This document summarizes information about the Zika virus outbreak. It discusses how Zika is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, symptoms of Zika infection, treatments, connection to microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome, outbreak locations including countries in the Americas and Pakistan, and prevention through reducing mosquito breeding sites. A leading outbreak response group warned that the mosquitoes carrying Zika have been found in Pakistan due to the presence of the dengue-transmitting Aedes mosquito.

2.  AREEBA SHAHID BE-003
 BUSHRA DAR BE-008
 FARAH NAZ BE-009
 JAWERIA NIAZ KHAN BE-017
 MARINA MURAD BE-021
PRESENTERS:

3. INTRODUCTION
Zika virus disease
is caused by a virus
transmitted
by Aedes mosquito
es.
This is the same
mosquito that
transmits dengue
and yellow fever.

4. INTRODUCTION
The first large outbreak of
disease caused by Zika
infection was reported from
the Island of Yap in 2007.
There are currently several
countries experiencing Zika
virus outbreaks.
INTRODUCTION

5. ZIKA VIRUS OUTBREAK
 Since 2015, more than 65 countries
and territories have reported
evidence of mosquito-borne Zika
virus transmission including:
Papua New Guinea
Peru
Netherlands
Saint Lucia
Chile
Viet Nam
Dominica and Cuba
Argentina and France
Saint Vincent
United States of America
Maldives
Region of the Americas
France
Haiti
Bolivia
Panama
Cape Verde
Mexico
Brazil and Colombia

6. ZIKA VIRUS OUTBREAK MAP

7. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
The incubation period (i.e. the time
from exposure to symptoms) of Zika
virus disease is not clear, but is
likely to be a few days. The
symptoms are usually mild and last
for 2-7 days.
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29 30 31

8. FEVER
MALAISE
SKIN RASHES
CONJUNCTIVITIS
MUSCLE / JOINT PAIN
HEADACHE
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

10. TREATMENTS OF
ZIKA VIRUS
There is currently no vaccine
available.People sick with
Zika virus should
get plenty of rest,
drink enough fluids,
and treat pain and
fever with common
medicines.

11. TRANSMISSION OF ZIKA VIRUS

12. Why Zika Virus is An
Outbreak Alarming?
Zika virus is catching
global attention due
to its alarming
connection with
microcephaly, a
neurological disorder
in babies being born
with abnormally
small heads.

13. ZIKA
&
MICROCEPHALY

14. ZIKA AND
MICROCEPHALY
Microcephaly is a condition where a
baby’s head is much smaller than
expected.

15. ZIKA AND MICROCEPHALY
On 14 April 2016 the
United States’ Centers for
Disease Control and
Prevention released a
statement concluding that
prenatal Zika virus
infection is a cause of
Microcephaly and other
serious brain anomalies in
developing fetuses.
Zika virus can be spread from a
pregnant woman to her unborn baby.

16. Zika
&
Guillain- Barré
syndrome

17. Zika and Guillain-
Barré syndrome:
 Several countries that have experienced Zika
outbreaks recently have reported increases
in people who have Guillain-Barré syndrome.
 Current CDC research suggests that Guillain-
Barré syndrome is strongly associated with
Zika; however, only a small proportion of
people with recent Zika virus infection get
Guillain-Barré syndrome.

18. Zika and Guillain-
Barré syndrome:
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an uncommon
sickness of the nervous system in which a person’s
own immune system damages the nerve cells,
causing muscle weakness, and sometimes,
paralysis.
Guillain-Barré syndrome is a disorder causing
demyelination and axonal degeneration.

19. Zika and Guillain-
Barré syndrome:
SYMPTOMS:
 The first symptoms of this
disorder include varying degrees
of weakness or tingling
sensations in the legs.
 In severe cases, can affect the
muscles that control breathing.
 Symptoms can last a few weeks
or several months.
 Most people fully recover from
GBS, though some people have
permanent damage.
 Very few people die from GBS.

20. ZIKA IN PAKISTAN
ISLAMABAD: A leading member of the Global Outbreak
Alert and Response Network (GOARN) has warned that
mosquitoes carrying the Zika virus have been found in
Pakistan.

21. ZIKA IN PAKISTAN
 “As we take into account the
presence of Aedes Aegypti,
the same vector for dengue
fever, we need to think about
the serious nature of the
alert.”-Dr Muhammad Najeeb
Durrani of GOARN.
 Dengue mosquito’s presence
can lead to Zika virus
outbreak.
 No Zika virus in Pakistan

22. PREVENTION

23. PREVENTION
Prevention and control depend on:
Reducing mosquitoes through source
reduction (removal and modification of
breeding sites)

24. References:
 http://www.who.int/en
 http://www.cdc.gov/zika
 http://www.health.govt.nz
 http://tribune.com.pk/story/106211
0/zika-virus-mosquitoes-found-in-
pakistan-goarn