Mechanical behaviour of cement mortar & concrete for application of nano ...Mainak Ghosal
The document discusses research on improving cement and concrete properties through the addition of nano-materials like nano-silica, carbon nanotubes, and titanium dioxide. Testing of cement mortar cubes and M40 grade concrete found that the addition of 0.75% nano-silica increased the 28-day compressive strength of mortar by 32.55% while 0.02% carbon nanotubes increased the strength of concrete by 36% at 28 days. The optimum dosages identified through mortar testing - 0.75% nano-silica, 0.02% carbon nanotubes, and 1% titanium dioxide - also improved the strengths of concrete mixtures. Further microstructural characterization is needed to better understand the
Waterproofing building work procedure - type, advantages, precautionsAkshayKamble94
The document discusses the procedure for waterproofing buildings, including the materials and tools required. Some key points:
- Waterproofing maintains the appearance of buildings and increases the lifespan of structures by preventing leakages, which often begin as structures age and develop cracks.
- Proper material selection and workmanship are important for effective waterproofing. The document outlines the various stages and checking methods.
- Common materials used include cement, sand, metal chips, brick bats, waterproofing chemicals, and color pigments. It also lists the various tools used in the waterproofing process.
The document discusses reducing defects in castings through optimizing the gating system. It identifies six common defects caused by issues like gas porosity, shrinkage, mold material problems, metallurgical issues, pouring issues, and casting shape mismatches. Potential solutions within the gating system are proposed, like improving venting, designing risers, and modifying mold properties. Factors that optimization depends on include metal properties, casting method, mold material, pattern complexity, gating design, and flow velocity. Suggested measures to address defects include redesigning down-sprue systems and adding prolonged runners, vortex gates, spin traps, and trident gates. Advantages of innovations include reducing flow velocity and capturing gases and inclusions
Dr. Shagufta Khan presented on understanding end grain corrosion in austenitic stainless steels. End grain corrosion occurs preferentially at grain boundaries and is caused by segregation of elements like silicon and phosphorus along the boundaries. It is a problem in nuclear reprocessing plants where stainless steel tubing is exposed to highly oxidizing nitric acid. Laser remelting and weld overlays can be used to control end grain corrosion by modifying the microstructure and masking susceptible material, while solution annealing homogenizes the material's structure.
Study of strength properties of concrete by using micro silica and nano silicaeSAT Publishing House
This document summarizes a study on the strength properties of concrete with the addition of micro silica and nano silica. The study tested the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of M40 and M50 grade concrete with various replacements of cement by micro silica (5-15%) and nano silica (1-2.5%). The results showed that concrete composites with superior strength properties can be produced using micro silica, nano silica, or a combination of both materials.
Behavioural Investigation on the use of Nanosilica as An Additive in ConcreteIDES Editor
Influence of Nano science in the Civil Engineering
industry outbreaks significant solutions for numerous
unidentified blending of materials evolve from a Nano product,
which can create gigantic changes in the world of Concrete
both technically and economically. The Significance of
Nanosilica as an additive in my experimental research
congeals the behaviour of Concrete considerably. Essential
manipulations are carried out here by using a distinctive
methodology and by conducting various tests to innovate a
better performance concrete thereby found the enhancement
of its property. Nano silica as an additive in added mainly to
fill up the deviation arises with the addition of flyash, which
consequently deviates the strength after its initial setting
period. “Ref. [3]” This presence of Nanosilica constructs the
silica (S) in the sand, which ultimately reacts with calcium
hydrate (CH) in the cement at Nano scale to form C-S-H
bond as its improve the strengthening factor of concrete, which
are in turn helpful in the achieving high compressive strength
even in early days. Here the addition of Nanosilica are done
partially with an previously fly ash replaced concrete in a
gradual basis, as the comparative results of a Fly ash concrete
and Fly ash with Nanosilica added concrete are tested
experimentally. The flexural behaviour of the Nano concrete
found to be imperative part as analyzed from the Beam Column
joint test setup. It has been clearly concluded in the results
identified along with the ductility behaviour and the Load vs.
Deflection analysis done for the specimen casted. The standard
types of toughness test are carried out, which generated data
under specific loading conditions with respect to their
component design approaches. Also an overview on the
experimental tests conducted in relation with the strength
and durability of concrete were presented under the influence
of Nanosilica in concrete.
Increase the wear resistance of stainless steel through nitriding solutions. The thin film plasma nitriding equipment use vacuum process for modification of surfaces.
The document describes the fabrication of thin films using a modified physical vapor deposition (PVD) module. Titanium dioxide and aluminum thin films were deposited on silicon substrates. The process involved evaporating the materials in a vacuum chamber using a tungsten boat. Samples were characterized using optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and I-V testing. The results showed that the surface morphology and thickness of the thin films changed with increasing evaporation time. Optical microscopy images showed different surface structures after 1, 5, and 15 minutes of evaporation. Atomic force microscopy revealed the topography, thickness, and roughness of the titanium dioxide and aluminum thin films.
Mechanical behaviour of cement mortar & concrete for application of nano ...Mainak Ghosal
The document discusses research on improving cement and concrete properties through the addition of nano-materials like nano-silica, carbon nanotubes, and titanium dioxide. Testing of cement mortar cubes and M40 grade concrete found that the addition of 0.75% nano-silica increased the 28-day compressive strength of mortar by 32.55% while 0.02% carbon nanotubes increased the strength of concrete by 36% at 28 days. The optimum dosages identified through mortar testing - 0.75% nano-silica, 0.02% carbon nanotubes, and 1% titanium dioxide - also improved the strengths of concrete mixtures. Further microstructural characterization is needed to better understand the
Waterproofing building work procedure - type, advantages, precautionsAkshayKamble94
The document discusses the procedure for waterproofing buildings, including the materials and tools required. Some key points:
- Waterproofing maintains the appearance of buildings and increases the lifespan of structures by preventing leakages, which often begin as structures age and develop cracks.
