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HSDPA Technology




      ZTE University

TD&W&PCS BSS Course Team
Content


          Driver to HSDPA

          HSDPA Theory

          HSDPA Terminal and Commercial
          Situation

          HSDPA Solution
Driver to HSDPA


                              Competition to operator

                                 2.5G
                                  GPRS: 9.05 -171.2kbit/s,
                                   Service deployment is bad
                                  CDMA2000 1x: 153.6kbit/s,
                                   Service deployment is good

                                 3G
                                 CDMA 1x EV-DO: 2.4Mbit/s
                                 WCDMA R99/R4: 2Mbit/s


                        R99

                                    Introduce HSDPA
Peak data rate (Kbps)                   to WCDMA
Mean data rate (Kbps)
Driver to HSDPA


                                             The driver to HSDPA

High Speed Downlink Packet Access
   HSDPA is a new technology to enhance WCDMA PS data service
   HSDPA gives subscribers new experience of more higher speed data
    service with shorter time delay
   HSDPA brings more bandwidth and more online subscribers
   It is necessary and feasible to introduce HSDPA to WCDMA network
   With consideration of network planning and deployment cost, HSDPA
    should be applied at the beginning, or at least the Node B should
    hardware ready for HSDPA
   HSDPA brings new requirement of transmission and network planning.
    Pay more attention to it
Driver to HSDPA


                                         HSDPA, Mature technology

2002.6 R5 released

2003.6 HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) was added into R5



                            HSDPA --Max. downlink data rate: 14.4Mbps


HSDPA is smoothly evolved from WCDMA R99 without any big effect to the existing
R99 network
    1 new transport channel: HS-DSCH
    3 new physical channels:HS-PDSCH, HS-SCCH and HS-DPCCH
    MAC-hs sub-layer, HARQ (Fast Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest), Fast Scheduling
     and AMC (Adaptive Modulation and Coding)
Driver to HSDPA


                       Competition advantage of HSDPA

   Standard       Data rate (Mbps)           Subscribers per cell
                                     31×PS64k, 15×PS128k or 7×PS384k
WCDMA R99/R4            2M
                                          (SF=32, SF=16 or SF=8)
                                                       64
    HSDPA               14.4           (117.7kbps per user, SF=16, R=3/4,
                                                    16QAM)
                                                         59
CDMA2000 1x EV-
                        2.4          (only tens of kbps, 200kbps when 8
     DO
                                     users is configured)




 HSDPA supports more users while provides higher data rate!
Driver to HSDPA


                        Perspective of HSDPA application
                                          Higher data rate
                                          More users
                                          Richer service
                                          Obvious advantage to compete with
                          HSDPA handset
                                          other 3G technology like CDMA2000

  HSDPA coverage
                                          HSDPA Modem
                        HSDPA Modem
                                          HSDPA fixed terminal
                                          Flexible access


                        HSPDA data card   HSDPA data card
                                          HSDPA PDA

WCDMA R99/R4 coverage                     Mixed with WMAN (WiMAX)
                           HSDPA PDA      and WLAN (Wi-Fi), more advantage of
                                          broadband wireless access



      HSDPA, roundly improves the value of WCDMA network
Content


      Driver to HSDPA

      HSDPA Theory

      HSDPA Terminal and Commercial
      Situation

      HSDPA Solution
HSDPA Theory


                            Evolve from R99/R4 to HSDPA

         RLC                                              RLC
UE                                    UTRAN
        MAC                                              MAC-d


        MAC
                                    HS-DSCH
                                     DSCH                HS-DSCH
                                                          DSCH
        (add
                                       FP
                                       FP                   FP
                                                            FP
       MAC-hs)
                         MAC-hs
                                      L2                   L2


         PHY
         PHY              PHY
                          PHY         L1                   L1
         (add            (add 3
       process)         channels)

                  Uu                          Iub/ Iur
RNC, Node B: add HS-DSCH FP protocol process, involve Iub/Iur
Node B: add MAC-hs, responsible for AMC, HARQ, etc.
Node B: add 3 physical channels: HS-PDSCH,HS-SCCH,HS-DPCCH
UE: add MAC-hs, physical channels and process, modulation
HSDPA Theory


                                 New physical channels of HSDPA
                                                          DCCH(信令)+UL DTCH(PS业务)

                                                          DPCH
                                                        HS-PDSCH
                                                                           UE
                                    UTRAN                HS-SCCH
           CN
                                                        HS-DPCCH


                                                  DL DTCH (PS业务)
                                                                         R99 channel
                                                                         HSDPA channel


 HS-PDSCH is the bearer of HS-DSCH, transfer HSDPA user data (downlink) 2ms TTI, 3
  slots, spread factor is fixed to 16, multiple users & multiple codes, modulation method:
  QPSK and 16QAM
 HS-SCCH bears information of HS-DSCH such as UE specialized mask code, modulation
  and coding policy, etc. (downlink) 2ms TTI, 3 slots, spread factor is fixed to 128
 HS-DPCCH bears feedback information of HS-PDSCH such as Channel Quality Indication
  (CQI), H-ARQ confirm information ACK/NACK, etc. (uplink) 2ms TTI, 3 slots, spread factor
  is fixed to 256
HSDPA Theory


                                HSDPA working procedure
                                     ②Evaluation, HS-DSCH parameters setting



                                                         Data Packet



④Receive data from HS-DSCH
   according to Detecting
   HS-SCCH                                Node B                          RNC
                                      (AMC and HARQ)




                              AMC, modulation and coding selection

                              HARQ, lowers the time delay, improves the
                               data throughput

                              Fast scheduling, quick decision
HSDPA Theory


                                                  Key technology: AMC (1)


                                                       Adaptive Modulation and
                                                        Coding (AMC), Node B can
                                                        adjust modulation (QPSK,
                                                        16QAM) and coding rate (1/3,
                                                        3/4, etc) in time according to the
                                                        feedback channel state from UE.
                                                        So data transferring can follow
                                                        the step of channel state
                                                        changing in time, it is a good
                                                        technology for link self-adaptive

                                                       For long time delay packet data,
                                                        AMC can improve system
Standard   AMC              Remark
                                                        capacity without add
R99/R4      N         Quick power control               interference to neighbor cells
HSDPA       Y    Satisfy 15dB SIR dynamic range
HSDPA Theory


                                              Key technology: AMC (2)

                                         Modulation (QPSK, 16QAM) self-adaptive
                                         Good channel state: 16QAM
    CQI (Report periodically)
                                         Bad channel state: QPSK


                                         Coding rate (1/3, 3/4, etc.) self-adaptive
                                         Good channel state: 3/4
                                Node B   Bad channel state: 1/3




Efficiently utilize the channel condition

Good channel state: higher speed                      Codes adjusting
Bad channel state: lower speed                        Good channel state: more codes
                                                       Bad channel state: fewer codes
HSDPA Theory


                                                          Key technology: AMC (3)
HSDPA, R99/R4 channel bearing ability comparison
                                                                          16QAM and higher coding rate




