2. Adults
Females Males
• Caloric requirement of a • Caloric requirement of a male.
female.
• Protein
• Protein
• high amounts of calcium can
• Calcium needs be harmful.
• Needs for added iron. • Excess iron needs to be
avoided.
3. Women during pregnancy
• Extra need for nutrients
• Increase in calories
• Increases in vitamins and
minerals
• Giving birth to a healthy
infant
4. Infants
• Development and growth
of an infant
• The infant will need
energy
• Carbohydrates
• Lactose
5. Teenagers
• Extra nutrients, minerals • Extra nutrients, minerals
and calcium is vital and calcium is vital
• Calories needs every day • Calories needs every day
is approximately 2,200 is approximately 2,500
and 2,800
• approximately 15 grams
of iron per day • Approximately 12 grams
of iron per day,
6. Older adults
• Many older adults do not eat the right foods.
• Male need about 2,000 calories per day.
• Females need about 1,600 calories per day.
• Reduced absorption of certain nutrients
7. Reference
• Family Health Guide. (2006). Good nutrition. Retrieved from
http://www.health.harvard.edu/fhg/updates/update0906b.shtml
• Graphics.iparenting. (n.d.). Babieskidsteens. Retrieved from
http://www.graphics.iparenting.com/clipart/babieskidsteens/61036.JPG
• Parenting Advice World.. (2008). Research on teenagers nutritional needs. Retrieved
from http://parentingadviceworld.com/research-on-teenagers-nutritional-needs.html
• U.S. Department of Agriculture. (2004). Older adult health facts. Retrieved from
http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2005/toolkit/olderadults/OAnutrition.htm
• Wunderfulkitchen. (n.d.). Healthy foods. Retrieved from
http://wunderfulkitchen.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/Healthy-Foods.jpg
Editor's Notes
When looking at the nutrition needs of adults, there is a different between the needs of a woman versus a male. In the following article, we will look at some of them.The caloric requirement of a male and female depends on body sizes and how much they exercise. To keep their weights at a certain level it is recommended that they “take in 13 calories per pound of weight each day (Family Health Guide, 2006),” depending on physical activities. Usually the “moderately active 125-pound woman needs 2,000 calories a day; a 175-pound guy with a similar exercise pattern needs 2,800 calories (Family Health Guide, 2006).”Male and females, should consume about “60 grams of protein a day (Family Health Guide, 2006). To consume excess dietary protein, can increase loss of calcium, which is more of a concern for females than males. With females this loss can “increase the risk of osteoporosis, where for males this would increase a concern for kidney stones.Calcium is also a concern for females, with a diet high in calcium, the risk for osteoporosis would be lower. With “males calcium in high amounts can be harmful, which could cause prostate cancer, this risk being greater in males that consume above 2,000 mg. per day (Family Health Guide, 2006).” The same applies to iron; females need more iron due to the loss during the menstrual period, where males should avoid high doses of iron.
The new expecting mother, during her pregnancy, must make sure that she is receiving all the needed nutrients for her unborn child and for herself. The child is developing and vulnerable to many things if the extra need for nutrients is not met by the expecting mother for her developing fetus.Some of the extra needs are an increase in calories, during the early stages of pregnancy the expected mother needs to increase her intake of calories to “340 and 452 Calories per day, (Grosvenor, M. B., & Smolin, L. A. (2006),”, this can be added by simply added a light snack to the daily diet , also a additional “25 grams of protein per day(Grosvenor, M. B., & Smolin, L. A. (2006),”also needs to be added to the diet, along with an increase in water intake, for the needs of the fetus and amniotic fluids.There is a need for increases in vitamins and minerals during pregnancy such as calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin C, and iron , to name a few. Taking care of one’s self with the added needs for nutrients, will help to ensure a healthy mother and the birth of a healthy infant.(Wunderfulkitchen, n.d.).
For the development and growth of an infant, good nutrition is needed. The infant will be going through many different physiological changes in its first year, and the need for appropriate amount of foods will be essential, more so than “at any other time of life and as an infant, the nutrients in formula or breast milk allow for optimal brain development. (Grosvenor, M. B., & Smolin, L. A. (2006).” The infant will need energy which is gained by foods that contain “carbohydrates, proteins, or fat (Grosvenor, M. B., & Smolin, L. A. (2006). “Carbohydrates are very necessary as this will provide the infant with energy for growth and body function, and allow protein for repairing the tissues of the infant.Lactose, is the type of carbohydrates which is received by the infant in formulas that is cow-based and the best source of this is breast milk . Receiving large amounts of breast milk or cow-based formula will repair and build new tissues.The “amount of protein per kilogram required for an infant is almost twice the amount of an adult (Grosvenor, M. B., & Smolin, L. A. (2006).” These proteins help produce essential enzymes, hormones, antibodies, as well as other components. Infants consume about 55% of their energy as fat during the first 6 months of their life (Grosvenor, M. B., & Smolin, L. A. (2006).”Lipids are also a major source of energy and around 50% is consumed from breast and milk-based infant formulas. “Lipids also promote the accumulation of stored fat in the body which reduces body heat loss and protects body organs. They also allow for the absorption of fat- soluble vitamins such as A, D, E, and K, (Grosvenor, M. B., & Smolin, L. A. (2006).”(Graphics.iparenting, n.d.).
As the teenager enters adolescence, and puberty, at this time of their lives becomes one of the most important, where they need to eat to maintain good health. Both the teenage female and male need “extra nutrients, minerals and calcium and that it is vital to their health that those extra needs are met (Parenting Advice World. 2008).”Calories are essential, as these are what provide the body with the energy. The “teenage boys from the ages of eleven to eighteen require 2,500 and 2,800 calories per day. The amount of calories that a teenage girl needs every day is approximately 2,200 per day (Parenting Advice World. 2008).” Health food is what needs to be consumed, instead of junk food. Research concerning nutrition show that the teenage male and female need between, “45 to 60 grams of protein per day (Parenting Advice World. 2008).” The teenagers need “1,200 milligrams of calcium per day (Parenting Advice World. 2008),” and “teenage boys need approximately 12 grams of iron per day, where teenage girls need approximately 15 grams per day (Parenting Advice World. 2008).”“Research on a teenager’s nutritional needs also shows that if these food groups cannot be met every day, it is recommended that a vitamin and mineral supplement be taken daily (Parenting Advice World. 2008).”
Many older adults do not eat the right foods, food that contains “calcium, potassium, fiber, magnesium, and vitamins A, C, D, and E. Fruits and vegetables contain potassium, fiber, magnesium, and vitamins A and C. Vitamin E is found in many ready-to-eat cereals, nuts, and vegetable oils. Calcium and vitamin D are found in fat-free and low-fat milk. At the same time, many older adults eat too many foods high in calories, saturated and trans fats, cholesterol, added sugars, and salt (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2004).” It is very important to both the male and female older adult to get nutrients, for over-all good health.It is advised that a male, for example in his 60’s needs about 2,000 calories per day, where a female the same age, needs about 1,600 calories per day. As an adult gets older they have increased nutrient needs, as older adults tend to have reduced absorption of certain nutrients, such as “vitamin B12. (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2004).”