- Proper material selection and workmanship are important for effective waterproofing. The document outlines the various stages and checking methods.
- Common materials used include cement, sand, metal chips, brick bats, waterproofing chemicals, and color pigments. It also lists the various tools used in the waterproofing process.
The document discusses reducing defects in castings through optimizing the gating system. It identifies six common defects caused by issues like gas porosity, shrinkage, mold material problems, metallurgical issues, pouring issues, and casting shape mismatches. Potential solutions within the gating system are proposed, like improving venting, designing risers, and modifying mold properties. Factors that optimization depends on include metal properties, casting method, mold material, pattern complexity, gating design, and flow velocity. Suggested measures to address defects include redesigning down-sprue systems and adding prolonged runners, vortex gates, spin traps, and trident gates. Advantages of innovations include reducing flow velocity and capturing gases and inclusions
Dr. Shagufta Khan presented on understanding end grain corrosion in austenitic stainless steels. End grain corrosion occurs preferentially at grain boundaries and is caused by segregation of elements like silicon and phosphorus along the boundaries. It is a problem in nuclear reprocessing plants where stainless steel tubing is exposed to highly oxidizing nitric acid. Laser remelting and weld overlays can be used to control end grain corrosion by modifying the microstructure and masking susceptible material, while solution annealing homogenizes the material's structure.
Study of strength properties of concrete by using micro silica and nano silicaeSAT Publishing House
This document summarizes a study on the strength properties of concrete with the addition of micro silica and nano silica. The study tested the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of M40 and M50 grade concrete with various replacements of cement by micro silica (5-15%) and nano silica (1-2.5%). The results showed that concrete composites with superior strength properties can be produced using micro silica, nano silica, or a combination of both materials.
Behavioural Investigation on the use of Nanosilica as An Additive in ConcreteIDES Editor
Influence of Nano science in the Civil Engineering
industry outbreaks significant solutions for numerous
unidentified blending of materials evolve from a Nano product,
which can create gigantic changes in the world of Concrete
both technically and economically. The Significance of
Nanosilica as an additive in my experimental research
congeals the behaviour of Concrete considerably. Essential
manipulations are carried out here by using a distinctive
methodology and by conducting various tests to innovate a
better performance concrete thereby found the enhancement
of its property. Nano silica as an additive in added mainly to
fill up the deviation arises with the addition of flyash, which
consequently deviates the strength after its initial setting
period. “Ref. [3]” This presence of Nanosilica constructs the
silica (S) in the sand, which ultimately reacts with calcium
hydrate (CH) in the cement at Nano scale to form C-S-H
bond as its improve the strengthening factor of concrete, which
are in turn helpful in the achieving high compressive strength
even in early days. Here the addition of Nanosilica are done
partially with an previously fly ash replaced concrete in a
gradual basis, as the comparative results of a Fly ash concrete
and Fly ash with Nanosilica added concrete are tested
experimentally. The flexural behaviour of the Nano concrete
found to be imperative part as analyzed from the Beam Column
joint test setup. It has been clearly concluded in the results
identified along with the ductility behaviour and the Load vs.
Deflection analysis done for the specimen casted. The standard
types of toughness test are carried out, which generated data
under specific loading conditions with respect to their
component design approaches. Also an overview on the
experimental tests conducted in relation with the strength
and durability of concrete were presented under the influence
of Nanosilica in concrete.
Increase the wear resistance of stainless steel through nitriding solutions. The thin film plasma nitriding equipment use vacuum process for modification of surfaces.
The document describes the fabrication of thin films using a modified physical vapor deposition (PVD) module. Titanium dioxide and aluminum thin films were deposited on silicon substrates. The process involved evaporating the materials in a vacuum chamber using a tungsten boat. Samples were characterized using optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and I-V testing. The results showed that the surface morphology and thickness of the thin films changed with increasing evaporation time. Optical microscopy images showed different surface structures after 1, 5, and 15 minutes of evaporation. Atomic force microscopy revealed the topography, thickness, and roughness of the titanium dioxide and aluminum thin films.
Dr Kevin Paine explains the research that the University of Bath are conducting into sustainable concrete technology including lime-pozzolan and self healing concrete.
This study examines manufacturing thin steel sheets through direct strip casting (DSC), which simplifies production and reduces energy consumption by 90% compared to conventional methods. DSC results in a microstructure with an average grain size of 55 μm. Atom probe tomography revealed nano-scale vanadium-rich clusters not observable through transmission electron microscopy. These clusters are responsible for retarded recrystallization and fine grains during rolling and annealing of vanadium-alloyed strip cast steels. The project investigates the influence of solute elements like carbon and vanadium on microstructural development during strip casting and secondary processing through a multi-scale approach.
This document outlines a student project to design and fabricate a gravity die for casting flat plates and cylinders. It will involve designing the die parts using software, machining the die from H11 tool steel using CNC machines, and testing the die through a casting process using 6063 aluminum alloy. The project aims to produce complex shapes through die casting and provide experience with die design, machining, casting techniques and evaluating final products.
This document provides an overview and table of contents for the book "Plastics Technology Handbook Volume 2: Manufacturing, Composites, Tooling, Auxiliaries". It discusses how the book covers major plastic compounding and forming technologies, from mass production processes like extrusion and injection molding to specialty techniques. It also details how the book covers topics like coating, casting, reaction injection molding, rotational molding, compression molding, reinforced plastics, and auxiliary/secondary equipment. The document provides information on the book's length, topics covered, intended audience, and contents.