                 Standard         Data rate (kbps)   SF     Modulation   Coding rate

                  R99/R4                 384         8        QPSK           1/2

                  HSDPA                  720         16      16QAM           3/4

      HSDPA, the service bearing ability of one channel is further larger than R99/R4
       by using more efficient modulation and coding rate, while SF is twice as R99/R4
      As using bigger SF, system can support more users
HSDPA Theory


                                              Key technology: AMC (4)
                                                                   Multiple coding rates


    HSDPA throughput, relative with modulation & coding rate


      Modulation coding       Data rate            Data rate   Data rate
            rate               (1 code)            (5 codes)   (15 codes)

         QPSK 1/4              120kbps             600kbps     1.8Mbps

         QPSK 1/2              240kbps             1.2Mbps     3.6Mbps

         QPSK 3/4              360kbps             1.8Mbps     5.4Mbps

         16QAM 1/2             480kbps             2.4Mbps     7.2Mbps

         16QAM 3/4             720kbps             3.6Mbps     10.8Mbps


   HSDPA can provide data rate per user up to 10.8Mbps (16QAM, 3/4) by
    AMC and multiple codes technology
   In the situation of high speed, HSDPA requires high channel condition
HSDPA Theory


                                             Key technology: HARQ (1)

     Standard      HARQ                                 Remark
                            FEC is in high layer
     R99/R4             N   ARQ is in RLC layer, channel feedback is slow

     HSDPA              Y   Includes physical layer HARQ and HARQ entity in MAC-hs


                                           Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) is a
     MAC-hs
                                            combined technology with Forward Error
                 HARQ                       Correction (FEC) and Automatic Repeat reQuest
                                            (ARQ)

                                           HARQ can provide flexible and subtle adjustment
                 TFRC
                                            for its process by cooperated with AMC

L2
L1
                L1 HARQ
HSDPA Theory


                                                                  Key technology: HARQ (2)
Advantage: improve transferring reliability           F
Disadvantage: lower utilization in bad                E                   H
              channel state                                                       Combine FEC and ARQ, each
                                                      C                   A       sending packet includes error
Advantage: good performance in                        A                   R       detection bit and error correction bit
           lower Bit Error Rate (BER)
                                                      R                   Q
Disadvantage: bad performance in
              high BER                                Q
                 Send           Receive                                           Send             Receive
        Packet A                                                          Packet A

                                           Discard                                                               Reserve
    Resend
                                     Error packet A                Resend data
  whole packet
                                                                                                         Error packet A

                                      Lower efficiency                Packet A
        Packet A
                                      Longer time delay               missing data

                                                          Higher efficiency                               Packet A
                                                          Shorter time delay                              missing
                                      Packet A                                                            data


        Packet B                                                          Packet B                      Soft
                                                                                                        combination
                              HARQ phase I                                            HARQ phase II, III
                        (Resending is in RNC,R99)                              (Resending is in Node B, HSDPA)
HSDPA Theory


                             Key technology: Quick scheduling (1)
                                      HS-DPCCH (ACK/NACK and CQI)     Quick channel feedback

                                                                        HSDPA channel
1 TS = 2560 Chip
                                                                        feedback time delay
                                                                        is about 8.5 TS

  HS-SCCH                                                             HS-SCCH




            HS-PDSCH
                                                                         With quick channel
                                                                         feedback, HSDPA
 2 TS                   7.5 TS +/- 128 Chip                    N TS
                                                                         can suitably adjust
                        Channel feedback                                 coding rate, codes,
Standard     TTI (ms)                                Remark
                         time delay (ms)                                 modulation, etc. in
  R99           10        100 (at least)                                 time according to
                                              Supports continuous        the channel state
HSDPA           2              5.67           feedback, R5 also
                                              supports 10ms TTI
HSDPA Theory


             Key technology: Quick scheduling (2)
                                                                  Scheduling policy

                        Every user get equal service time, but the traffic
  Time fairness         maybe not equal, the fairest algorithm but has the
                        lowest traffic



                        Every user get the same traffic, but the time maybe
   Traffic fairness     not equal, has the lower utility of system resource
                        because it will schedule the UE with bad channel state




                        Only the user in best channel state (biggest C/I) will
      Max-C/I           get the service priority in each turn, the biggest traffic
                        but has the worst fairness




Proportional fairness   Weighted compromise of above algorithms and has
                        bigger system traffic and better service fairness


                                      UE1
HSDPA Theory


                                                                    Advantage of HSDPA
    Comparing item                            R99/R4                                    HSDPA

System capacity (Mbps)                         2.668                                      14.4

  Spectrum efficiency
                                               537.6                                     2795.2
   (Kbit/(MHz*Cell))

                                      Inter-frequency hard HO
                                       Intra-frequency soft HO
   System handover                                                                 Only hard handover
                                     Intra-frequency softer HO
                                      Inter-system HO (GSM)

                           Open loop, Close loop (Inner loop, Outer loop)   HS-PDSCH adopts slow PC or even
     Power control
                                       PC, Quick, Slow PC                          no power control

      Modulation                              QPSK                                   QPSK, 16QAM

                                                                            AMC, HARQ, Short TTI and Quick
Link adaptive technology              Quick PC and soft HO
                                                                                  channel feedback

        MAC-hs                                  N/A                               For faster scheduling

                 HSDPA                                                         R99/R4
       Provides various speed                                             Adjust power to
          with stable power                                           guarantee service speed
            (stable power,                                                 (stable speed,
          adjustable speed)                                              adjustable power)
Content


      Driver to HSDPA

      HSDPA Theory

      HSDPA Terminal and Commercial
      Situation

      HSDPA Solution
HSDPA Terminal and Commercial Situation


                        Terminal Changing caused by HSDPA
                                                                         UE changing




Powerful 3G terminals
                            Much more powerful, attractive HSDPA terminals
         faster processor
         larger memory
         advanced receive and process algorithm
         16QAM demodulation, multiple decoding
         MAC-hs process
         multiple codes
   HSDPA terminal, first choice for high-end commercial   application
HSDPA Terminal and Commercial Situation


                       HSDPA terminal category and capability
                                     HSDPA terminal




               HSDPA handset            HSDPA pc card                HSDPA PDA
                          Maximum      Minimal TTI   Maximum service speed
        UE category                                                          Modulation
                          channels       interval          (Mbps)
       Category 1-6          5            3-1              1.2~3.65
        Category 7          10             1                  7.2
                                                                                  QPSK
        Category 8          10             1                  7.2
                                                                                 16QAM
        Category 9          15             1                 10.12
        Category 10         15             1                 14.4
      Category 11-12         5             2                  1.8                QPSK


 Different UE supports various channels, minimal TTI and other parameters
 UE listed in Category 11 is in worst receive capability, Category 10 is the best
HSDPA Terminal and Commercial Situation


                                              HSDPA commercial process

 HSDPA standard has been determined
 HSDPA has adequate test instruments
 HSDPA technology has been tested in application
 Manufactures provide HSDPA commercial terminals in 2005
 USA, Japan and the other operators start the HSDPA network construction
 ZTE equipment are HSDPA ready


   Terminals
          2005 2Q, several manufacture promote HSDPA trial version terminal
          2005 4Q, promote commercial HSDPA terminal
   Operator to deploy HSDPA
          Cingular plan to deploy HSDPA in major city, 2006; till the end of 2006, to provide the
          HSDPA service in most part of metropolitans.
          NTT Docomo will deploy HSDPA in first quarter 2006; In UK, mmO2 will launch the
          service in fourth quarter 2005;in HK H3G will provide commercial service in first quarter
          2006
HSDPA Terminal and Commercial Situation


                 High data service brings new experience
 Adopt the HSDPA, operator can provide higher bandwidth service.
 To deploy new service.


