it may exist in a legal gray area about its legal status. Furthermore, other legal issues that
have not been analyzed including tax evasion, money laundering,

The Motivation Model
This research will modifies and integrates the motivation model, self–determination theory (SDT)
(Deci and Ryan, 1985) and technology acceptance model (TAM) (Davis, 1989). This research will
find the impact of extrinsic and intrinsic motivational factors on trust. The report will determine
whether the extrinsic motivational factors and/or intrinsic motivational factors increase or decrease
trust to adopt internet banking. People who are living in low income and developing countries such
as Pakistan, Bangladesh and India have to deal with many problems such as poverty, corruption and
weak legal structure, all of these problems will lead to distrust in their lives. Similarly, the
technology that deals with finance and money is going to be difficult to adopt by people who lives
in low income countries due to lack of trust. Trust on internet banking system and security has to be
developed in order for the people to adopt internet banking systems. Trust can be developed if the
financial institutions works on extrinsic and intrinsic motivational factors which will ultimately
helps the banking industry to gain trust of older customers of using and experiencing benefits of
internet banking.
Motivation : One famous theory that seeks to explain the human motivation is Self–Determination
Theory by Deci and Ryan (1985). It defines extrinsic motivation which refers to performing
something that has a separable outcome other than the activity performed such as increasing job
performance

Literature Review On Mobile Shopping
3. LITERATURE REVIEW
3.1. Introduction
One of the main aspects related to mobile commerce drawing interest among scholars and
organisations is the consumer behaviour in relation to mobile shopping. The works of Balaji et al.
(2013) argue that mobile shopping is a practice very much dependent on the decisions of the
consumer and understanding this behaviour is key in understanding mobile shopping. Chong, Chan
and Ooi (2012) highlighted that the mobile phone usage has affected people's use of online services
prominently, mobile technologies being observed as increasing online usage of consumers during
their shopping activities. In fact, mobile shopping has become a major alternative to physical
shopping experiences for consumers. Anckar, Carlsson, and Walden (2003) and Zhang, Yuan, and
Archer (2002) pointed out the preference of mobile shopping to visiting the stores among the global
consumers. The retail industry particularly is among the main areas of shopping that has promoted
mobile shopping. Laukkanen et al. (2007) also observed that there has been a rapid adoption of
smartphones, making it much easier for consumers to engage in mobile shopping.
In this context of increasing interest in mobile shopping and its impact on the consumer experience,
this chapter will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Reviewing the literature by focusing on the application of the Technology Acceptance Model
(TAM) in the context of mobile shopping.
Defining and describing the key determinants in the theoretical framework, consisting of
independent variables, dependent variables and moderating variables.
Formulating an extended model of technology acceptance that will have the power to prove the
acceptance and usage behaviour of mobile shopping from a consumer experience perspective.
3.2. Technology acceptance in the

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Mobile Banking
2.2.6 Disadvantages to banks:
Loss of personal contact: During the banking transaction, there are no interaction between
customers and banks.
Competition: the banking world is becoming more and more competitive
2.3 Some risk associated with Mobile banking are:
2.3.1 Perceived Risk
Perceived risk arises from the uncertainty that customers face when they cannot foresee the
consequences of their purchase decisions. (Aldás–Manzano, et al., 2009). Mobile banking risk is
perceived to be higher than traditional banking channels as they operate on open technological
infrastructure which creates implicit fears that hacking and other malicious attacks that cause
financial loss and manipulation of personal data might occur. (Koenig–Lewis, et al., 2010)
2.3.2 Security risk
Security risk relates to the potential loss of control over transactions and financial information.
(Akturan & Tezcan, 2012). Customers fear that their funds will be transferred to third parties
without their knowledge. (Koenig–Lewis, et al., 2010)
2.3.3 Privacy risk
Privacy risk is loss of control over personal information (name, address, e–mail, phone numbers,
etc.) will be disclosed without permission and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Davis (1986) defined Perceived usefulness as "The degree to which an individual believes that using
the particular system would enhance his or her performance" and Perceived ease of use is defined as
"the degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would be free of effort".
According to him attitude of the user towards the acceptance of new technology or information
system is determined by perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Technology Acceptance
Model was developed with the purpose of explaining why users accept or reject information
technology. TAM is specified in the causal linkages between two key beliefs, i.e Perceived
usefulness and perceived ease of use. (kamel & Hassen,