Cathodic Protection of New and Old Reinforced Concrete StructuresYahaya Hassan Labaran
this presentation is made for a research paper assignment in Advance concrete technology course.
L. Bertolini, F. Bolzoni, A. Cigada, T. Pastore and P. Pedeferr, cathodic protection of new and old reinforced concrete structures; Corrosion Science, Vol. 35, Nos 5-8, pp. 1633-1639, 1993
R. Suihkonen, J. Perolainen, M. Lindgren, K. Valtonen, N. Ojala, E. Sarlin, J. Vuorinen: Erosion wear of glass fibre reinforced vinyl ester, Nordtrib 2014, Aarhus 10.-13.6.2014. Presentation by Kati Valtonen.
Glass fibre reinforced vinyl ester composites are widely used in tanks, piping, ducts, and fans in demanding applications, such as waste water treatment plants,chemical processing, and pulp and paper manufacturing due to their excellent chemical resistance and mechanical performance. In addition to corrosive environments, materials are typically exposed to erosion wear and high temperatures (close to 100°C) in many hydrometallurgical processes. However, there is limited understanding on the erosion wear of vinyl ester based composites and, therefore, knowledge should be gained on this field in order to evaluate their long-term behaviour and to optimise the maintenance intervals of different structures in various wear conditions. This study evaluates the slurry-erosion wear of glass fibre reinforced vinyl ester composites (VE-FRP) using a high speed slurry-pot type wear tester. The wear rates of VE-FRP were compared using different abrasives, namely quartz, chromite, ore, concentrate, and tailings. Furthermore, the effect of abrasive particle size and slurry concentration on the VE-FRP wear was studied. The erosion wear results of VE-FRP were compared to different rubbers, such as natural rubber (NR) and bromobutyl rubber (BIIR) as well as to few common thermoplastics, such as polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which are potential sensor, gauge, lining, and other wear resistant part materials in hydrometallurgical applications. The results demonstrated that coarse quartz produced the largest wear rates on VE-FRP samples, while the concentrate showed the lowest wear. Minor changes in the abrasive particle size had no effect on the wear results, only when the particle size was markedly raised, the wear started to increase. When comparing the wear rates of different materials, it was concluded that with all abrasive types, tested rubbers and thermoplastics had lower wear rates than VE-FRP.
This paper will present a rigorous method for evaluating the performance and economic benefits of solder paste stencil nano-coatings. Criterion such as underside cleaning, bridging, transfer efficiency across SARs, solder paste deposit geometry, post-print cleaning, and abrasion resistance of the coating, will all be considered and weighted. Performance of currently available coatings will be compared. A discussion of the economic impact on current and future SMT design will be included.
63586562 plastics-technology-handbook-volume-2-130816232757-phpapp01Muhammad Ahmad
This document provides a summary of the second volume of the Plastics Technology Handbook. It discusses various plastic manufacturing processes like coating, casting, reaction injection molding, rotational molding, compression molding, reinforced plastics, and other auxiliary processes. It also covers topics like mold and die tooling, material handling, decorating, and joining/assembling of plastic parts. The handbook is intended to provide a simplified and practical guide for professionals working with plastics.
This document discusses the use of nano materials in concrete. It describes that nano materials, which are less than 100 nanometers in size, can significantly change the mechanical, thermal, electrical, and chemical properties of concrete. Common nano materials used include nano silica, carbon nano tubes, and titanium oxide. The document outlines the advantages these materials provide such as increased strength and durability. It also summarizes the results of a laboratory study that found nano silica concrete produced the most uniform microstructure and lowest surface roughness.
The document discusses developing novel material systems for 3D powder printing. It first provides background on 3D printing and the increasing demand for new materials. An initial experiment is described that tests different combinations of algae powders and binders for suitability in 3D printing. The best combination found is edible algae powder mixed with walnut alkyd oil at a 0.7ml binder volume per gram of powder. Drying time and surface roughness results support this mixture. Further structural and mechanical testing of specimens made from this combination is planned along with exploring additional process parameters and post-processing techniques.
This document discusses copper tubes for air conditioning and refrigeration (ACR) applications. It outlines the key challenges for the ACR industry, such as cost reduction and energy savings. It then describes the key features of Mandev's ACR-grade copper tubes, including compliance with RoHS regulations, testing procedures, dimensional tolerances, and packaging and labeling. The document provides information on Mandev's manufacturing standards and product range.
Nano technology can significantly improve current construction problems and may change construction processes and requirements. Nanotechnology involves processing, separation, consolidation, and deformation of materials at the atomic scale. Using nano-particles in concrete can improve its bulk properties, strength, durability, and reduce environmental contamination. Common nano-materials used in concrete include carbon nano-tubes, nano-silica, and titanium oxide, which can increase strength, workability, and self-cleaning abilities. Preparing nano-concrete involves mixing cement, aggregates, and nano-materials. Nano-concrete offers benefits like increased strength, workability, corrosion resistance, and lower life-cycle costs.
experimental study on concrete using micro silica and nano silicaArmstra Junoly
This is our civil engineering project regarding increasing the strength of concrete which is successfully proved with references and literature reviews
This document discusses different methods of phosphating ferrous and aluminum alloys as a pre-treatment for paint bonding, including immersion zinc phosphate processes, spray zinc phosphate processes, and electropaint processes. It provides details on the chemistry, operating conditions, and advantages/disadvantages of orthodox immersion processing, calcium-modified immersion processing, and various spray phosphate processes. It also compares anodic and cathodic electropaint systems and their performance. Phosphate coatings formed by immersion are generally superior to sprays as a pre-treatment for electropaint.