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Content


      Driver to HSDPA

      HSDPA Theory

      HSDPA Terminal and Commercial
      Situation

      HSDPA Solution
HSDPA Solution


                                                                               Link budget for HSDPA
                                              HSDPA link budget                                R99/R4 link budget
                                      Mode1          Mode2             Mode3          CS12.2            CS64             PS384
         NodeB TX power          40            40                 40           27                 30                38
         Antenna gain            18            18                 18           18                 18                18
TX
         Cable loss              2             2                  2            2                  2                 2
         EIFR                    56            56                 56           43                 46                54
                 HSDPA can achieve-174 same coverage as-174
                        -174
         Thermal noise density     the        -174      R99/R4 under same data rate
                                                                  -174       -174
         Thermal noise           -108.157      -108.157           -108.157     -108.1566878       -108.1566878      -108.157
         Noise figure            5             5                  5            5                  5                 5
         Interference margin     3             3                  3            3                  3                 3
         Service rate            423           368                635          12.2               64                384
RX       Code number             5             4                  5            1                  1                 1
         Process gain            19.579909     10.18483           7.815575     24.9797            17.7815125        10
         Eb/No                   9             9                  9            7.2                7.1               6.4
         Rx sensibility          -100.737      -101.342           -98.9723     -117.9364017       -110.8382003      -103.757
         UE antenna gain         0             0                  0            0                  0                 0
         Body loss               0             0                  0            2                  0                 0
         Fast fading margin      0             0                  0            2                  2                 2
         Soft handover gain      0             0                  0            2                  2                 2
Others
         Fading deviation        8             8                  8            8                  8                 8
         Penetration loss        20            20                 20           20                 20                20
HSDPA Solution


                                                    Combination of HSDPA and R99/R4
                               10000

                               9000
                                                                                             HSDPA
                               8000                                                          R99 PS

                               7000
        DL Capability (kbps)




                               6000

                               5000

                               4000

                               3000

                               2000

                               1000

                                  0
                                      0   10   20    30   40      50     60        70   80      90    100
                                                          distance/cell_radius %


   HSDPA makes the balance between the coverage and the throughput, increase the coverage
    decrease the throughput.
   HSDPA provides about 200kbps in the edge of cell, Less than the R99/R4 DCH.
   Recommend to combine the HSDPA and R99/R4 DCH together, at the edge of cell UE can
    “handover” into DCH. With this combination, you can take the most advantage from R99/R4 and
    HSDPA.
HSDPA Solution


                                       Combination of HSDPA and R99/R4

        Num of HSDPA user   15


                            10


                             5


                             0
                              -2   0   2       4       6       8      10     12   14   16
                                           Available Num of SF16 for HSDPA
                            150
Num of R99 user




                            100


                            50


                             0
                              -2   0   2       4       6       8      10     12   14   16
                                           Available Num of SF16 for HSDPA
HSDPA Solution


                                          Combination of HSDPA and R99/R4



                              6



                              5
Cell Hsdpa Thoughput Mbit/s




                              4



                              3


                                                                    5 codes HSDPA only
                              2                                    10 codes HSDPA only
                                                                   15 codes HSDPA only

                              1



                              0
                                  0   2   4   6    8    10    12   14     16    18       20
                                                  HSDPA User Num
HSDPA Solution


                                          Combination of HSDPA and R99/R4

                                                   R99 Capability Loss
                         100


                         90


                         80
R99 User Num Percent %




                         70


                         60


                         50
                                      HSDPA heavy load
                                      HSDPA light load
                         40


                         30
                          -13   -12   -11     -10   -9    -8       -7    -6     -5   -4   -3
                                        Total HSDPA Power offset to BsTxPwer (dB)
HSDPA Solution


                                              Combination of HSDPA and R99/R4

                                                     R99 Capability Loss
                          100
                          6.5

                           6
                          90
                          5.5

                          80
                           5
R99 User Num Percent %
SectorThroughput Mbit/s




                          4.5
                           70
                           4
                                                                                   R99 N/A
                           60                                                      R99 36dBm
                          3.5
                                                                                   R99 38dBm
                                                                                   R99 40dBm
                           3
                          50

                          2.5            HSDPA heavy load
                                         HSDPA light load
                          40
                           2

                          1.5
                           30
                            -13
                              1   -12 2 -11     -10
                                                 3    -9 4   -8     5 -7   -66    -5   7 -4    -3
                                                                                                8
                                          Total HSDPA Power offset to BsTxPwer (dB)
                                                          User Num
HSDPA Solution


                               Combination of HSDPA and R99/R4


                    6



                    5
                                                              R99 Throughput
                                                              Hsdpa Throughput
                                                              Cell Throughput
                    4
Throughput Mbit/s




                    3



                    2



                    1



                    0
                     10   20   30   40    50     60     70    80   90     100    110
                                         R99 12.2k User Num
HSDPA Solution


                                                                           Combination of HSDPA and R99/R4

                           6

                          5.5

                           5
Hsdpa Throughput Mbit/s




                          4.5

                           4

                          3.5                                                                                           6

                           3
                                                                                                                       5.5

                          2.5
                                                            0 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users                                  5
                                                           20 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users
                           2




                                                                                              Cell Throughput Mbit/s
                                                           40 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users
                                                           60 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users                                 4.5
                          1.5
                             10   20   30       40         50       60       70          80
                                        Hsdpa Power/ Cell Tx Power %                                                    4


                                                                                                                       3.5


                                                                                                                        3
                                                                                                                                                      0 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users
                                                                                                                       2.5                            20 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users
                                                                                                                                                      40 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users
                                                                                                                                                      60 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users
                                                                                                                        2
                                                                                                                         10   20   30       40         50       60       70         80
                                                                                                                                    Hsdpa Power/ Cell Tx Power %
HSDPA Solution


                                                   ZTE HSDPA construction solution
    Network construction       Frequency point            Resource condition            Advantage and disadvantage       Recommended deployment
           plan                  assignment

                           F1: HSDPA+R99/R4       Less inter-frequency handover,        Advantage: easy to do            After the network
                                                  admission control, load control and   resource control                 construction finished, to
    Intra-frequency plan                          power control can be achieved                                          achieve the high demand of
                                                  within one same frequency cell.       Disadvantage: do not have        voice and PS downlink.
                           F2: HSDPA+R99/R4                                             user detail classification



                                                  Situation I: if HSDPA frequency       Advantage: voice user            With the development of 3G,
                                                  point support normal handset, all     +HSDPA users get good            to provide dedicated
                           F1: R99/R4             the resource have to be assigned      service                          frequency point for HSDPA
    Inter-frequency plan                          within various different frequency                                     PC card (only PS domain)
                                                  cells.                                Disadvantage: resource
                                                                                        control will be difficult in
                           F2: HSDPA              Situation II: HSDPA frequency         situation I, maybe some
                                                  point are only used for PC card,      frequency point resource will
                                                  resource management can be            be wasted at the beginning
                                                  achieved more easily.

