Septicemia is a life-threatening blood infection caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream from a site of infection. Common symptoms include fever, rapid breathing/heartbeat, low blood pressure, and mental confusion. Bacteria such as E. coli, streptococcus pneumoniae, and salmonella are often involved. The document details types, causes, diagnosis, and treatment of septicemia, including antibiotics and supportive care. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of preventing and promptly treating infections to avoid septicemia.

1. SEPTICEMIA

2. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TYPES CAUSES SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT PREVENTION CONCLUSION REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION : Septicemia is a potentially life-threatening infection in which large amounts of bacteria are present in the blood, It is commonly referred to as blood poisoning. Septicemia, sometimes referred to as a medical condition that is caused by bacteria that is known as spectcemia or bacteremia. These bacteria affects the bodily functions of the blood as it is responsible for the carrying of oxygen, nutrients to your cells and it also carries waste and carbon dioxide. The human blood is also responsible for carrying important antibodies this makes it vulnerable to bacterial infections (pathogens) which get into the bloodstream and spread the infection rapidly. This infection is usually called Sepsis.

4. Site of infection Respiratory system Skin Gastrointestinal system Genitourinary system. It may coincide with very aggressive infections such as Meningitis.

5. Bacteria Involved Bacteria usually spill over from the primary infection site into the blood and are carried throughout the body thereby spreading infection to various systems of the body. Bacteria such as : E. coli Streptococcus pneumoniae Salmonella Haemophilus influenzae Type B,Listeria monocytogenes Neisseria meningitidis Group B streptococcus (GBS)

6. Causing

7. SEPTICEMIA

8. TYPES : Postoperative septicemia Bacterial septicemia Meningococcal septicemia

9. CAUSES : Pseudomonas putrefaciens as a Cause of Septicemia in: - Humans Wound infection Surgical infection Tooth abscess Internal Injuries Oral cavity Burns

10. SYMPTOMS : Fever or abnormal low body temperature. Rapid breathing (Tachypenea) Rapid heartbeat Changes in mental status such as confusion Low blood pressure Skin discoloration Dyspnea Thrombocytopenia Chills Pneumonia Urinary infection

11. DIAGNOSIS OF SEPTICEMIA Physical Examination Low blood pressure Low body temperature Microbiogical analysis Blood culture Urine culture Blood Tests Arterial Blood Gas Platelet count CBC

12. TREATMENT : Hospitalization Antibiotics : Clindamycin Ofloxacin Ampicillin Amoxycllin..etc. Oxygen Therapy Intensive care Supportive therapy Fluids Homeopathic medicines- Carbolic acid, Arnica ..etc.

13. PREVENTION : Treating wounds Treating infections Regular dental checkup

14. The Truth About Septicemia The Disease that Killed Model Mariana Bridi da Costa The Truth About Septicemia, the Disease that Killed Model Mariana Bridi da Costa In Bridi's case,her urinary tract infection caused by the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and prevented sufficient blood flow to her organs. Doctors had to amputate both arms and legs because her limbs weren’t receiving enough oxygen This type of bacteria is usually contracted in the hospital. Mariana Bridi da Costa died on Jan-24th, 2009

15. CONCLUSION As septicemia is the life threatening infection, we should aware of simple infections which leads to serious infection. By observing symptoms one can take care of infections at the initial stage. To avoid septicemia, people should be educated and not neglect the preventive measures of infection.

16. REFERENCE : Websites: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001355 http://www.healthsystem.virginia.edu/uvahealth/adult_neuro/septecem.cfm http://www.healthscout.com/ency/68/635/main.html http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/s/septicemia/intro.html http://pennhealth.com/ency/article/001355.html

17. TEXT BOOKS Richard A.Helms, David J.Quan, Eric T.Herfindal, Dick R.Gourley, Text Book Of Therapeutics Drug&Disease Management,Published by Lippincott Williams&Wilkins,8th Edition 2006,Pg no; 2160 to 2165 Joel

18. Thank You