IRJET - Effect of Silica Fume on Properties of Concrete-A ReviewIRJET Journal
The document reviews the effect of silica fume on the properties of concrete. It summarizes several studies that investigated replacing cement with silica fume at various percentages and evaluating the impact on properties of fresh and hardened concrete. The key findings are that replacing cement with 5-15% silica fume can improve compressive strength, reduce permeability and increase durability. Higher replacements of 20-30% may decrease strength. Silica fume concrete also exhibits lower water demand and higher early strength development compared to normal concrete. Overall, partial replacement of cement with silica fume enhances the mechanical and durability characteristics of concrete.
Nano concrete is a type of concrete made with portland cement particles smaller than 500nm as the binding agent. Adding nano materials like carbon nanotubes, nano-silica, and polycarboxylates can improve properties of conventional concrete such as increasing compressive strength, reducing water needs, and improving workability. Nano concrete produces stronger, more durable concrete and reduces environmental impact by requiring less cement and additives.
The document reports the results of environmental tests on the LSR116 Sealed 2D Barcode Reader. It passed tests for window impact resistance, water and dust ingression, vibration, shock, bump, and storage and operational temperatures, showing no damage or loss of functionality. Tests included dropping a steel ball on the window, immersing it in water, subjecting it to vibration and impacts, and storing and operating it in temperature ranges from -30C to +70C. The product was found to be fully operational after all tests.
Fluid Technology Corp, Case Study 13 FRP in fuel ethanol plantPhillip Bureman
This case study describes the use of fiberglass pipe and ducting in an ethanol plant. Fiberglass pipe between 1-42 inches in diameter was used for applications like anaerobic sludge, biogas, dilution water, and wastewater. Custom fiberglass ducting was also utilized to transport biogas and gas streams containing substances such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide under pressure and at high temperatures. The case study provides specifications on the fiberglass materials used, including the manufacturer, construction method, standards, and applications within the ethanol facility.
This document discusses smart and innovative machining processes. It begins by describing various machining operations like turning, milling, grinding, and wire EDM. It then shows how collaboration between designers, buyers, and manufacturers can lead to design for manufacturing practices that streamline processes. For example, modifying a part design reduced the cost per part from $178 to $37.40 for a lot size of 1,000 parts. The document also covers metal injection molding, noting its suitability for complex small parts in high volumes, and outlines design considerations and capabilities for the process.
Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) facilitan la comunicación y ayudan a ahorrar tiempo y espacio en diferentes formatos como la telefonía, correo electrónico y videoconferencia. Nuestra sociedad depende mucho de la tecnología y ha perdido privacidad, con la juventud compartiendo gustos culturales a través de los medios. Las TIC se han convertido en un pilar fundamental de la sociedad, por lo que la educación debe enseñar sobre esta realidad e incorporar el conocimiento y uso de la tecnología para
The purpose of this project is to design a system for Arbutus Medical that enables a commercially-available power tool to be used as a sterilizable, low-cost surgical saw.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help regulate emotions and stress levels.
Dr Kevin Paine explains the research that the University of Bath are conducting into sustainable concrete technology including lime-pozzolan and self healing concrete.
This study examines manufacturing thin steel sheets through direct strip casting (DSC), which simplifies production and reduces energy consumption by 90% compared to conventional methods. DSC results in a microstructure with an average grain size of 55 μm. Atom probe tomography revealed nano-scale vanadium-rich clusters not observable through transmission electron microscopy. These clusters are responsible for retarded recrystallization and fine grains during rolling and annealing of vanadium-alloyed strip cast steels. The project investigates the influence of solute elements like carbon and vanadium on microstructural development during strip casting and secondary processing through a multi-scale approach.
This document outlines a student project to design and fabricate a gravity die for casting flat plates and cylinders. It will involve designing the die parts using software, machining the die from H11 tool steel using CNC machines, and testing the die through a casting process using 6063 aluminum alloy. The project aims to produce complex shapes through die casting and provide experience with die design, machining, casting techniques and evaluating final products.
This document provides an overview and table of contents for the book "Plastics Technology Handbook Volume 2: Manufacturing, Composites, Tooling, Auxiliaries". It discusses how the book covers major plastic compounding and forming technologies, from mass production processes like extrusion and injection molding to specialty techniques. It also details how the book covers topics like coating, casting, reaction injection molding, rotational molding, compression molding, reinforced plastics, and auxiliary/secondary equipment. The document provides information on the book's length, topics covered, intended audience, and contents.
Cathodic Protection of New and Old Reinforced Concrete StructuresYahaya Hassan Labaran
this presentation is made for a research paper assignment in Advance concrete technology course.
L. Bertolini, F. Bolzoni, A. Cigada, T. Pastore and P. Pedeferr, cathodic protection of new and old reinforced concrete structures; Corrosion Science, Vol. 35, Nos 5-8, pp. 1633-1639, 1993
R. Suihkonen, J. Perolainen, M. Lindgren, K. Valtonen, N. Ojala, E. Sarlin, J. Vuorinen: Erosion wear of glass fibre reinforced vinyl ester, Nordtrib 2014, Aarhus 10.-13.6.2014. Presentation by Kati Valtonen.