                                                 Phase II :all the hot spot and
              Phase I :several hot spot,
                                                 several macro sites to deploy HSDPA
              and the important building
              to deploy HSDPA                                                                       HSDPA construction area

                                                                                                 f1                     f2                 f3
                                                                                            R99/R4+              R99/R4+              HSDPA
ZTE solution                                                                                HSDPA                HSDPA               (PC card)


                                                                                                                                        If necessary, use
                                                                                             Phase I, II
                                                                                             Phase III                                   a carrier only to
                                                                                                                                         support PS data
HSDPA Solution


                     Handover between HSDPA and R99/R4

    handover            motivation                           description
      policy

Handover based   The traffic load for       trigger handover while the traffic load of
on traffic       HSDPA and R99/R4           HSDPA cell is too heavy and the load of
                 has large difference.      R99/R4 cell is lower, or the traffic load of
                 Then we trigger the        different HSDPA cells are not in balance
                 handover

Handover based   According to the service   Low speed data service can be handled
on service       type and data rate to      with FACH, Streaming service can be
                 choose HSDPA or            handled with DCH; the rest high speed PS
                 R99/R4 network             data service or non-real time data service
                                            should be assigned to HSDPA
      Handover between HSDPA, R99/R4 and DCH/FACH channels,can
                 guarantee the service stability of HSDPA
HSDPA Solution


                  Network analysis for HSDPA and R99/R4

 After the 3G network construction, the basic demand of WCDMA network
  should adopt HSDPA function, with soft smooth upgrade ability
 HSDPA is not constructed as a individual network, HSDPA is a enhanced
  technology of WCDMA (throughput, users)
 Network construction and plan for R99 and HSDPA based on the “one-shot
  planning, multi-stage deployment”
 HSDPA and R99 share the same network, Node B supports HSDPA
  function
        At dense traffic area (capacity is restricted), HSDPA can share the
         same site of R99 and achieve the same coverage of it.

        Capacity and coverage is a balance relationship, increase the network
         performance to the maximum by making a balance between them.
HSDPA Solution


                                              HSDPA for major area
     Area type     Square (km2)    Erl

   Dense urban         91.5       3527

      Urban           179.78      4873

      Suburb          3000.5      2100

       total         3271.78      10500




                                                   Fully HSDPA
Major area                                         coverage for
 occupy
80% traffic                                         major area!


 Major area have
  no more than
 10% proportion
                                          Major area:dense urban + urban
HSDPA Solution


                                   HSDPA outdoor coverage
                                     Adaptive modulation
                                     Good channel state: 16QAM
                   AMC
                                     Adaptive coding rate
                                     Good channel state: 3/4
       Node B

HSDPA requires a good channel condition for high speed service:
 Good channel state
 Near to Node B

                    Micro Node B is more suitable for HSDPA




At beginning, HSDPA is suitable for micro Node B coverage of outdoor
                               hotspot
HSDPA Solution


                                                       HSDPA indoor coverage
HSDPA indoor coverage
 CBD (focus on)                                Pico
                                                B01
                                                 C
  Office, hotel, etc
  Shopping center, airport, etc                RRU
                                                B03
                                                 R
                                                 Power
                                                distributor
     the indices of indoor distributed
  components (like power distributor)           Fiber
 required by HSDPA and R99 are same,
So the existing indoor distributed system
      of R99/R4 is suitable for HSDPA           Twisted               Feeder
                                                 pair

 Concern of HSDPA indoor coverage
                                                Transm              Macro Node B
  Is the existing indoor distributed system     ission             or base band
   of R99/R4 suitable for HSDPA?                                        pool
                                                Macro Node B+Indoor distributed system




                                                                                          Solution
  Is capacity of the existing indoor           Macro Node B/base band pool+RRU+
   distributed system enough?Is the              Indoor distributed system
   transmission enough?                         Micro Node B+Indoor distributed system
                                                Pico
HSDPA Solution


                      HSDPA network planning case study
                              Planning Area: 30Km2
                              Subscribers: 80000


                                                 Number of sites        Site radius
                                                      (S111)

                                Existing R99            52                537m
                                 planning

Existing R99 sites


HSDPA planning        NE       Cost of NE      Total cost          Advantage

                      CN         Same
Planning the same                                              The capacity of PS
                      RNC       Add 5%
number of sites as                             Add 8%          increases 80 ~120%
                     Node B     Add 10%
     R99/R4
HSDPA Solution


                                         HSDPA transmission solution
HSDPA requires more transmission resource, because of the changing
of capacity of Node B and traffic mode
For capacity                                 For traffic mode
      R99 cell peak data rate:                      The PS traffic mode will change greatly,
       7×384Kbps=2.688Mbps                            more PS traffic will rush into HSDPA
                                                      system
      HSDPA cell peak data rate:
       15×960Kbps×3/4 = 10.8 Mbps
      Peak throughput of HSDPA cell is
           4 times as that of R99 cell
      Peak traffic of 3CS HSDPA Node B:
       10.8×3×1.3×80% = 32M

             Peak throughput of HSDPA cell is 4 times as that of R99 cell, and
              mean throughput of HSDPA cell is 2 times as that of R99 cell
             Consider both capacity and traffic mode, transmission resource of Iub
              at beginning should be reserved 4 times as before or at least 2 times
HSDPA Solution

                             ZTE serialized Node B support HSDPA
                                                    flexible update
                       Iub Interface                               Features
     Before HSDPA                          After HSDPA
        Update                                Update            Advanced design,HSDPA
                                                                 functions have been embedded
After HSDPA               Control
   Update
                                                Before HSDPA     into hardware.
                                                   Update
                                                                Just update software to support
                                                                 HSDPA functions.
    HSDPA Processor                 HSDPA Processor             No additional hardware is needed!


    DL Coder                    UL Decoder


    DL Base-band                UL Base-band




                      Mid-frequency
HSDPA Solution


                        ZTE Node B hardware support HSDPA
 HSDPA functions have already been embedded into ZTE serialized Node B
  hardware. The base-band processing chip supports 16QAM modulation. Only
  software update is needed for Node B to support HSDPA.

 Powerful base-band processing ability. For the case of updating the R99 cell into
  R99/HSDPA, no more base-band processing board is needed for Node B.

 As for RNC and CN, the introduction of HSDPA will only increase the data traffic
  which means only additional interface hardware resource are needed.




