2. Definition
It is a condition where invasion of the blood
stream by virulent microorganisms and
especially bacteria along with their toxins
from the local site of infection accompanied
especially by chills, fever and extreme
weakness.
3. Epidemiology
Septicaemia affects more than 30 million people
worldwide every year leading to 6 million
deaths
More than 90, 000 people die every year in
India due to sepsis
4. Types
Gram positive bacterial sepsis- Sepsis is
caused by gram positive bacteria
Gram negative bacterial sepsis- Sepsis is
caused by gram negative bacteria
Anaerobic bacterial sepsis- Sepsis is
caused by anaerobes
Fungal sepsis- Sepsis is caused by fungi
6. Prolonged use of broad spectrum
antibiotics
Corticosteroid treatment
Prolonged hospitalization
Presence of central venous catheter
Total Parentral nutrition treatment
7. Aetiology
Gram positive bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Coagulase negative staphylococci species
Enterococcus species
Gram negative bacteria
Escherichia coli
Klebsiella species
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Serratia species
Enterobacter
Proteus
8. Anaerobic bacteria
Bacterides fragilis
Clostridium species
Fungus
Candida albicans
Candida glabrata
Candida parapsilosis
Candida tropicalis
Candida krusei
Crypotococcus species
Cocidioides species
Fusarium species
Aspergillus species
12. Balance between release of pro
inflammatory mediators and anti
inflammatory mediators determines degree
of inflammation:
Local antibacterial activity
Systemic tissue toxicity
Organ failure
Death