Glass fibre reinforced vinyl ester composites are widely used in tanks, piping, ducts, and fans in demanding applications, such as waste water treatment plants,chemical processing, and pulp and paper manufacturing due to their excellent chemical resistance and mechanical performance. In addition to corrosive environments, materials are typically exposed to erosion wear and high temperatures (close to 100°C) in many hydrometallurgical processes. However, there is limited understanding on the erosion wear of vinyl ester based composites and, therefore, knowledge should be gained on this field in order to evaluate their long-term behaviour and to optimise the maintenance intervals of different structures in various wear conditions. This study evaluates the slurry-erosion wear of glass fibre reinforced vinyl ester composites (VE-FRP) using a high speed slurry-pot type wear tester. The wear rates of VE-FRP were compared using different abrasives, namely quartz, chromite, ore, concentrate, and tailings. Furthermore, the effect of abrasive particle size and slurry concentration on the VE-FRP wear was studied. The erosion wear results of VE-FRP were compared to different rubbers, such as natural rubber (NR) and bromobutyl rubber (BIIR) as well as to few common thermoplastics, such as polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which are potential sensor, gauge, lining, and other wear resistant part materials in hydrometallurgical applications. The results demonstrated that coarse quartz produced the largest wear rates on VE-FRP samples, while the concentrate showed the lowest wear. Minor changes in the abrasive particle size had no effect on the wear results, only when the particle size was markedly raised, the wear started to increase. When comparing the wear rates of different materials, it was concluded that with all abrasive types, tested rubbers and thermoplastics had lower wear rates than VE-FRP.
This paper will present a rigorous method for evaluating the performance and economic benefits of solder paste stencil nano-coatings. Criterion such as underside cleaning, bridging, transfer efficiency across SARs, solder paste deposit geometry, post-print cleaning, and abrasion resistance of the coating, will all be considered and weighted. Performance of currently available coatings will be compared. A discussion of the economic impact on current and future SMT design will be included.
63586562 plastics-technology-handbook-volume-2-130816232757-phpapp01Muhammad Ahmad
This document provides a summary of the second volume of the Plastics Technology Handbook. It discusses various plastic manufacturing processes like coating, casting, reaction injection molding, rotational molding, compression molding, reinforced plastics, and other auxiliary processes. It also covers topics like mold and die tooling, material handling, decorating, and joining/assembling of plastic parts. The handbook is intended to provide a simplified and practical guide for professionals working with plastics.
This document discusses the use of nano materials in concrete. It describes that nano materials, which are less than 100 nanometers in size, can significantly change the mechanical, thermal, electrical, and chemical properties of concrete. Common nano materials used include nano silica, carbon nano tubes, and titanium oxide. The document outlines the advantages these materials provide such as increased strength and durability. It also summarizes the results of a laboratory study that found nano silica concrete produced the most uniform microstructure and lowest surface roughness.
The document discusses developing novel material systems for 3D powder printing. It first provides background on 3D printing and the increasing demand for new materials. An initial experiment is described that tests different combinations of algae powders and binders for suitability in 3D printing. The best combination found is edible algae powder mixed with walnut alkyd oil at a 0.7ml binder volume per gram of powder. Drying time and surface roughness results support this mixture. Further structural and mechanical testing of specimens made from this combination is planned along with exploring additional process parameters and post-processing techniques.
This document discusses copper tubes for air conditioning and refrigeration (ACR) applications. It outlines the key challenges for the ACR industry, such as cost reduction and energy savings. It then describes the key features of Mandev's ACR-grade copper tubes, including compliance with RoHS regulations, testing procedures, dimensional tolerances, and packaging and labeling. The document provides information on Mandev's manufacturing standards and product range.
Nano technology can significantly improve current construction problems and may change construction processes and requirements. Nanotechnology involves processing, separation, consolidation, and deformation of materials at the atomic scale. Using nano-particles in concrete can improve its bulk properties, strength, durability, and reduce environmental contamination. Common nano-materials used in concrete include carbon nano-tubes, nano-silica, and titanium oxide, which can increase strength, workability, and self-cleaning abilities. Preparing nano-concrete involves mixing cement, aggregates, and nano-materials. Nano-concrete offers benefits like increased strength, workability, corrosion resistance, and lower life-cycle costs.
experimental study on concrete using micro silica and nano silicaArmstra Junoly
This is our civil engineering project regarding increasing the strength of concrete which is successfully proved with references and literature reviews
This document discusses different methods of phosphating ferrous and aluminum alloys as a pre-treatment for paint bonding, including immersion zinc phosphate processes, spray zinc phosphate processes, and electropaint processes. It provides details on the chemistry, operating conditions, and advantages/disadvantages of orthodox immersion processing, calcium-modified immersion processing, and various spray phosphate processes. It also compares anodic and cathodic electropaint systems and their performance. Phosphate coatings formed by immersion are generally superior to sprays as a pre-treatment for electropaint.
IRJET - Effect of Silica Fume on Properties of Concrete-A ReviewIRJET Journal
The document reviews the effect of silica fume on the properties of concrete. It summarizes several studies that investigated replacing cement with silica fume at various percentages and evaluating the impact on properties of fresh and hardened concrete. The key findings are that replacing cement with 5-15% silica fume can improve compressive strength, reduce permeability and increase durability. Higher replacements of 20-30% may decrease strength. Silica fume concrete also exhibits lower water demand and higher early strength development compared to normal concrete. Overall, partial replacement of cement with silica fume enhances the mechanical and durability characteristics of concrete.
Nano concrete is a type of concrete made with portland cement particles smaller than 500nm as the binding agent. Adding nano materials like carbon nanotubes, nano-silica, and polycarboxylates can improve properties of conventional concrete such as increasing compressive strength, reducing water needs, and improving workability. Nano concrete produces stronger, more durable concrete and reduces environmental impact by requiring less cement and additives.