     ZTE Node B is designed based on the most advanced
     HSDPA technology in the world. It is absolutely ensured
     that to upgrade from R99 to HSDPA, no board is
     required to be changed! The base-band processing
     board also possesses a unique feature that is it
     supports the networking of HSDPA and R99 with either
     the same carrier or not!                                  The most advanced base band
                                                                  processing in the world!
HSDPA Solution


                      ZTE serialized Node B totally support HSDPA

   BBUA indoor/outdoor base-band pool: maximum processing capacity is up to 15CS
   B01C pico Node B: 1C1S configuration




                                                                    BBUB
         B01C                                       B09A
                                         B09
                             B06C
                                        B09 indoor macro: support up to 3C3S and 6CS RRU
                B03C/B03R
                                  B09A outdoor macro: support up to 3C3S and 6CS RRU
                             B06C/B03C indoor/outdoor micro: support up to 2C3S/3C1S.
                          B03R indoor/outdoor RRU: support up to 3C1S
HSDPA Solution


                                                             ZTE HSDPA Roadmap
                                                               HSDPA terminal,
  Version                                                      06/1Q test, 06/2Q
                                                               commercial

                                       HSDPA PC card,
                                       05/3Q test, 06/1Q
           Serialized Node B
                                       commercial
                                                                               R5
V4.5        hardware support                                                 HSDPA
            HSDPA
           Completed HSDPA                                                  Phase II
            trial system

                                                             R5
V4.0                                                       HSDPA
                                                           Phase I
V3.0                              R4                                        HSDPA commercial
                                                                                   phase II

                                          HSDPA commercial
                                              phase I
V2.0
               R99



             2003/2Q            2004/4Q                    2005/3Q             2006/1Q            Time
HSDPA Solution


                                          HSDPA PC card (MU330)


   Functions
      WCDMA 2.1GHz, GSM900/1800/1900
      WCDMA 384KDL/128KUL, GPRS Class 10
      SMS, Voice
      HSDPA
      ETSI AT command interface
      OS: Windows 2000, XP
      Language: Chinese, English, etc.
      3V SIM/USIM card
HSDPA Solution


                                           HSDPA handset (Q508)


   Functions
      WCDMA, GSM900/1800/1900
      WCDMA 384DL/128KUL, GPRS Class 10
      Voice, MMS, WAP, Email, JAVA, Download
      Video phone, Streaming media, PTT
      LCS (A-GPS)
      MP3/MPEG4
      Blue tooth/USB/mini-SD
      HSDPA

   Specs
      Dual camera (2000K pixels)
      Dual LCD: 260K colors
      Main LCD: 2.2”(240×320)
      MIDI: 72 chord
HSDPA Solution


                                              ZTE HSDPA solution conclusion

   ZTE serialized Node B is already hardware ready
    for downlink 14.4M, only software upgrade is          All the Node Bs support HSDPA
    needed

   ZTE RNC and CN, unified platform, 80G switching
    capability, high integration, high capacity, smooth
    evolution, to ensure the deployment of HSDPA

   HSDPA can share carrier with R99/R4, or use a
    exclusive carrier

   Support handover between HSDPA, R99/R4 and
    2G

   Support simultaneous service of HSDPA and voice
    (or video telephony)

   Support at least 64 users per cell

   HSDPA can share base band board with R99/R4
Exercise


   pls describe the differentia of HSDPA and R4.

   HSDPA introduce new physical channels, they are (      )
    (    )(    ).

   pls describe the key technology of AMC

   pls describe the key technology of HARQ.

