XSL is a language used to describe how to display XML files in a browser. It can convert XML files into other formats like HTML. The most common use of XSL is to convert XML files into HTML that can be displayed in browsers. Key elements in XSL include xsl:template to match nodes, xsl:value-of to extract node values, xsl:for-each to iterate over nodes, and xsl:copy to copy nodes from the XML file to the output. An example shows using an XSL stylesheet to transform an XML file about a fitness center member into an HTML web page that displays the member's name, favorite color, and phone numbers.

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XML –P5
Mrs.C.Santhiya
Assistant
Professor/IT
TCE,Madurai

2. What is XSL?
• XSL is a language that allows one to describe a browser
how to process an XML file.
• XSL can convert an XML file into another XML with
different format.
• XSL can convert an XML file into a non-XML file.
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3. Purpose
• The most common type of XSL processing is to convert XML file
into HTML file which can be displayed by browsers. We will
focus on this use of XSL.
• XSL is the bridge between XML and HTML.
• We can use XSL to have different HTML formats for
the same data represented in XML.
• Separating data (contents) from style tags (display
commands).
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4. ex
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5. Declaration
• <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
• <xsl:transform version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
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6. • <xsl:apply-templates>
• <xsl:apply-templates match=“expression”>
• <xsl:template>
• <xsl:value of select=“expression”>
• <xsl:for each select=“expression”>
• <xsl:sort select=“expression”>
• <xsl:output>
• <xsl:copy>
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7. Match attribute
• <xsl:template match="/">
• <xsl:template match=“/”>
….
</xsl:template>
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8. xsl:for-each
• <xsl:value-of select="catalog/cd/title"/>
• <xsl:value-of select=“name”/>
• <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
<tr>
<td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
</tr>
</xsl:for-each>
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9. xsl:sort
• <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
<xsl:sort select="artist"/>
<tr>
<td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
</tr>
</xsl:for-each>
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10. xsl:if
• <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
<xsl:if test="price &gt; 10">
<tr>
<td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="price"/></td>
</tr>
</xsl:if>
</xsl:for-each>
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11. xsl:choose
• <xsl:choose>
<xsl:when test="expression">
... some output ...
</xsl:when>
<xsl:otherwise>
... some output ....
</xsl:otherwise>
</xsl:choose>
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12. EX
• <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
<tr>
<td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>
<xsl:choose>
<xsl:when test="price &gt; 10">
<td bgcolor="#ff00ff">
<xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
</xsl:when>
<xsl:otherwise>
<td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
</xsl:otherwise>
</xsl:choose>
</tr>
</xsl:for-each>
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13. • <xsl:template match="title">
• Title: <span style="color:#ff0000">
• <xsl:value-of select="."/></span>
• <br />
• </xsl:template>
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14. XSl:copy
• Copying:
• xsl:copy, copies the current node
• xsl:apply-templates, processes the children of the current node
• ex. <xsl:stylesheetxmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
version="1.0">
• <xsl:template match="title">
• <xsl:copy>
• <xsl:apply-templates/>
• </xsl:copy>
• </xsl:template>
• </xsl:stylesheet>
• xsl:copy-of element, can copy the entire subtree of each node that the
template selects
– ex. <xsl:template match="title“>
– <xsl:copy-of select="*"/>
– </xsl:template>
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15. Example of Turning XML into HTML
• <?xml version="1.0"?>
• <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="FitnessCenter.xsl"?>
• <FitnessCenter>
• <Member level="platinum">
• <Name>Jeff</Name>
• <Phone type="home">555-1234</Phone>
• <Phone type="work">555-4321</Phone>
• <FavoriteColor>lightgrey</FavoriteColor>
• </Member>
• </FitnessCenter>
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16. HTML Document in an XSL Template
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsl:output method="html"/>
<xsl:stylesheet
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
version="1.0">
<xsl:template match="/">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Welcome</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
Welcome!
</BODY>
</HTML>
</xsl:template>
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17. Extracting
• <?xml version="1.0"?>
• <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
• version="1.0">
•
• <xsl:output method="html"/>
• <xsl:template match="/">
• <HTML>
• <HEAD>
• <TITLE>Welcome</TITLE>
• </HEAD>
• <BODY bgcolor="{/FitnessCenter/Member/FavoriteColor}">
• Welcome <xsl:value-of select="/FitnessCenter/Member/Name"/>!
• </BODY>
• </HTML>
• </xsl:template>
• </xsl:stylesheet>
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18. validity
• <Body bgcolor="<xsl:value-of
select='/FitnessCenter/Member/FavoriteColor'/>">
• <Body
bgcolor="{/FitnessCenter/Member/Fav
oriteColor}">
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19. • <?xml version="1.0"?>
• <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
• version="1.0">
• <xsl:output method="html"/>
• <xsl:template match="/">
• <HTML>
• <HEAD>
• <TITLE>Welcome</TITLE>
• </HEAD>
• <BODY bgcolor="{/FitnessCenter/Member/FavoriteColor}">
• Welcome <xsl:value-of select="/FitnessCenter/Member/Name"/>!
• <BR/>
• Your home phone number is:
• <xsl:value-of select="/FitnessCenter/Member/Phone[@type='home']"/>
• </BODY>
• </HTML>
• </xsl:template>
• </xsl:stylesheet> 19