The document reports the results of environmental tests on the LSR116 Sealed 2D Barcode Reader. It passed tests for window impact resistance, water and dust ingression, vibration, shock, bump, and storage and operational temperatures, showing no damage or loss of functionality. Tests included dropping a steel ball on the window, immersing it in water, subjecting it to vibration and impacts, and storing and operating it in temperature ranges from -30C to +70C. The product was found to be fully operational after all tests.
Fluid Technology Corp, Case Study 13 FRP in fuel ethanol plantPhillip Bureman
This case study describes the use of fiberglass pipe and ducting in an ethanol plant. Fiberglass pipe between 1-42 inches in diameter was used for applications like anaerobic sludge, biogas, dilution water, and wastewater. Custom fiberglass ducting was also utilized to transport biogas and gas streams containing substances such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide under pressure and at high temperatures. The case study provides specifications on the fiberglass materials used, including the manufacturer, construction method, standards, and applications within the ethanol facility.
This document discusses smart and innovative machining processes. It begins by describing various machining operations like turning, milling, grinding, and wire EDM. It then shows how collaboration between designers, buyers, and manufacturers can lead to design for manufacturing practices that streamline processes. For example, modifying a part design reduced the cost per part from $178 to $37.40 for a lot size of 1,000 parts. The document also covers metal injection molding, noting its suitability for complex small parts in high volumes, and outlines design considerations and capabilities for the process.
Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) facilitan la comunicación y ayudan a ahorrar tiempo y espacio en diferentes formatos como la telefonía, correo electrónico y videoconferencia. Nuestra sociedad depende mucho de la tecnología y ha perdido privacidad, con la juventud compartiendo gustos culturales a través de los medios. Las TIC se han convertido en un pilar fundamental de la sociedad, por lo que la educación debe enseñar sobre esta realidad e incorporar el conocimiento y uso de la tecnología para
The purpose of this project is to design a system for Arbutus Medical that enables a commercially-available power tool to be used as a sterilizable, low-cost surgical saw.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help regulate emotions and stress levels.
SlideShare es una plataforma para compartir presentaciones en línea. Permite a los usuarios subir presentaciones de PowerPoint, PDF y documentos de Google para compartir con otros. Al subir presentaciones a SlideShare, los usuarios pueden atraer más tráfico a su sitio web, construir su marca personal y ampliar su audiencia.
Dropbox es un servicio gratuito que permite a los usuarios almacenar y acceder a archivos desde cualquier dispositivo al sincronizar una carpeta en la nube. Los archivos guardados en Dropbox están disponibles en todos los equipos del usuario y se actualizan automáticamente cuando se realizan cambios.
The document lists information about students from three different schools including their hobbies and favorite subjects. Tommy Kyt from AU WING KAI school enjoys drama, collecting stamps, and reading in his free time and likes math, general studies, IT, and art in school. Poon Siu Chung reads for fun and studies with a special education teacher. Seto Pik Yan enjoys reading and listening to music outside of school and likes English and mathematics in school.
Hiring product managers at early and seed stage startups is a difficult process. This deck is an attempt to create a reference guide for startup founders who are looking to hire their first PMs. This was delivered at the "Seed to Series A - Making the Leap" event organised by SAIF Partners on 11th May 2016. The transcript of the entire talk is available on http://anshumaniruddra.com
Perturbações no Equilibrio dos EcossistemasGabriela Bruno
As perturbações no equilíbrio dos ecossistemas podem alterar as relações entre os seres vivos e seu ambiente de forma permanente. Mudanças climáticas, poluição e destruição de habitats naturais são algumas das ameaças à sustentabilidade dos ecossistemas. Proteger as espécies ameaçadas e recuperar áreas degradadas é essencial para preservar a biodiversidade.
The document describes a meeting between two people to discuss a new logo design over food and drinks at a restaurant. The designer presents a special dish that turns out to be the client's new logo design. The logo features curves inspired by the human body and vibrant colors inspired by the hot summer. The client seems to enjoy both the logo design and the dessert.
The lymphatic system includes lymph vessels, lymph nodes, and lymph fluid that carry excess fluid from tissues and filter pathogens. It is part of the circulatory system and immune system. Lymph fluid is formed from plasma that leaks from blood vessels into tissues and is transported through lymph vessels to lymph nodes, which filter the lymph and contain immune cells. The filtered lymph then returns to the bloodstream through two main lymphatic ducts. Lymphocytes produced in bone marrow and thymus gland are key immune cells that the lymphatic system helps transport and activate against foreign pathogens.
The document discusses best practices for structuring agile software development teams using Scrum. It recommends keeping teams small, with no more than two pizzas worth of people, as smaller teams are more productive, collaborative, and satisfying. Feature teams that focus on delivering whole features or capabilities are preferable to component teams. Guidelines are provided for assembling self-organizing teams, such as including all needed disciplines, balancing skills and experience, and seeking diversity. Once assembled, teams should focus their efforts on a single project rather than multitasking across projects.
The document summarizes a branding initiative between the Chamber of Commerce and City of Nashua. It included research to develop new brands and logos for both entities, as well as new websites. The $110,000 project was funded through $50,000 from the city and $60,000 raised privately. It went through phases of research, creative development, website building, and will launch in September 2013. The new tagline "Dare to Begin" reflects Nashua's history of residents and businesses taking chances and its opportunities for growth.