   pls write down the main quick scheduling methods.
Zte hsdpa

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Zte hsdpa

  • 1. HSDPA Technology ZTE University TD&W&PCS BSS Course Team
  • 2. Content Driver to HSDPA HSDPA Theory HSDPA Terminal and Commercial Situation HSDPA Solution
  • 3. Driver to HSDPA Competition to operator 2.5G  GPRS: 9.05 -171.2kbit/s, Service deployment is bad  CDMA2000 1x: 153.6kbit/s, Service deployment is good 3G CDMA 1x EV-DO: 2.4Mbit/s WCDMA R99/R4: 2Mbit/s R99 Introduce HSDPA Peak data rate (Kbps) to WCDMA Mean data rate (Kbps)
  • 4. Driver to HSDPA The driver to HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access  HSDPA is a new technology to enhance WCDMA PS data service  HSDPA gives subscribers new experience of more higher speed data service with shorter time delay  HSDPA brings more bandwidth and more online subscribers  It is necessary and feasible to introduce HSDPA to WCDMA network  With consideration of network planning and deployment cost, HSDPA should be applied at the beginning, or at least the Node B should hardware ready for HSDPA  HSDPA brings new requirement of transmission and network planning. Pay more attention to it
  • 5. Driver to HSDPA HSDPA, Mature technology 2002.6 R5 released 2003.6 HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) was added into R5 HSDPA --Max. downlink data rate: 14.4Mbps HSDPA is smoothly evolved from WCDMA R99 without any big effect to the existing R99 network  1 new transport channel: HS-DSCH  3 new physical channels:HS-PDSCH, HS-SCCH and HS-DPCCH  MAC-hs sub-layer, HARQ (Fast Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest), Fast Scheduling and AMC (Adaptive Modulation and Coding)
  • 6. Driver to HSDPA Competition advantage of HSDPA Standard Data rate (Mbps) Subscribers per cell 31×PS64k, 15×PS128k or 7×PS384k WCDMA R99/R4 2M (SF=32, SF=16 or SF=8) 64 HSDPA 14.4 (117.7kbps per user, SF=16, R=3/4, 16QAM) 59 CDMA2000 1x EV- 2.4 (only tens of kbps, 200kbps when 8 DO users is configured) HSDPA supports more users while provides higher data rate!
  • 7. Driver to HSDPA Perspective of HSDPA application Higher data rate More users Richer service Obvious advantage to compete with HSDPA handset other 3G technology like CDMA2000 HSDPA coverage HSDPA Modem HSDPA Modem HSDPA fixed terminal Flexible access HSPDA data card HSDPA data card HSDPA PDA WCDMA R99/R4 coverage Mixed with WMAN (WiMAX) HSDPA PDA and WLAN (Wi-Fi), more advantage of broadband wireless access HSDPA, roundly improves the value of WCDMA network
  • 8. Content Driver to HSDPA HSDPA Theory HSDPA Terminal and Commercial Situation HSDPA Solution
  • 9. HSDPA Theory Evolve from R99/R4 to HSDPA RLC RLC UE UTRAN MAC MAC-d MAC HS-DSCH DSCH HS-DSCH DSCH (add FP FP FP FP MAC-hs) MAC-hs L2 L2 PHY PHY PHY PHY L1 L1 (add (add 3 process) channels) Uu Iub/ Iur RNC, Node B: add HS-DSCH FP protocol process, involve Iub/Iur Node B: add MAC-hs, responsible for AMC, HARQ, etc. Node B: add 3 physical channels: HS-PDSCH,HS-SCCH,HS-DPCCH UE: add MAC-hs, physical channels and process, modulation
  • 10. HSDPA Theory New physical channels of HSDPA DCCH(信令)+UL DTCH(PS业务) DPCH HS-PDSCH UE UTRAN HS-SCCH CN HS-DPCCH DL DTCH (PS业务) R99 channel HSDPA channel  HS-PDSCH is the bearer of HS-DSCH, transfer HSDPA user data (downlink) 2ms TTI, 3 slots, spread factor is fixed to 16, multiple users & multiple codes, modulation method: QPSK and 16QAM  HS-SCCH bears information of HS-DSCH such as UE specialized mask code, modulation and coding policy, etc. (downlink) 2ms TTI, 3 slots, spread factor is fixed to 128  HS-DPCCH bears feedback information of HS-PDSCH such as Channel Quality Indication (CQI), H-ARQ confirm information ACK/NACK, etc. (uplink) 2ms TTI, 3 slots, spread factor is fixed to 256
  • 11. HSDPA Theory HSDPA working procedure ②Evaluation, HS-DSCH parameters setting Data Packet ④Receive data from HS-DSCH according to Detecting HS-SCCH Node B RNC (AMC and HARQ)  AMC, modulation and coding selection  HARQ, lowers the time delay, improves the data throughput  Fast scheduling, quick decision
  • 12. HSDPA Theory Key technology: AMC (1)  Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC), Node B can adjust modulation (QPSK, 16QAM) and coding rate (1/3, 3/4, etc) in time according to the feedback channel state from UE. So data transferring can follow the step of channel state changing in time, it is a good technology for link self-adaptive  For long time delay packet data, AMC can improve system Standard AMC Remark capacity without add R99/R4 N Quick power control interference to neighbor cells HSDPA Y Satisfy 15dB SIR dynamic range
  • 13. HSDPA Theory Key technology: AMC (2) Modulation (QPSK, 16QAM) self-adaptive Good channel state: 16QAM CQI (Report periodically) Bad channel state: QPSK Coding rate (1/3, 3/4, etc.) self-adaptive Good channel state: 3/4 Node B Bad channel state: 1/3 Efficiently utilize the channel condition Good channel state: higher speed Codes adjusting Bad channel state: lower speed Good channel state: more codes Bad channel state: fewer codes
  • 14. HSDPA Theory Key technology: AMC (3) HSDPA, R99/R4 channel bearing ability comparison 16QAM and higher coding rate Standard Data rate (kbps) SF Modulation Coding rate R99/R4 384 8 QPSK 1/2 HSDPA 720 16 16QAM 3/4  HSDPA, the service bearing ability of one channel is further larger than R99/R4 by using more efficient modulation and coding rate, while SF is twice as R99/R4  As using bigger SF, system can support more users
  • 15. HSDPA Theory Key technology: AMC (4) Multiple coding rates HSDPA throughput, relative with modulation & coding rate Modulation coding Data rate Data rate Data rate rate (1 code) (5 codes) (15 codes) QPSK 1/4 120kbps 600kbps 1.8Mbps QPSK 1/2 240kbps 1.2Mbps 3.6Mbps QPSK 3/4 360kbps 1.8Mbps 5.4Mbps 16QAM 1/2 480kbps 2.4Mbps 7.2Mbps 16QAM 3/4 720kbps 3.6Mbps 10.8Mbps  HSDPA can provide data rate per user up to 10.8Mbps (16QAM, 3/4) by AMC and multiple codes technology  In the situation of high speed, HSDPA requires high channel condition
  • 16. HSDPA Theory Key technology: HARQ (1) Standard HARQ Remark FEC is in high layer R99/R4 N ARQ is in RLC layer, channel feedback is slow HSDPA Y Includes physical layer HARQ and HARQ entity in MAC-hs  Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) is a MAC-hs combined technology with Forward Error HARQ Correction (FEC) and Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ)  HARQ can provide flexible and subtle adjustment TFRC for its process by cooperated with AMC L2 L1 L1 HARQ
  • 17. HSDPA Theory Key technology: HARQ (2) Advantage: improve transferring reliability F Disadvantage: lower utilization in bad E H channel state Combine FEC and ARQ, each C A sending packet includes error Advantage: good performance in A R detection bit and error correction bit lower Bit Error Rate (BER) R Q Disadvantage: bad performance in high BER Q Send Receive Send Receive Packet A Packet A Discard Reserve Resend Error packet A Resend data whole packet Error packet A Lower efficiency Packet A Packet A Longer time delay missing data Higher efficiency Packet A Shorter time delay missing Packet A data Packet B Packet B Soft combination HARQ phase I HARQ phase II, III (Resending is in RNC,R99) (Resending is in Node B, HSDPA)
  • 18. HSDPA Theory Key technology: Quick scheduling (1) HS-DPCCH (ACK/NACK and CQI) Quick channel feedback HSDPA channel 1 TS = 2560 Chip feedback time delay is about 8.5 TS HS-SCCH HS-SCCH HS-PDSCH With quick channel feedback, HSDPA 2 TS 7.5 TS +/- 128 Chip N TS can suitably adjust Channel feedback coding rate, codes, Standard TTI (ms) Remark time delay (ms) modulation, etc. in R99 10 100 (at least) time according to Supports continuous the channel state HSDPA 2 5.67 feedback, R5 also supports 10ms TTI