Factors Affecting Usefulness of Social Networking in...
Factors Affecting the Usefulness of Social Networking in E–learning at German University of
Technology in Oman Revinson G. Martin "what are the factors affecting the usefulness of social
networking in e–learning at GUtech"? This will help the university administrator, students, and
educators to know the value of social networking in e–learning and will help and guide those who
develop, implement, and deliver e–learning systems. There are many social networking sites
available that the researcher perceived to be useful in the academe. However, the researcher have
used Facebook group for this study because of its popularity to the students and educators of
GUtech. II. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The TAM developed by Davis is one of the most ...
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However in Oman, some in the academe have not caught up with the social networking trends.
Sometimes the use of the technology in the classroom is not allowed. Few traditional educators use
the technology when they are communicating with their own colleagues. Everyday many students
are spending countless hours immersed in popular technologies–such as Facebook or Twitter–which
at first glance may seem like a waste of time, and brain cells. But the social networking technology
deserves a second, deeper look at what is actually going on [2]. GUtech is currently using a
moodle–based e–learning management system to help educators create online courses and support
to students. The university would not allow the educators and students to use social networking like
Facebook for some safety and cultural reasons. Social networking if properly used would bring
endless possibilities of online collaboration resulting good effects to the students. To effectively
implement social networking in e–learning, the students and educators of GUtech need to use it and
integrate testing and assessment tools throughout the learning process. This study extended the TAM
and answered the question PEU Fig.1. Technology Acceptance Model III. REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE There were researchers that have continuously reported that the TAM was very
useful in predicting and explaining technology use in various

The Importance Of Technology In The Organization
The world we live in today is more complicated, competitive and technologically advanced, and
there is always a demand for resource and if the existing resources are not utilized properly it leads
to poor results. Technology is a component that can be used for the productive use of resources. But
employees in the organization often resist adapting to technology. Introducing new technology and
tools into an organization can increase productivity, boost sales, and help you make better, quicker
decisions however getting every employee adjust to the change in technology is often a challenge.
Organization very constantly face the challenge of adapting themselves to the technology and it
depends on its employees to overcome the change and employees need the stimulation to adapt to
the change and this reminds me of a famous quote "You can't build an adaptable organization
without adaptable people––and individuals change only when they have to, or when they want to"
(Gary Hamel). As per Gary Hamel individuals only change when they have to' or when they want to
and Motivation is a factor that can drive individuals to change or adapt to technology. Motivation is
the key ingredient to bring about a change in the employees which can lead to the success of an
organization. Organizations even though they have all the technical skills, will not be successful if
they are not able to motivate their team to take up change. The manager or leader or the organization
should have the skill to

Behavioral Intention Paper
The main purpose of our research is to explore behavioral intention to use ERP system on
accounting context. In that case there are some ideal factors that positively influence on behavioral
intention to use of ERP system such as attitudes towards use, self–efficacy, performance expectancy,
effort expectancy etc. (Philamore Alleyne, 2013) Factors effect on use of ERP system has been
adapted from the model called unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model,
Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Theory of Planned Behavior. Furthermore, Alleyne and
Lavine have added another two factors called attitudes towards use and subjective norms to explore
the behavior intention to use on ERP system. But in our case we use only attitudes toward use in
explaining the behavioral intention to use ERP system. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Afterwards a theory has been made as an extension of previous theory called theory of planned
behavior has added another factor named perceived behavioral control (AJZEN, 2001) and that is
been a influencing factor on behavioral intention to use ERP system. Due to it is being the basis for
develop the TAM. In addition, attitude towards use has been made out of perceived ease of use and
perceived usefulness (Philamore Alleyne, 2013). In our case, we propose to use attitude towards use
from TAM as determination of behavioral intention to use ERP system. Of According to our
designed model to explore the ultimate target of identify the actual usage of ERP system, we need to
identify the facilitating condition by the company side as