The document summarizes an experiment that investigated the effects of supercooling on free cut brass through heat treatment and quenching. Samples of brass were quenched in dry ice (-78°C) and liquid nitrogen (-275°C) after being heated to 1000°F. Hardness tests showed the liquid nitrogen quenched sample was softest with an average hardness of -14.1 HRB, while the dry ice sample was slightly harder at 5.7 HRB. Charpy impact tests found the liquid nitrogen sample absorbed less energy, supporting it being softer and more ductile. The experiment demonstrated that higher cooling rates through quenching produce greater softening and increases in ductility of brass due to
ORGANIC COATINGS FOR CORROSION PROTECTION OF TRANSFORMERS IN UNDERGROUND CHAM...Adriana de Araujo
Underground electrical transformers are frequently submitted to a very aggressive environment because of the stagnated water of underground chambers which is heated and contaminated. In Brazil, carbon steel structures of underground transformers are usually protected with coal tar epoxy paints in order to ensure their reliability. However, the use of this type of paints is being strongly restricted because coal tar contains complex mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which contain many toxic and potentially carcinogenic substances. Aiming at replacing coal tar based paints by an environmentally friendly one; several paints were selected in the local market and submitted to performance tests in order to compare them with coal tar based paint. In addition, anodes were evaluated to study the application of galvanic cathodic protection in areas of metal exposure due to coating flaws. This paper presents and discusses the obtained results.
Os transformadores elétricos subterrâneos estão frequentemente expostos à corrosão intensa decorrente da estagnação de água aquecida e contaminada das câmaras subterrâneas. No Brasil, as estruturas de aço-carbono do transformador subterrâneo são usualmente protegidas com pintura de epóxi alcatrão de hulha que contém substâncias tóxicas e potencialmente cancerígenas. Com o objetivo de substituir as tintas à base de alcatrão de hulha por tintas ecologicamente corretas, tintas disponíveis no mercado nacional foram selecionadas e submetidas a ensaios de desempenho para a sua comparação com a tinta de alcatrão de hulha. Além disso, anodos foram avaliados para o estudo da aplicação de proteção catódica galvânica do metal exposto em áreas de falhas do revestimento. Este artigo apresenta e discute os resultados obtidos.
ARAUJO, A.; PANOSSIAN, Z; ALMEIDA, N.L; MARTINS, M.C.; JUNIOR, S.D.A. Organic coatings for corrosion protection of transformers in underground chambers. In: NACE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE & EXPO, 2012, Salt Lake City, Proceedings... Salt Lake City: NACE 2012.
High speed slurry-pot type erosion wear testerNiko Ojala
The document describes the development of a new high-speed pin mill slurry-pot tester that enables testing materials at speeds up to 20 m/s using large abrasive particles up to 10 mm in size. Previous testers had lower speeds under 10 m/s and used smaller particles under 1 mm. The new pin mill configuration allows for testing of different materials, profiles, and abrasives. Initial tests showed large variability that was addressed through a sample rotation method, reducing standard deviation to under 1%. Tests on wear-resistant rubbers correlated with real-world applications.
This document discusses Dynocast, an Indian company that manufactures ceramic foam filters. It produces zirconia, silicon carbide, alumina, and zircon foam filters that can be used for filtering metals like steel, cast iron, and aluminum. The document provides technical specifications for zirconia foam filters and explains their benefits, like high filtration efficiency and mechanical strength. Using ceramic foam filters can reduce rejection rates during metal casting and improve properties of finished castings.
The document provides technical specifications for a packaged drinking water system with a production capacity of 5000 liters/hour. It includes details on the raw water pump, storage tanks, transfer pumps, dosing systems, filters including sand filter, carbon filter, UV system, and a reverse osmosis system. It also lists the required laboratory equipment for testing water quality.
The document summarizes an experiment to compare the corrosion behavior of API 5L X42 PSL1 and PSL2 carbon steel materials exposed to sour gas conditions. Coupons of each material were tested simultaneously in a vessel at 45°C, 480 psi, with 102 ppm H2S in CO2 and water for 193 hours. Post-test characterization found PSL2 developed cracks but less corrosion, while PSL1 formed a sludge scale with more corrosion. Analysis indicates PSL2 has superior corrosion resistance and should replace PSL1 in sour gas pipelines. The goal was to understand material differences and inform design of operational limits and safety procedures.
This document provides information on cable testing methods used at Thermo Cables Limited in Hyderabad, India. It discusses the various types of tests conducted on power, control, instrument, signal and other cables to check parameters like high voltage resistance, conductor resistance, insulation resistance, capacitance, inductance, tensile strength, thermal stability, attenuation and more. The tests are conducted according to standards like IS, IEC, ASTM, BS to ensure cable quality meets specifications.
This document outlines various cable testing methods and standards. It discusses the different types of cables and materials used in cables. It then describes the routine, acceptance, and other specialized tests performed on cables, including high voltage testing, resistance testing, insulation resistance testing, aging tests, attenuation testing, and fire resistance testing. Standards for these various cable tests from organizations like IS, IEC, ASTM, and BS are also listed.
The document investigates various water purification catalysts and commercial filters using scanning electron microscopy. Granular activated carbon is examined with and without palladium-gold catalyst particles. The catalyst is found to be effective at transforming trichloroethylene contamination into less harmful compounds. Commercial Brita and PUR water filters are also imaged, finding they contain granular activated carbon and ion exchange resin beads to reduce contaminants through adsorption and ion exchange.
(https://www.premierpolymers.net/) We are a leading organization engaged in offering a wide assortment of Industrial Laboratory Products to our clients. These products are precisely engineered by our experts as per the requirements of our clients. We offer our products at market leading prices for avoiding the budgetary constraints of our clients. The range of products offered by us finds an extensive application in various laboratories.
Silica Gel Column chromatography is used for separating and purifying the liquids and solid compounds. It is an effective chromatography technique in which stationary phase adsorbs the unwanted compounds and other impurities using silica gel and activated aluminum oxide powder as powerful adsorbents.