  • 19. HSDPA Theory Key technology: Quick scheduling (2) Scheduling policy Every user get equal service time, but the traffic Time fairness maybe not equal, the fairest algorithm but has the lowest traffic Every user get the same traffic, but the time maybe Traffic fairness not equal, has the lower utility of system resource because it will schedule the UE with bad channel state Only the user in best channel state (biggest C/I) will Max-C/I get the service priority in each turn, the biggest traffic but has the worst fairness Proportional fairness Weighted compromise of above algorithms and has bigger system traffic and better service fairness UE1
  • 20. HSDPA Theory Advantage of HSDPA Comparing item R99/R4 HSDPA System capacity (Mbps) 2.668 14.4 Spectrum efficiency 537.6 2795.2 (Kbit/(MHz*Cell)) Inter-frequency hard HO Intra-frequency soft HO System handover Only hard handover Intra-frequency softer HO Inter-system HO (GSM) Open loop, Close loop (Inner loop, Outer loop) HS-PDSCH adopts slow PC or even Power control PC, Quick, Slow PC no power control Modulation QPSK QPSK, 16QAM AMC, HARQ, Short TTI and Quick Link adaptive technology Quick PC and soft HO channel feedback MAC-hs N/A For faster scheduling HSDPA R99/R4 Provides various speed Adjust power to with stable power guarantee service speed (stable power, (stable speed, adjustable speed) adjustable power)
  • 21. Content Driver to HSDPA HSDPA Theory HSDPA Terminal and Commercial Situation HSDPA Solution
  • 22. HSDPA Terminal and Commercial Situation Terminal Changing caused by HSDPA UE changing Powerful 3G terminals Much more powerful, attractive HSDPA terminals  faster processor  larger memory  advanced receive and process algorithm  16QAM demodulation, multiple decoding  MAC-hs process  multiple codes HSDPA terminal, first choice for high-end commercial application
  • 23. HSDPA Terminal and Commercial Situation HSDPA terminal category and capability HSDPA terminal HSDPA handset HSDPA pc card HSDPA PDA Maximum Minimal TTI Maximum service speed UE category Modulation channels interval (Mbps) Category 1-6 5 3-1 1.2~3.65 Category 7 10 1 7.2 QPSK Category 8 10 1 7.2 16QAM Category 9 15 1 10.12 Category 10 15 1 14.4 Category 11-12 5 2 1.8 QPSK  Different UE supports various channels, minimal TTI and other parameters  UE listed in Category 11 is in worst receive capability, Category 10 is the best
  • 24. HSDPA Terminal and Commercial Situation HSDPA commercial process  HSDPA standard has been determined  HSDPA has adequate test instruments  HSDPA technology has been tested in application  Manufactures provide HSDPA commercial terminals in 2005  USA, Japan and the other operators start the HSDPA network construction  ZTE equipment are HSDPA ready  Terminals 2005 2Q, several manufacture promote HSDPA trial version terminal 2005 4Q, promote commercial HSDPA terminal  Operator to deploy HSDPA Cingular plan to deploy HSDPA in major city, 2006; till the end of 2006, to provide the HSDPA service in most part of metropolitans. NTT Docomo will deploy HSDPA in first quarter 2006; In UK, mmO2 will launch the service in fourth quarter 2005;in HK H3G will provide commercial service in first quarter 2006
  • 25. HSDPA Terminal and Commercial Situation High data service brings new experience  Adopt the HSDPA, operator can provide higher bandwidth service.  To deploy new service. Colorful email Multi-access 这家餐厅好像不错 是啊, 明天去吧 Multimedia Download Cartoon mail NEWS MOVIE MUSIC
  • 26. Content Driver to HSDPA HSDPA Theory HSDPA Terminal and Commercial Situation HSDPA Solution
  • 27. HSDPA Solution Link budget for HSDPA HSDPA link budget R99/R4 link budget Mode1 Mode2 Mode3 CS12.2 CS64 PS384 NodeB TX power 40 40 40 27 30 38 Antenna gain 18 18 18 18 18 18 TX Cable loss 2 2 2 2 2 2 EIFR 56 56 56 43 46 54 HSDPA can achieve-174 same coverage as-174 -174 Thermal noise density the -174 R99/R4 under same data rate -174 -174 Thermal noise -108.157 -108.157 -108.157 -108.1566878 -108.1566878 -108.157 Noise figure 5 5 5 5 5 5 Interference margin 3 3 3 3 3 3 Service rate 423 368 635 12.2 64 384 RX Code number 5 4 5 1 1 1 Process gain 19.579909 10.18483 7.815575 24.9797 17.7815125 10 Eb/No 9 9 9 7.2 7.1 6.4 Rx sensibility -100.737 -101.342 -98.9723 -117.9364017 -110.8382003 -103.757 UE antenna gain 0 0 0 0 0 0 Body loss 0 0 0 2 0 0 Fast fading margin 0 0 0 2 2 2 Soft handover gain 0 0 0 2 2 2 Others Fading deviation 8 8 8 8 8 8 Penetration loss 20 20 20 20 20 20
  • 28. HSDPA Solution Combination of HSDPA and R99/R4 10000 9000 HSDPA 8000 R99 PS 7000 DL Capability (kbps) 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 distance/cell_radius %  HSDPA makes the balance between the coverage and the throughput, increase the coverage decrease the throughput.  HSDPA provides about 200kbps in the edge of cell, Less than the R99/R4 DCH.  Recommend to combine the HSDPA and R99/R4 DCH together, at the edge of cell UE can “handover” into DCH. With this combination, you can take the most advantage from R99/R4 and HSDPA.
  • 29. HSDPA Solution Combination of HSDPA and R99/R4 Num of HSDPA user 15 10 5 0 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Available Num of SF16 for HSDPA 150 Num of R99 user 100 50 0 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Available Num of SF16 for HSDPA
  • 30. HSDPA Solution Combination of HSDPA and R99/R4 6 5 Cell Hsdpa Thoughput Mbit/s 4 3 5 codes HSDPA only 2 10 codes HSDPA only 15 codes HSDPA only 1 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 HSDPA User Num
  • 31. HSDPA Solution Combination of HSDPA and R99/R4 R99 Capability Loss 100 90 80 R99 User Num Percent % 70 60 50 HSDPA heavy load HSDPA light load 40 30 -13 -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 Total HSDPA Power offset to BsTxPwer (dB)
  • 32. HSDPA Solution Combination of HSDPA and R99/R4 R99 Capability Loss 100 6.5 6 90 5.5 80 5 R99 User Num Percent % SectorThroughput Mbit/s 4.5 70 4 R99 N/A 60 R99 36dBm 3.5 R99 38dBm R99 40dBm 3 50 2.5 HSDPA heavy load HSDPA light load 40 2 1.5 30 -13 1 -12 2 -11 -10 3 -9 4 -8 5 -7 -66 -5 7 -4 -3 8 Total HSDPA Power offset to BsTxPwer (dB) User Num
  • 33. HSDPA Solution Combination of HSDPA and R99/R4 6 5 R99 Throughput Hsdpa Throughput Cell Throughput 4 Throughput Mbit/s 3 2 1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 R99 12.2k User Num
  • 34. HSDPA Solution Combination of HSDPA and R99/R4 6 5.5 5 Hsdpa Throughput Mbit/s 4.5 4 3.5 6 3 5.5 2.5 0 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 5 20 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 2 Cell Throughput Mbit/s 40 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 60 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 4.5 1.5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Hsdpa Power/ Cell Tx Power % 4 3.5 3 0 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 2.5 20 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 40 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 60 R99 Users;10 Hsdpa Users 2 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Hsdpa Power/ Cell Tx Power %
  • 35. HSDPA Solution ZTE HSDPA construction solution Network construction Frequency point Resource condition Advantage and disadvantage Recommended deployment plan assignment F1: HSDPA+R99/R4 Less inter-frequency handover, Advantage: easy to do After the network admission control, load control and resource control construction finished, to Intra-frequency plan power control can be achieved achieve the high demand of within one same frequency cell. Disadvantage: do not have voice and PS downlink. F2: HSDPA+R99/R4 user detail classification Situation I: if HSDPA frequency Advantage: voice user With the development of 3G, point support normal handset, all +HSDPA users get good to provide dedicated F1: R99/R4 the resource have to be assigned service frequency point for HSDPA Inter-frequency plan within various different frequency PC card (only PS domain) cells. Disadvantage: resource control will be difficult in F2: HSDPA Situation II: HSDPA frequency situation I, maybe some point are only used for PC card, frequency point resource will resource management can be be wasted at the beginning achieved more easily. Phase II :all the hot spot and Phase I :several hot spot, several macro sites to deploy HSDPA and the important building to deploy HSDPA HSDPA construction area f1 f2 f3 R99/R4+ R99/R4+ HSDPA ZTE solution HSDPA HSDPA (PC card) If necessary, use Phase I, II Phase III a carrier only to support PS data