Essay On Tax E-Filing
Paper
Aziz, S.A., & Idris, K.D. (2017). The Effect of Volume On The Intention Towards Tax E–Filing.
SHS Web of Conferences, 34(2017). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20173411003
Conference
17th Annual Conference 2016 – Asian Academic Accounting Association
Location: Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia, November 20–22, 2016.
Retrieved from http://foura.org/index.php/conferences/past–conferences/17th–annual–conference–
2016
There is no indication of acceptance rate; however, there is a tab for conferences where one can
search for past conference locations. In 2018, the conference is to be held in Bali, Indonesia. Past
conference locations include Sarawak, Malaysia; Bandung–Jawa Barat, Indonesia; Bangalore, India,
and Penang, Malaysia. Based on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
E–filing has been used by big business and in the U.S. court system for decades. Furthermore, e–
filing by tax practitioners in Malaysia has been in place since 1997 and the benefits from using e–
filing have been well documented (Aziz & Idris, 2017).
(2) Technical Quality (Theoretical soundness/methodology): 4 The paper is evaluating the following
model forwarded by the authors:
Behavioural intention = α + β1*performance expectancy + β2*effort expectancy + β3*social
influence + β4*facilitating conditions + β5*perceived value, with volume of transactions as a
moderating factor to each independent variable (not going to expand equation for sake of brevity).
These variables are taken from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Usage of Technology
(UTAUT), which is a technology acceptance model and aims to explain user intentions to use an
information system and subsequent usage behaviour. The model is then evaluated using structured
equation modelling, partial least squares, and bootstrapping.
However, the results may be biased because the authors do not provide a breakdown of the sample
size. According to the paper, a sample size of 714 was used from a total of 1,871 tax agents and
practitioners from 15 different states in Malaysia (Aziz & Idris, 2017). It may be plausible that most
of the sample

Good And Clear Introduction “Research States That Although
Good and clear introduction "Research states that although there is a positive correlation between
technology utilization and student achievement (Shapley, Sheehan, Maloney, & Caranikas–Walker,
2010)" and training opportunities in the use of technology have become increasingly available,
educators still do not effectively incorporate technology into instruction (Chickasanda, Otrel–Cass,
Williams, & Jones, 2013; Li & Choi, 2014). According to studies conducted by Petko (2012) and
Mama and Hennessy (2013), teachers' personal values and beliefs play a part in effective technology
integration. The statement "Teachers are the stakeholders primarily responsible for the integration of
technology into the curriculum..." addressed the relationship ... Show more content on
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Davis' Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is widely used in educational research to understand
attitudes and processes for accepting new technology (Teo, Zhou, & Noyes, 2016). Rogers'
Diffusion of Innovations Theory is also effective in educational research dealing with users'
perceptions and acceptance, or non–acceptance, of innovations dealing with technology adoption
(Van Horne, Russel, & Schuh, 2016). The dissertation topic for this basic qualitative study focuses
on teachers' beliefs regarding technology by investigating secondary school teachers' perceptions of
iPad integration with an emphasis on (a) how teachers integrate iPads into the curriculum, (b)
perceived advantages and disadvantages of iPad integration, and (c) perceived strengths and
weaknesses of professional development as it relates to the one–to–one iPad initiative recently
implemented in an urban school district in the South Atlantic region of the United States. The
critical analysis was complete and well supported in the section "Factors Affecting Technology
Integration" Critical analysis of secondary school teachers' perceptions of iPad integration is
essential, especially in light of schools increasing expectations of technology utilization during
instruction (Clark and Luckin, 2013) due to federal mandates such as the Every Student Succeeds
Act (Act, E. S. S., 2015). According to Ertmer, Hew, and Brush (as cited in Kim, Kim, Lee, Spector,
and DeMeester, 2013), factors affecting