URL:- http://column-chromatography.com/silica-gel-column-chromatography/
The document describes Organica Feinchemie GmbH Wolfen, a company located in Germany that specializes in custom chemical syntheses. They have capabilities for reactions, equipment including reactors up to 93 cubic meters in size, and analytical testing. They can perform over 70 types of chemical reactions including condensation, heterocycle synthesis, amidation, and more.
Influence of Thickness on Electrical and Structural Properties of Zinc Oxide ...paperpublications3
Abstract: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) thin films were prepared on corning (7059) glass substrates at a thickness of 75.5 and 130.5nm by RF sputtering technique. The deposition was carried out at room temperature after which the samples were annealed in open air at 1500C. The electrical and structural properties of these films were studied. The electrical properties of the films were monitored by four-point probe method while the structural properties were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was found that the electrical resistance of the films decreases with increase in the thickness of the films. The XRD analysis of the films showed that the films have a peak located at 〖34.31^0-34.35〗^0with hkl (002). Other parameters calculated include the stress ( ) and the grain size (D).
This document is a proposal from SN Pure Water Solutions Pvt Ltd for a package drinking water plant for M/s Baljit Singh in Angul, Odisha. It includes specifications for a reverse osmosis water treatment plant with a capacity of 4000 liters per hour. The proposal covers technical specifications and annexures for the treatment plant equipment, filling systems, quality control laboratory, and commercial terms.
Investigation into the design and application of solid core stationary phases has led to a better understanding of how the phases work and has resulted in their design aligned to the structure of the analytes being separated. The current range of columns available is discussed both in terms of selectivities, and also morphologies, allowing informed decisions to be made by the chromatographer. Using real life examples, coupled with advanced modeling, the effects of the particle size and morphology will be given for both small and large molecules, offering an insight into what the future holds for solid core products.
Trialon Corporation has been providing engineering and testing services since 1982 to industries including aerospace, automotive, military, and telecommunications. They have a variety of environmental test chambers and equipment for testing reliability under different conditions such as temperature, humidity, dust, altitude, and flammability. Their facilities include 70 environmental chambers, humidity chambers, temperature cycling chambers, walk-in and drive-in temperature and humidity chambers, salt fog/spray equipment, tensile strength testing, and ovens for high temperature testing.
The document provides information about FJM Cylinders Pvt. Ltd., a joint venture between Indian and Italian companies. It summarizes the company's manufacturing processes for compressed natural gas cylinders in 3 sentences:
FJM Cylinders manufactures CNG cylinders through a process that involves cutting steel tubes, heating and bending tube ends through induction heating and spinning, heat treatment including hardening and tempering, and testing including hydrostatic stretch tests to check for leaks or flaws. The company uses automation and technologies from its Italian partner Faber to produce cylinders according to specifications for dimensions, hardness levels, and passing pressure testing requirements.
The company manufactures carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, and nickel base castings up to 750kg for industries like valves, pumps, chemical processing, mining, oil and gas, marine, power, and automotive. It has an annual production capacity of 1800MT across 70000 square feet of construction. The company provides castings that meet standards like ASTM, DIN, and EN. It has testing facilities for chemical analysis, mechanical testing, microscopy, and NDT. The company also has heat treatment furnaces and plans to expand machining capabilities.
Gopani has a modern state-of-art facility where glass fibre filter cartridges are manufactured in a highly controlled environment. The cartridge filter is manufactured using the highest quality yarn, suitable core material and sturdy end-caps. Every glass fibre filter undergoes a thorough quality check before moving out of the facility. Gopani’s Clarywound GF catridge filters are extremely resistant to corrosive liquids and aggressive chemicals. The filter works like a dream for applications involving high temperature exposure, reactive chemicals and corrosive liquids.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
1. DYNOCAST, J - 66, M.I.D.C. KUPWAD, SANGLI.
Manufacturers of Ceramic Foam Filters.
Technical Data Sheet for Zirconia Base Foam Filters for Steel, Alloy Steels and Stainless Steels
Description:
1 Material: Zirconia Base
2 Porosity: 10 PPI
3 Colour: Yellow
4 Max. Working Temperature: 1700 deg.C
5 Room Temp. Compression Strength: > 1.5 Mpa
6 Volume Porosity: 75 to 85 %
7 Thermal Shock Resistance: 1325 degC to Room Temp. Test: does not break for min 5 times.
8 Applications: Filtration of Carbon Steels, Alloy Steels and Stainless Steels.
Filtration Capacities and Flow Rate Data
Size
Filtration
Capacities for
Carbon Steels
kg/sec.
Filtration
Capacities for
High
AlloySteels
kg/sec.
Total Filtration
Capacity kg.
Round
Filters
1 40 dia x 22 1.55 1.85 10 to 12 kg.
2 50 dia x 22 2.50 3.00 30 to 40 kg
3 60 dia x 22 3.50 4.50 40 to 55 kg.3 60 dia x 22 3.50 4.50 40 to 55 kg.
4 70 dia x 22 4.60 6.00 63 to 75 kg.
5 90 dia x 25 8.00 9.50 120 to 140 kg.
6 100 dia x 30 9.50 12.00 190 kg
7 125 dia x 30 11.00 13.50 220 kg.
8 150 dia x 30 12.50 15.00 275 kg.
Square Filters
1 50 x 50 x 22 3.00 4.00 45 to 50 kg.
2 75 x 75 x 25 6.50 8.50 90 to 100 kg.
Notes:
1. All values above are only guidelines for the selection of size of filter for the
intended application. Actual results depend on many parameters like superheat
temperature, furnace and ladle refractory practice, location of filter in the mould
etc.