  • 36. HSDPA Solution Handover between HSDPA and R99/R4 handover motivation description policy Handover based The traffic load for trigger handover while the traffic load of on traffic HSDPA and R99/R4 HSDPA cell is too heavy and the load of has large difference. R99/R4 cell is lower, or the traffic load of Then we trigger the different HSDPA cells are not in balance handover Handover based According to the service Low speed data service can be handled on service type and data rate to with FACH, Streaming service can be choose HSDPA or handled with DCH; the rest high speed PS R99/R4 network data service or non-real time data service should be assigned to HSDPA Handover between HSDPA, R99/R4 and DCH/FACH channels,can guarantee the service stability of HSDPA
  • 37. HSDPA Solution Network analysis for HSDPA and R99/R4  After the 3G network construction, the basic demand of WCDMA network should adopt HSDPA function, with soft smooth upgrade ability  HSDPA is not constructed as a individual network, HSDPA is a enhanced technology of WCDMA (throughput, users)  Network construction and plan for R99 and HSDPA based on the “one-shot planning, multi-stage deployment”  HSDPA and R99 share the same network, Node B supports HSDPA function  At dense traffic area (capacity is restricted), HSDPA can share the same site of R99 and achieve the same coverage of it.  Capacity and coverage is a balance relationship, increase the network performance to the maximum by making a balance between them.
  • 38. HSDPA Solution HSDPA for major area Area type Square (km2) Erl Dense urban 91.5 3527 Urban 179.78 4873 Suburb 3000.5 2100 total 3271.78 10500 Fully HSDPA Major area coverage for occupy 80% traffic major area! Major area have no more than 10% proportion Major area:dense urban + urban
  • 39. HSDPA Solution HSDPA outdoor coverage Adaptive modulation Good channel state: 16QAM AMC Adaptive coding rate Good channel state: 3/4 Node B HSDPA requires a good channel condition for high speed service:  Good channel state  Near to Node B Micro Node B is more suitable for HSDPA At beginning, HSDPA is suitable for micro Node B coverage of outdoor hotspot
  • 40. HSDPA Solution HSDPA indoor coverage HSDPA indoor coverage  CBD (focus on) Pico B01 C  Office, hotel, etc  Shopping center, airport, etc RRU B03 R Power distributor the indices of indoor distributed components (like power distributor) Fiber required by HSDPA and R99 are same, So the existing indoor distributed system of R99/R4 is suitable for HSDPA Twisted Feeder pair  Concern of HSDPA indoor coverage Transm Macro Node B  Is the existing indoor distributed system ission or base band of R99/R4 suitable for HSDPA? pool  Macro Node B+Indoor distributed system Solution  Is capacity of the existing indoor  Macro Node B/base band pool+RRU+ distributed system enough?Is the Indoor distributed system transmission enough?  Micro Node B+Indoor distributed system  Pico
  • 41. HSDPA Solution HSDPA network planning case study Planning Area: 30Km2 Subscribers: 80000 Number of sites Site radius (S111) Existing R99 52 537m planning Existing R99 sites HSDPA planning NE Cost of NE Total cost Advantage CN Same Planning the same The capacity of PS RNC Add 5% number of sites as Add 8% increases 80 ~120% Node B Add 10% R99/R4
  • 42. HSDPA Solution HSDPA transmission solution HSDPA requires more transmission resource, because of the changing of capacity of Node B and traffic mode For capacity For traffic mode  R99 cell peak data rate:  The PS traffic mode will change greatly, 7×384Kbps=2.688Mbps more PS traffic will rush into HSDPA system  HSDPA cell peak data rate: 15×960Kbps×3/4 = 10.8 Mbps  Peak throughput of HSDPA cell is 4 times as that of R99 cell  Peak traffic of 3CS HSDPA Node B: 10.8×3×1.3×80% = 32M  Peak throughput of HSDPA cell is 4 times as that of R99 cell, and mean throughput of HSDPA cell is 2 times as that of R99 cell  Consider both capacity and traffic mode, transmission resource of Iub at beginning should be reserved 4 times as before or at least 2 times
  • 43. HSDPA Solution ZTE serialized Node B support HSDPA flexible update Iub Interface Features Before HSDPA After HSDPA Update Update  Advanced design,HSDPA functions have been embedded After HSDPA Control Update Before HSDPA into hardware. Update  Just update software to support HSDPA functions. HSDPA Processor HSDPA Processor  No additional hardware is needed! DL Coder UL Decoder DL Base-band UL Base-band Mid-frequency
  • 44. HSDPA Solution ZTE Node B hardware support HSDPA  HSDPA functions have already been embedded into ZTE serialized Node B hardware. The base-band processing chip supports 16QAM modulation. Only software update is needed for Node B to support HSDPA.  Powerful base-band processing ability. For the case of updating the R99 cell into R99/HSDPA, no more base-band processing board is needed for Node B.  As for RNC and CN, the introduction of HSDPA will only increase the data traffic which means only additional interface hardware resource are needed. ZTE Node B is designed based on the most advanced HSDPA technology in the world. It is absolutely ensured that to upgrade from R99 to HSDPA, no board is required to be changed! The base-band processing board also possesses a unique feature that is it supports the networking of HSDPA and R99 with either the same carrier or not! The most advanced base band processing in the world!
  • 45. HSDPA Solution ZTE serialized Node B totally support HSDPA  BBUA indoor/outdoor base-band pool: maximum processing capacity is up to 15CS  B01C pico Node B: 1C1S configuration BBUB B01C B09A B09 B06C  B09 indoor macro: support up to 3C3S and 6CS RRU B03C/B03R  B09A outdoor macro: support up to 3C3S and 6CS RRU  B06C/B03C indoor/outdoor micro: support up to 2C3S/3C1S.  B03R indoor/outdoor RRU: support up to 3C1S
  • 46. HSDPA Solution ZTE HSDPA Roadmap HSDPA terminal, Version 06/1Q test, 06/2Q commercial HSDPA PC card, 05/3Q test, 06/1Q  Serialized Node B commercial R5 V4.5 hardware support HSDPA HSDPA  Completed HSDPA Phase II trial system R5 V4.0 HSDPA Phase I V3.0 R4 HSDPA commercial phase II HSDPA commercial phase I V2.0 R99 2003/2Q 2004/4Q 2005/3Q 2006/1Q Time
  • 47. HSDPA Solution HSDPA PC card (MU330)  Functions  WCDMA 2.1GHz, GSM900/1800/1900  WCDMA 384KDL/128KUL, GPRS Class 10  SMS, Voice  HSDPA  ETSI AT command interface  OS: Windows 2000, XP  Language: Chinese, English, etc.  3V SIM/USIM card
  • 48. HSDPA Solution HSDPA handset (Q508)  Functions  WCDMA, GSM900/1800/1900  WCDMA 384DL/128KUL, GPRS Class 10  Voice, MMS, WAP, Email, JAVA, Download  Video phone, Streaming media, PTT  LCS (A-GPS)  MP3/MPEG4  Blue tooth/USB/mini-SD  HSDPA  Specs  Dual camera (2000K pixels)  Dual LCD: 260K colors  Main LCD: 2.2”(240×320)  MIDI: 72 chord
  • 49. HSDPA Solution ZTE HSDPA solution conclusion  ZTE serialized Node B is already hardware ready for downlink 14.4M, only software upgrade is All the Node Bs support HSDPA needed  ZTE RNC and CN, unified platform, 80G switching capability, high integration, high capacity, smooth evolution, to ensure the deployment of HSDPA  HSDPA can share carrier with R99/R4, or use a exclusive carrier  Support handover between HSDPA, R99/R4 and 2G  Support simultaneous service of HSDPA and voice (or video telephony)  Support at least 64 users per cell  HSDPA can share base band board with R99/R4
  • 50. Exercise  pls describe the differentia of HSDPA and R4.  HSDPA introduce new physical channels, they are ( ) ( )( ).  pls describe the key technology of AMC  pls describe the key technology of HARQ.  pls write down the main quick scheduling methods.