Self-Efficacy In Qualitative Research
This study is a peer–reviewed scholarly journal article, which depicted the key issues related to the
faculty perceived use of online technologies in higher education institutions. In this qualitative
research paper, multiple theoretical frameworks were examined to recognize the variance in faculty
attitudes and behaviours in their implementation and selection of technology in their teaching. The
self–efficacy theory (Bandura, 1977) revealed that faculty who believes in their domain–specific
capability are more successful in their teaching than those who do not. Also, the technology
acceptance model (Davis, 1989) was analyzed to comprehend the degree to which faculty opts to
engage with various types of technology. In addition, the theory of reasoned action (Ajzen &
Fishbein, 1980) was reviewed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus, a perceived ease of use is strongly associated with self–efficacy, which means that the higher
self–efficacy a faculty member possessed with respect to the use of certain technology the more
likely they perceived it easier to use. Similarly, the actual use of technology such as facilitating and
inhibiting conditions was influenced by the behavioural intentions. An online survey was employed
to collect data from 114 faculty members teaching in a large UK university. The data were measured
using the Internet self–efficacy scale against faculty ease of technology use, adoption of learning
technologies in their teaching, and barriers to the technology adoption. A principal component
analysis determined two main barriers to faculty adoption of technology: structural constraints
within the University and perceived usefulness of the tools. Likewise, the regression data analysis
method indicated that these two variables, along with Internet self–efficacy, were associated with
the use of online learning technology. This study is related to the teaching and learning in the digital
context as well as the work life, career, and professional development issues of higher

Immoduletext
THE EXTENT OF INTERNET BANKING SERVICES USAGE IN RELATION WITH
CUSTOMERS' PERCEIVED E–SERVICE QUALITY (PeSQ) OF MALAYSIAN BANKS IN
PENANG: THE MODERATING ROLE OF ADOPTERS RISK PROFILE
Sri Zuliarni1, Hasnah Hj Haroon2, Sofri Yahya2
ABSTRAK Studi ini mengkaji perilaku penggunaan jasa Internet banking lanjutan dalam konteks
nasabah tetap pada Bank nasional Malaysia di Penang. Kerangka penelitian berasaskan Technology
Acceptance Model (TAM) dan modifikasi model Perceived e–Service Quality (PeSQ) untuk
mengidentifikasi faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan jasa Internet banking lanjutan. Variabel
penelitian diantaranya profil risiko pengguna, kegunaan yang diterima, kemudahan dalam
penggunaan, kebolehpercayaan, ketanggapan, keselamatan, dan ... Show more content on
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Besides opportunities of this channel, banks and financial institutions across the world face new
challenges to the ways they operate, deliver services and compete with each other in the financial
sector. Driven by these challenges, banks and financial institutions have implemented delivering
their services using this channel (Chan&Lu, 2004; Cronon, 1997). Internet banking refers to the use
of the Internet as a delivery channel for banking services, which include all traditional services such
as balance enquiry, printing statement, fund transfer to other accounts, bill payment, and so on, and
new banking services such as electronic bill presentment and payment (Frust, Lang&Nolle, 2000)
without visiting to bank branch (Mukherjee&Nath, 2003; Sathye, 1999). Many commercial banks
and financial institutions have implemented Internet banking services over the past decade.
Compared with traditional over the counter banking, Internet banking does not offer face–to–face
contact in what is essentially a one–to–one service relationship with the individual. As a result,
Internet banking must deliver higher quality in order to compete. Understanding customer's
expectations and how they feel about their perceived services is becoming a very serious concern.
Internet banking continuous success comes from two groups: new customers and repeat customers.
Since it always costs more to attract new customers than to retain

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